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'''{{PAGENAME}}''' ('' | '''{{PAGENAME}}''' (''Dîthâabh'' /diː˧˩θ{{ret}}aːaw˥˩/) is a language of Tricin's Mintonia inspired by Iau, Proto-Lakes Plain, Dinka, Thai, Formor's avian conlang C’ą̂ą́r and Semitic languages (particularly chanted Tiberian Hebrew). | ||
==Phonology== | ==Phonology== | ||
{{PAGENAME}} has | {{PAGENAME}} has | ||
* | * 4 consonants: | ||
** | ** voiced labial stop: b | ||
** voiced | ** voiced postdental stop: d | ||
** voiceless | ** voiceless alveolar stop: t | ||
** voiceless | ** voiceless velar stop: k | ||
* 21 vowels: ''i ị e ẹ a ọ o ụ u'' /i ɪ e ɛ ä ɔ o ʊ u/ + nasalized counterparts + ''ă'' (shva na3, by default /ä/); /ɔ o ʊ u/ are really their unrounded counterparts | |||
* 21 vowels: ''i ị e ẹ a | * 6 pitch accent patterns (level, rising, falling, falling-rising, rising-falling, one like Swedish tone 2) (they should be loosely modeled after tropes) (long and overlong tones should be different; some tones have two nuclei like ''pashtayim'' and ''qadma v'azla'') | ||
* 6 pitch accent patterns (level, rising, falling, falling-rising, rising-falling, one like Swedish tone 2) (they should be loosely modeled after tropes) (long and | |||
There is a three way length distinction as well, in both consonants and vowels. | There is a three way length distinction as well, in both consonants and vowels. | ||
All | All four stops have continuant allophones (roughly [w ð{{lowered}}̠ˠ θ̠ h]) after vowels, unless they're geminated. [ð{{lowered}}̠ˠ] is Danish soft d. | ||
=== Word structure === | === Word structure === | ||
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Most words are underlyingly either open syllable -V: (e.g. o), or "closed syllable" with nucleus -V: and allowed "codas" -C, -V, -VC, -CC, -(unstressed syllable) (e.g. och, o.o, o.och, o.chebh, o.c) | Most words are underlyingly either open syllable -V: (e.g. o), or "closed syllable" with nucleus -V: and allowed "codas" -C, -V, -VC, -CC, -(unstressed syllable) (e.g. och, o.o, o.och, o.chebh, o.c) | ||
Extrametrical elements occur too: ô. | Extrametrical elements occur too: ô.k-ko [ô:.k:-kò:] (like -k in TibH ותבך vattėbh-k 'and she wept') | ||
===Orthography=== | ===Orthography=== | ||
{{PAGENAME}} has an ASCII friendly orthography in addition to the 'default' one, where some vowels are written with consonant letters. | |||
{{PAGENAME}} has an ASCII friendly orthography in addition to the 'default' one, where some vowels are written with consonant letters. | |||
==Morphology== | ==Morphology== | ||
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There is no grammatical gender, and two declension classes: | There is no grammatical gender, and two declension classes: | ||
* Class one nouns mark the construct state with the suffix ''- | * Class one nouns mark the construct state with the suffix ''-bẽ́''. | ||
* Class two nouns mark the ''absolute'' state with ''- | * Class two nouns mark the ''absolute'' state with ''-bẽ́''. | ||
Verbs inflect by aspect but not tense. Curiously, the imperfective and perfective forms are interchanged when the verb follows the interrogative particle ''củ-'', the negative particle ''bách-'' or the conjunctive particle ''ădhùbh-'', or other preverbs/conjunctions, reminiscent of Old Irish verb allomorphy. | |||
{{PAGENAME}} is borderline polysynthetic in that some verbs have to incorporate their objects. {{PAGENAME}} also uses bipersonal inflections | {{PAGENAME}} is borderline polysynthetic in that some verbs have to incorporate their objects. {{PAGENAME}} also uses bipersonal inflections. | ||
==Syntax== | ==Syntax== | ||