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'''{{PAGENAME}}''' is the most recent common ancestor of [[Þiúdьsk]] and [[Ufirlandisg]].
'''Old Glommish''' is a special register of Glommish used in Glommish theater to represent characters in ancient times.
==Morphology==
=== Article ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|+ '''Definite article'''
! rowspan=2 | case || colspan=3 | singular || colspan="3" | plural
|-
! m. || f. || n. || m. || f. || n.
|-
! nom.
| ''sa'' || ''sá'' || ''that'' || ''thy'' || ''thá'' || ''thá''
|-
! acc.
| ''than'' || ''thá'' || ''that'' || ''tho'' || ''thár'' || ''thá''
|-
! dat.
| ''tham'' || ''thyre'' || ''tham''
|colspan=3| ''thym''
|-
! gen.
| ''thas'' || ''thyrar'' || ''thas''
|colspan=3| ''thyra''
|}


<!--  
===Nouns===
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style=" text-align: center;"
! colspan="3" | o-stem: ''wulfъ'' (m.) 'wolf'
|-
! style="width: 90px;" | Case
! style="width: 100px;" | Singular
!  style="width: 100px;" | Plural
|-
! Nominative
| ''wulfъ'' || ''wulfa''
|-
! Accusative
| ''wulfъ'' || ''wulfo''
|-
! Genitive
| ''wulfъs'' || ''wulfa''
|-
! Dative
| ''wulfe'' || ''wulfъm''
|-
! Instrumental
| ''wulfъ'' || ''wulfъm''
|}


This is a short reminder of the language format policy.


I. Write a short piece stating your intents and purposes when creating the language (Design goal, inspiration, ideas, and so on).
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style=" text-align: center;"
II. Write a short introduction to your language. (Who speaks it? When was it created? By whom? or what? are some example questions that can be answered here)
! colspan="3" | o-stem: ''jukъ'' (n.) 'yoke'
III. Once done, try making sure everything is properly spelt so as to avoid unnecessary reader fatigue.
|-
! style="width: 90px;" | Case
! style="width: 100px;" | Singular
!  style="width: 100px;" | Plural
|-
! Nominative/Accusative
| ''jukъ'' || ''juka''
|-
! Genitive
| ''jukъs'' || ''juka''
|-
! Dative
| ''juke'' || ''jukъm''
|-
! Instrumental
| ''jukъ'' || ''jukъm''
|}


-->


==Introduction==
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style=" text-align: center;"
! colspan="3" | eh2-stem: ''gefъ'' (f.) 'gift'
|-
! style="width: 90px;" | Case
! style="width: 100px;" | Singular
!  style="width: 100px;" | Plural
|-
! Nominative
| ''gefъ'' || ''gefa''
|-
! Accusative
| ''gefa'' || ''gefa''
|-
! Genitive
| ''gefa'' || ''gefa''
|-
! Dative
| ''gefe'' || ''gefam''
|-
! Instrumental
| ''gefъ'' || ''gefam''
|}


<!-- Design goals, inspiration, ideas, who speaks it?, when was it created?, where does it come from?, any peculiarities? -->


<!-- Example categories/headings:
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style=" text-align: center;"
 
! colspan="3" | eh2-stem: ''gēfa'' (f.) 'gift'
Goals
Setting
Inspiration
 
-->
 
<!-- ***Phonology*** -->
<!-- What sounds does your language use? -->
<!-- Here are some example sub-/other categories:
 
Vowel inventory
Consonant inventory
Syllable structure
Stress
Intonation
 
-->
==Phonology==
===Orthography===
===Consonants===
 
{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center"
|-
|-
|+'''Consonant phonemes'''
! style="width: 90px;" | Case
!colspan="2"|  
! style="width: 100px;" | Singular
! | Labial
! style="width: 100px;" | Plural
! | Dental
! | Alveolar
! | Velar
|-
|-
!colspan="2"| Nasal
! Nominative
| '''m''' {{IPA|m}}
| ''gēfa'' || ''gēfan''  
| '''n''' {{IPA|n}}
|
|
|-
|-
!rowspan="2" | Stop<br/>/Affricate
! Accusative
!<small>voiceless</small>
| ''gēfan'' || ''gēfan''  
| '''p''' {{IPA|p}}
| '''t''' {{IPA|t}}
|
| '''k''' {{IPA|c~k}}
|-
|-
!<small>voiced</small>
! Genitive
| '''b''' {{IPA|b}}
| ''gēfan'' || ''gēfana''  
| '''d''' {{IPA|d}}
|
| '''g''' {{IPA|ɟ~g}}
|-
|-
!colspan="2"|Fricative
! Dative
| '''f''' {{IPA|f~v}}
| ''gēfan'' || ''gēfam''  
| '''þ''' {{IPA|θ~ð}}
| '''s''' {{IPA|s~z}}
| '''h''' {{IPA|ç~x~h}}
|-
|-
!colspan=2| Resonant
! Instrumental
| '''w''' {{IPA|ʋ}}
| ''gēfan'' || ''gēfam''  
| '''r''' {{IPA|r}}
| '''l''' {{IPA|l}}
| '''j''' {{IPA|j}}
|}
|}


All consonants except {{recon|j}} can be allophonically palatalized before front vowels (*e *ē *ö *ȫ *i *ī *ü *ǖ *eu *iu). The palatalization is still allophonic in {{PAGENAME}} but the allophonic palatalization may have been especially strong in k/g.


*-anz, -inz, -unz > -ąz, -įz, -ųz > -ār, -īr, -ūr
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style=" text-align: center;"
! colspan="3" | i-stem: ''gastь'' (m.) 'guest'
|-
! style="width: 90px;" | Case
! style="width: 100px;" | Singular
!  style="width: 100px;" | Plural
|-
! Nominative
| ''gastь'' || ''gasti''
|-
! Genitive
| ''gastьs'' || ''gastьja''
|-
! Dative
| ''gasti'' || ''gastьmъ''
|}


===Vowels===
'''a ā e ē əi i ī o ō ö ȫ u ū ü ǖ au eu iu''' (e ē were probably very open, close to /æ æː/)


U-umlaut: a ā e ē i ī > o ō ö ȫ ü ǖ (from PGmc *a *ō/ā *e *ē *i *ī)
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style=" text-align: center;"
! colspan="3" | i-stem: ''gastь'' (m.) 'guest'
|-
! style="width: 90px;" | Case
! style="width: 100px;" | Singular
!  style="width: 100px;" | Plural
|-
! Nominative
| ''gastь'' || ''gasti''
|-
! Genitive
| ''gastьs'' || ''gastьja''
|-
! Dative
| ''gasti'' || ''gastьmъ''
|}


Vowel reflexes in stressed syllables:


a ā e ē ə̄ i ī o ō ö ȫ u ū ü ǖ au eu iu
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style=" text-align: center;"
! colspan="3" | i-stem: ''marь'' (n.) 'sea'
|-
! style="width: 90px;" | Case
! style="width: 100px;" | Singular
!  style="width: 100px;" | Plural
|-
! Nominative
| ''marь'' || ''mari''
|-
! Genitive
| ''marьs'' || ''marьja''
|-
! Dative
| ''mari'' || ''marьmъ''
|}


Þiúd'sk: > a á ia/ie iá ý i í o ó ie ié iu iú i í ó ió iú


Ufirlandisg: > a ā ia(üe after w) iā(üē after w) ē(uō after w) i(ü after w) ī(ǖ after w) uo uō üe üē u ū ü ǖ au iau ieu
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style=" text-align: center;"
! colspan="3" | u-stem: ''sunъ'' (m.) 'son'
|-
! style="width: 90px;" | Case
! style="width: 100px;" | Singular
!  style="width: 100px;" | Plural
|-
! Nominative
| ''sunъ'' || ''sunir''
|-
! Genitive
| ''sunor'' || ''sunьwa''
|-
! Dative
| ''suni'' || ''sunъmъ''
|}


===Prosody===
====Stress====
====Intonation====


===Phonotactics===
<!-- Explain the consonant clusters and vowel clusters that are permissible for use in the language. For example, "st" is an allowed consonant cluster in English while onset "ng" isn't. -->
===Morphophonology===
==Morphology==
===Nouns===
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style=" text-align: center;"
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style=" text-align: center;"
! colspan="3" | a-stem: ''wulfa'' (m.) 'wolf'
! colspan="3" | C-stem: ''burgь'' (f.) 'fortification'
|-
|-
! style="width: 90px;" | Case  
! style="width: 90px;" | Case  
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|-
|-
! Nominative
! Nominative
| ''wulfa'' || ''wulfār''  
| ''burgь'' || ''burgir''  
|-
|-
! Genitive
! Genitive
| ''wulfas'' || ''wulfā''  
| ''burgir'' || ''burga''  
|-
|-
! Dative
! Dative
| ''wulfəi'' || ''wulfama''
| ''burgi'' || ''burgъmъ''  
|-
! Instrumental
| ''wulfā'' || ''wulfami''  
|}
|}




{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style=" text-align: center;"
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style=" text-align: center;"
! colspan="3" | a-stem: ''juka'' (m.) 'yoke'
! colspan="3" | z-stem: ''lambъ'' (m.) 'lamb'
|-
|-
! style="width: 90px;" | Case  
! style="width: 90px;" | Case  
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|-
|-
! Nominative
! Nominative
| ''juka'' || ''jukā''  
| ''lambъ'' || ''lambьra''  
|-
|-
! Genitive
! Genitive
| ''jukas'' || ''jukā''  
| ''lambьrь'' || ''lambьra''  
|-
|-
! Dative
! Dative
| ''jukəi'' || ''jukama''
| ''lambьrь'' || ''lambьrъmъ''  
|-
! Instrumental
| ''jukā'' || ''jukami''  
|}
|}




{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style=" text-align: center;"
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style=" text-align: center;"
! colspan="3" | ā-stem: ''gefā'' (f.) 'gift'
! colspan="3" | an-stem: ''auga'' (n.) 'eye'
|-
|-
! style="width: 90px;" | Case  
! style="width: 90px;" | Case  
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|-
|-
! Nominative
! Nominative
| ''gefā'' || ''gefār''  
| ''auga'' || ''augana''  
|-
|-
! Genitive
! Genitive
| ''gefār'' || ''gefā''  
| ''augьnь'' || ''augъna''  
|-
|-
! Dative
! Dative
| ''gefāi'' || ''gefāma''
| ''augьnь'' || ''augъmmъ''  
|-
! Instrumental
| ''gefā'' || ''gefāmi''  
|}
|}




{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style=" text-align: center;"
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style=" text-align: center;"
! colspan="3" | i-stem: ''gasti'' (m.) 'guest'
! colspan="3" | n-stem: ''harpa'' (f.) 'harp'
|-
|-
! style="width: 90px;" | Case  
! style="width: 90px;" | Case  
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|-
|-
! Nominative
! Nominative
| ''gasti'' || ''gastīr''  
| ''harpa'' || ''harpanь''  
|-
|-
! Genitive
! Genitive
| ''gastīr'' || ''gastijā''  
| ''harpanь'' || ''harpana''  
|-
|-
! Dative
! Dative
| ''gastī'' || ''gastima''
| ''harpanь'' || ''harpamъ''  
|-
! Instrumental
| ''gastī'' || ''gastimi''  
|}
|}




{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style=" text-align: center;"
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style=" text-align: center;"
! colspan="3" | i-stem: ''mari'' (n.) 'sea'
! colspan="3" | n-stem: ''burþi'' (f.) 'birth'
|-
|-
! style="width: 90px;" | Case  
! style="width: 90px;" | Case  
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|-
|-
! Nominative
! Nominative
| ''mari'' || ''marī''  
| ''burþi'' || ''burþinь''  
|-
|-
! Genitive
! Genitive
| ''marīr'' || ''marjā''  
| ''burþinь'' || ''burþina''  
|-
|-
! Dative
! Dative
| ''marī'' || ''marima''
| ''burþinь'' || ''burþimъ''  
|-
! Instrumental
| ''marī'' || ''marimi''  
|}
|}




{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style=" text-align: center;"
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style=" text-align: center;"
! colspan="3" | u-stem: ''sunu'' (m.) 'son'
! colspan="3" | r-stem: ''fader'' (m.) 'father'
|-
|-
! style="width: 90px;" | Case  
! style="width: 90px;" | Case  
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|-
|-
! Nominative
! Nominative
| ''sunu'' || ''sunīr''  
| ''fader'' || ''fadrь''  
|-
|-
! Genitive
! Genitive
| ''sunaur'' || ''suniwā''  
| ''fadъr'' || ''fadra''  
|-
|-
! Dative
! Dative
| ''sunī'' || ''sunuma''  
| ''fadrь'' || ''fadrъmъ''
|}
 
===Verbs===
====Weak====
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center;" width=500px
|+ '''''leufanъ'' 'to love''''
! tense || ''ek'' || ''þū'' || ''ir/sī/it'' || ''wīr'' || ''jūr'' || ''ija''
|-
! present indicative
| ''leufa'' || ''leufasь'' || ''leufaþь'' || ''leufamъ'' || ''leufaþ'' || ''leufanþь''
|-
! present subjunctive
| ''leufa'' || ''leufas'' || ''leufa'' ||  ''leufam'' || ''leufaþ'' || ''leufan''
|-
! past
| ''leufada'' || ''leufadest'' || ''leufade'' || ''leufadedъm'' || ''leufadedъd'' || ''leufadedъn''
|-
! past subjunctive
| ''leufadedi'' || ''leufadedir'' || ''leufadedi'' || ''leufadedim'' || ''leufadedid'' || ''leufadedin''
|-
! imperative
| ''-'' || ''leufa!'' || ''-'' || ''-'' || ''leufaþ!'' || ''-''
|-
!colspan="7"|
|-
! present participle
|colspan="6"| ''leufand''
|-
! past participle
|colspan="6"| ''leufadъ''
|}
 
 
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center;" width=500px
|+ '''''hylinъ'' 'to heal''''
! tense || ''ek'' || ''þū'' || ''ir/sī/it'' || ''wīr'' || ''jūr'' || ''ija''
|-
! present indicative
| ''hylьja'' || ''hylisь'' || ''hyliþь'' || ''hylimъ'' || ''hyliþ'' || ''hylinþь''
|-
! present subjunctive
| ''hylьja'' || ''hylis'' || ''hyli'' ||  ''hylim'' || ''hyliþ'' || ''hylin''
|-
! past
| ''hylida'' || ''hylidest'' || ''hylide'' || ''hylidedъm'' || ''hylidedъd'' || ''hylidedъn''
|-
! past subjunctive
| ''hylidedi'' || ''hylidedir'' || ''hylidedi'' || ''hylidedim'' || ''hylidedid'' || ''hylidedin''
|-
! imperative
| ''-'' || ''hyli!'' || ''-'' || ''-'' || ''hyliþ!'' || ''-''
|-
!colspan="7"|
|-
! present participle
|colspan="6"| ''hylind''
|-
! past participle
|colspan="6"| ''hylidъ''
|}
 
====Strong====
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center;" width=500px
|+ '''''wrītъnъ'' 'to write''''
! tense || ''ek'' || ''þū'' || ''ir/sī/it'' || ''wīr'' || ''jūr'' || ''ija''
|-
! present indicative
| ''wrīta'' || ''wrītьrь'' || ''wrītьdь'' || ''wrītъmъ'' || ''wrītьd'' || ''wrītъndь''
|-
! present subjunctive
| ''wrīta'' || ''wrītyr'' || ''wrīty'' ||  ''wrītym'' || ''wrītyd'' || ''wrītyn''
|-
! past
| ''wryt'' || ''wryst'' || ''wryt'' || ''writъm'' || ''writъd'' || ''writъn''
|-
! past subjunctive
| ''writi'' || ''writir'' || ''writi'' || ''writim'' || ''writid'' || ''writin''
|-
! imperative
| ''-'' || ''wrīt!'' || ''-'' || ''-'' || ''wrītъd!'' || ''-''
|-
!colspan="7"|
|-
! present participle
|colspan="6"| ''wrītъnd''
|-
! past participle
|colspan="6"| ''writъnъ''
|}
 
 
 
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center;" width=500px
|+ '''''keusъnъ'' 'to choose''''
! tense || ''ek'' || ''þū'' || ''ir/sī/it'' || ''wīr'' || ''jūr'' || ''ija''
|-
! present indicative
| ''keusa'' || ''kiusьrь'' || ''kiusьþь'' || ''keusъmъ'' || ''kiusьd'' || ''keusъndь''
|-
! present subjunctive
| ''keusa'' || ''keusyr'' || ''keusy'' ||  ''keusym'' || ''keusyd'' || ''keusyn''
|-
! past
| ''kaus'' || ''kaust'' || ''kaus'' || ''kurъm'' || ''kurъd'' || ''kurъn''
|-
! past subjunctive
| ''kuri'' || ''kurir'' || ''kuri'' || ''kurim'' || ''kurid'' || ''kurin''
|-
! imperative
| ''-'' || ''keus!'' || ''-'' || ''-'' || ''kiusьd!'' || ''-''
|-
!colspan="7"|
|-
! present participle
|colspan="6"| ''keusъnd''
|-
! past participle
|colspan="6"| ''kurъnъ''
|}
 
 
 
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center;" width=500px
|+ '''''bindъnъ'' 'to bind''''
! tense || ''ek'' || ''þū'' || ''ir/sī/it'' || ''wīr'' || ''jūr'' || ''ija''  
|-
|-
! Instrumental
! present indicative
| ''sunū'' || ''sunumi''  
| ''binda'' || ''bindьrь'' || ''bindьþь'' || ''bindъmъ'' || ''bindьd'' || ''bindъndь''
|-
! present subjunctive
| ''binda'' || ''bindyr'' || ''bindy'' ||  ''bindym'' || ''bindyd'' || ''bindyn''
|-
! past I
| ''band'' || ''banst'' || ''band'' || ''bundъm'' || ''bundъd'' || ''bundъn''
|-
! past subjunctive
| ''bundi'' || ''bundir'' || ''bundi'' || ''bundim'' || ''bundid'' || ''bundin''
|-
! imperative
| ''-'' || ''bind!'' || ''-'' || ''-'' || ''bindьd!'' || ''-''
|-
!colspan="7"|
|-
! present participle
|colspan="6"| ''bindъnd''
|-
! past participle
|colspan="6"| ''bundъnъ''
|}
|}
===Adjectives===


==Syntax==
==Syntax==
===Constituent order===
===Constituent order===
If the first constituent of a clause was the subject, it was verb final. Otherwise, the verb followed the first constituent, thus using a V2 word order.
===Noun phrase===
===Noun phrase===
===Verb phrase===
===Verb phrase===
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==Example texts==
==Example texts==
==Schleicher==
Skēpъ auk hrussy
Skēpъ, þat wulla ne hafde, hrussy sāw: ynъ þungъnъ wagnъ teuhъndъ, auk ynъ mauranъ hlostъ, auk ynъ gumъnъ sneumъ berъndъ. Nu sagide skēpъ hrussъmъ: "Herta mir darjьþь sewъndy gumъnъ drīfъndъ hrussy." Þanne sagiden hrussy: "Hauri, skēp! Herta unsь darjьþь þana sewъndъmъ: guma, druhten, ūtъ skēpъs wullai wurkiþь sir warmъnъ klyþъ; auk skēpъ wulla ne hafyþь." Þat hauridъ, flauh skēpъ þurh akrъ.
==Other resources==
==Other resources==
<!-- Example: Word order, qualifiers, determinatives, branching, etc. -->
<!-- Example: Word order, qualifiers, determinatives, branching, etc. -->
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[[Category:{{PAGENAME}}]]
[[Category:{{PAGENAME}}]]
[[Category:Conlangs]]
[[Category:Languages]]
[[Category:Lõis]]
[[Category:Lõis]]
[[Category:Germanic languages]]
IlL
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