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Guide:Features: Difference between revisions
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Small list of various features and examples of natlangs/conlangs that use them | Small list of various features and examples of natlangs/conlangs that use them | ||
==Phonological== | ==Phonological== | ||
===[[Consonants]]=== | ===[[Consonants]]=== | ||
====[[Palatalised]]==== | ====[[Palatalised]]==== | ||
*{{labb|um|link}} | *{{labb|um|link}} | ||
====[[Labialised]]==== | ====[[Labialised]]==== | ||
*{{labb|um|link}} | *{{labb|um|link}} | ||
*{{nabb|ab|link}} | *{{nabb|ab|link}} | ||
*{{labb| | *{{labb|ae|link}} | ||
====[[Geminated]]==== | ====[[Geminated]]==== | ||
*{{labb|um|link}} | *{{labb|um|link}} | ||
*{{nabb|sv|link}} | *{{nabb|sv|link}} | ||
*{{labb|ae|link}} | |||
====[[Aspirated]]==== | ====[[Aspirated]]==== | ||
====[[Pre-nasalised]]==== | ====[[Pre-nasalised]]==== | ||
====[[Syllabic]]==== | ====[[Syllabic]]==== | ||
{{labb|ia|link}} | {{labb|ia|link}} | ||
====[[Ejective]]==== | ====[[Ejective]]==== | ||
{{labb|nv|link}} | {{labb|nv|link}} | ||
====[[Clicks]]==== | ====[[Clicks]]==== | ||
===[[Vowels]]=== | ===[[Vowels]]=== | ||
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*{{labb|ia|link}} | *{{labb|ia|link}} | ||
*{{labb|um|link}} | *{{labb|um|link}} | ||
*{{labb| | *{{labb|ae|link}} | ||
====[[Nasalised]]==== | ====[[Nasalised]]==== | ||
*{{nabb|fr|link}} | *{{nabb|fr|link}} | ||
*{{labb|lp|link}} | *{{labb|lp|link}} | ||
====[[Tonal]]==== | ====[[Tonal]]==== | ||
*{{nabb|zh|link}} | *{{nabb|zh|link}} | ||
==Grammatical== | ==Grammatical== | ||
Grammatical features are features that exist within a language and has been standarized into a grammatical feature which must be stated for the sentence to be grammatical and proper in the speakers ears, if it is optional or not standard it doesn't classify as grammatical. | Grammatical features are features that exist within a language and has been standarized into a grammatical feature which must be stated for the sentence to be grammatical and proper in the speakers ears, if it is optional or not standard it doesn't classify as grammatical. | ||
===[[Linguistics:Morphosyntactic alignment|Morphosyntactic alignment]]=== | ===[[Linguistics:Morphosyntactic alignment|Morphosyntactic alignment]]=== | ||
====Nominative-accusative==== | ====Nominative-accusative==== | ||
*{{labb|bc|link}} | *{{labb|bc|link}} | ||
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====Ergative-absolutive==== | ====Ergative-absolutive==== | ||
*{{labb|ae|link}} | |||
*{{labb|ia|link}} | *{{labb|ia|link}} | ||
====Tripartite==== | ====Tripartite==== | ||
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====Fluid==== | ====Fluid==== | ||
====Direct==== | ====Direct==== | ||
====[[Linguistics:Trigger alignment|Trigger]]==== | ====[[Linguistics:Trigger alignment|Trigger]]==== | ||
===[[Linguistics:Grammatical cases|Cases]]=== | ===[[Linguistics:Grammatical cases|Cases]]=== | ||
====Grammatical==== | ====Grammatical==== | ||
*{{labb|um|link}} | *{{labb|um|link}} | ||
*{{labb| | *{{labb|ae|link}} | ||
====Locational==== | ====Locational==== | ||
*{{labb|ia|link}} | *{{labb|ia|link}} | ||
====Motional to==== | ====Motional to==== | ||
*{{labb|ia|link}} | *{{labb|ia|link}} | ||
====Motional from==== | ====Motional from==== | ||
*{{labb|ia|link}} | *{{labb|ia|link}} | ||
====Motional Via==== | ====Motional Via==== | ||
====Relational==== | ====Relational==== | ||
*{{labb|ae|link}} | |||
====Semantical==== | ====Semantical==== | ||
====Relational==== | ====Relational==== | ||
====State==== | ====State==== | ||
===Definiteness=== | ===Definiteness=== | ||
====Article==== | ====Article==== | ||
*{{labb|kh|link}} | *{{labb|kh|link}} | ||
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*{{labb|um|link}} | *{{labb|um|link}} | ||
*{{nabb|sv|link}} | *{{nabb|sv|link}} | ||
*{{labb| | *{{labb|ae|link}} | ||
====None==== | ====None==== | ||
*{{labb|ia|link}} | *{{labb|ia|link}} | ||
*{{nabb|ru|link}} | *{{nabb|ru|link}} | ||
===[[Linguistics:Grammatical aspect|Aspects]]=== | ===[[Linguistics:Grammatical aspect|Aspects]]=== | ||
====Perfective and imperfective==== | ====Perfective and imperfective==== | ||
*{{nabb|zh|link}} | *{{nabb|zh|link}} | ||
*{{nabb|ru|link}} | *{{nabb|ru|link}} | ||
*{{labb|um|link}} | *{{labb|um|link}} | ||
*{{labb| | *{{labb|ae|link}} | ||
====Inceptive, continuative and terminative==== | ====Inceptive, continuative and terminative==== | ||
*{{labb|um|link}} | *{{labb|um|link}} | ||
*{{labb| | *{{labb|ae|link}} | ||
====Gnomic==== | ====Gnomic==== | ||
*{{labb|ia|link}} | *{{labb|ia|link}} | ||
====Others==== | ====Others==== | ||
*{{labb| | *{{labb|ae|link}} | ||
===[[Linguistics:Grammatical tense|Tenses]]=== | ===[[Linguistics:Grammatical tense|Tenses]]=== | ||
====None==== | ====None==== | ||
*{{nabb|zh|link}} | *{{nabb|zh|link}} | ||
====Past and non-past==== | ====Past and non-past==== | ||
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*{{nabb|sv|link}} | *{{nabb|sv|link}} | ||
*{{labb|um|link}} | *{{labb|um|link}} | ||
*{{labb| | *{{labb|ae|link}} | ||
====Past, recent past, present and future==== | ====Past, recent past, present and future==== | ||
====Past, recent past, present, near future and future==== | ====Past, recent past, present, near future and future==== | ||
====Past, present, near future and distant future==== | ====Past, present, near future and distant future==== | ||
*{{labb|ia|link}} | *{{labb|ia|link}} | ||
===Word order=== | ===Word order=== | ||
====None==== | ====None==== | ||
*{{nabb|wp|link}} | *{{nabb|wp|link}} | ||
====Subject-object-verb==== | ====Subject-object-verb==== | ||
*{{labb|ia|link}} | *{{labb|ia|link}} | ||
*{{labb|um|link}} | *{{labb|um|link}} | ||
*{{labb|ae|link}} | |||
====Subject-verb-object==== | ====Subject-verb-object==== | ||
*{{labb| | *{{labb|ae|link}} | ||
*{{nabb|en|link}} | *{{nabb|en|link}} | ||
*{{nabb|es|link}} | *{{nabb|es|link}} | ||
*{{nabb|sv|link}} | *{{nabb|sv|link}} | ||
====Verb-subject-object==== | ====Verb-subject-object==== | ||
====Object-subject-verb==== | ====Object-subject-verb==== | ||
====Object-verb-subject==== | ====Object-verb-subject==== | ||
====Verb-object-subject==== | ====Verb-object-subject==== | ||
===Number=== | ===Number=== | ||
If its anywhere but "none" singular is always present as well and if it is anywhere but "plural" the plural marker is also always present | If its anywhere but "none" singular is always present as well and if it is anywhere but "plural" the plural marker is also always present as well. | ||
====None==== | ====None==== | ||
*{{labb|ia|link}} | *{{labb|ia|link}} | ||
====Plural==== | ====Plural==== | ||
*{{labb| | *{{labb|ae|link}} | ||
====Paucal==== | ====Paucal==== | ||
*{{labb|um|link}} | *{{labb|um|link}} | ||
====Dual==== | ====Dual==== | ||
*{{labb|nv|link}} | *{{labb|nv|link}} | ||
====Trial==== | ====Trial==== | ||
*{{labb|nv|link}} | *{{labb|nv|link}} | ||
===Possession=== | ===Possession=== | ||
*{{nabb|en|link}} | *{{nabb|en|link}} | ||
*{{nabb|sv|link}} | *{{nabb|sv|link}} | ||
*{{labb| | *{{labb|ae|link}} | ||
====Alienable/inalienable==== | ====Alienable/inalienable==== | ||
*{{labb|um|link}} | *{{labb|um|link}} | ||
*{{labb| | *{{labb|ae|link}} | ||
==Morphological== | ==Morphological== | ||
Morphological features are features that are directly marked and indicated onto the verb, noun or adjective | Morphological features are features that are directly marked and indicated onto the verb, noun or adjective | ||
===Person on verb=== | ===Person on verb=== | ||
====Subject marking==== | ====Subject marking==== | ||
====Object marking==== | ====Object marking==== | ||
====Subject and object marking==== | ====Subject and object marking==== | ||
*{{labb|kl|link}} | *{{labb|kl|link}} | ||
*{{labb|ae|link}} | |||
====Subject or object but not both simultaneously==== | ====Subject or object but not both simultaneously==== | ||
====Subject marking==== | ====Subject marking==== | ||
===Person on adposition=== | ===Person on adposition=== | ||
*{{nabb|ga|link}} | *{{nabb|ga|link}} | ||
*{{labb|um|link}} | *{{labb|um|link}} | ||
*{{nabb|cy|link}} | *{{nabb|cy|link}} | ||
===Cases=== | ===Cases=== | ||
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*{{labb|ia|link}} | *{{labb|ia|link}} | ||
*{{labb|um|link}} | *{{labb|um|link}} | ||
*{{labb| | *{{labb|ae|link}} | ||
===Tenses=== | ===Tenses=== | ||
====Past and non-past==== | ====Past and non-past==== | ||
*{{nabb|en|link}} | *{{nabb|en|link}} | ||
*{{nabb|sv|link}} | *{{nabb|sv|link}} | ||
====Past, present and future==== | ====Past, present and future==== | ||
*{{labb|um|link}} | *{{labb|um|link}} | ||
*{{labb| | *{{labb|ae|link}} | ||
====Past, present, near future and distant future==== | ====Past, present, near future and distant future==== | ||
*{{labb|ia|link}} | *{{labb|ia|link}} | ||
==Vocabulary== | ==Vocabulary== | ||
===Number base=== | ===Number base=== | ||
====Octal==== | ====Octal==== | ||
*[[Kunarek]] | *[[Kunarek]] | ||
====Decimal==== | ====Decimal==== | ||
====Duodecimal==== | ====Duodecimal==== | ||
*{{labb|um|link}} | *{{labb|um|link}} | ||
*{{labb|ae|link}} | |||
====Hexadecimal==== | ====Hexadecimal==== | ||
====Vigesimal==== | ====Vigesimal==== | ||
*{{labb|ia|link}} | *{{labb|ia|link}} | ||
[[Category:Guides]] | [[Category:Guides]] | ||