Hapát Maihivu: Difference between revisions
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''' | '''Hapát Maihivu''' ('our language') is a [[Verse:Tricin/Chunda Capeto|Capetan]] language intended to have a Sami, Latin, and Arabic aesthetic. | ||
TODO: use a more Sami aesthetic | |||
Consonants: /m n p t k s v l r j h/ {{angbr|'''m n p t k s v l r y h'''}} | Consonants: /m n p t k s v l r j h/ {{angbr|'''m n p t k s v l r y h'''}} | ||
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Allowed clusters: /mp mpp nt ntt nk nkk ns nv nj ps ts ks lp lpp lt ltt lk lkk ls lm ln lv lj rp rpp rt rtt rk rkk rs rm rn rv rj hj hv ht/ {{angbr|'''mp mpp nt ntt nk nkk ns nv ny ps ts ks lp lpp lt ltt lk lkk ls lm ln lv ly rp rpp rt rtt rk rkk rs rm rn rv ry hy hv ht'''}} | Allowed clusters: /mp mpp nt ntt nk nkk ns nv nj ps ts ks lp lpp lt ltt lk lkk ls lm ln lv lj rp rpp rt rtt rk rkk rs rm rn rv rj hj hv ht/ {{angbr|'''mp mpp nt ntt nk nkk ns nv ny ps ts ks lp lpp lt ltt lk lkk ls lm ln lv ly rp rpp rt rtt rk rkk rs rm rn rv ry hy hv ht'''}} | ||
1: már | 1: már | ||
2: allu | 2: allu | ||
3: | 3: arvu | ||
4: | 4: issi | ||
5: | 5: úpa | ||
6: | 6: viníri | ||
7: | 7: minku | ||
8: | 8: tahúsa | ||
9: | 9: hilkámu | ||
10: | 10: altuvatut | ||
11: | 11: mártuvatut | ||
12: tuva | 12: tuva | ||
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|- | |- | ||
! |Plosive | ! |Plosive | ||
| '''p''' /p | | '''p''' /p/ | ||
| '''t''' /t | | '''t''' /t/ | ||
| | | | ||
|rowspan="2"|'''k''' /k | |rowspan="2"|'''k''' /k/ | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
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==Morphology== | ==Morphology== | ||
Below, [S] = strong-grade stem, [W] = weak-grade stem. | |||
===Nouns=== | ===Nouns=== | ||
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 440px; text-align: center;" | |||
|- | |||
! colspan="3"| ''luki, luinna'' - human | |||
|- | |||
! !! Singular !! Plural | |||
|- | |||
!|Absolutive | |||
|''[S]''||''[W]-nna'' | |||
|- | |||
!|Ergative | |||
|''[S]-a''||''[W]-ntá'' | |||
|- | |||
!|Genitive | |||
|''[S]-at''||''[W]-ntát'' | |||
|- | |||
!|Dative | |||
|''[S]-r''||''[W]-ntar'' | |||
|- | |||
!|Adessive | |||
|''[W]-tur''||''[W]-nnatur'' | |||
|- | |||
!|Ablative | |||
|''[W]-tut''||''[W]-nnatut'' | |||
|- | |||
!|Inessive | |||
|''[W]-mur''||''[W]-nnamur'' | |||
|- | |||
!|Elative | |||
|''[W]-mut''||''[W]-nnamut'' | |||
|} | |||
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 440px; text-align: center;" | {| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 440px; text-align: center;" | ||
|- | |- | ||
! colspan="3"| | ! colspan="3"| ''luki, luinna'' - human | ||
|- | |- | ||
! !! Singular !! Plural | ! !! Singular !! Plural | ||
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|- | |- | ||
!|Genitive | !|Genitive | ||
|''lukiat''||'' | |''lukiat''||''luintát'' | ||
|- | |||
!|Dative | |||
|''lukir''||''luintar'' | |||
|- | |- | ||
!|Adessive | !|Adessive | ||
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===Verbs=== | ===Verbs=== | ||
nuntakan, nuntaki, nuntat, nuntakapak, nuntakka, nuntakat, nuntakur | |||
{{col-begin}} | {{col-begin}} | ||
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!|2 | !|2 | ||
|[S] + ''-:i'' (''*-íi'' > ''-í'') | |[S] + ''-:i'' (''*-íi'' > ''-í'') | ||
|[S] + ''-: | |[S] + ''-:ka'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
!|3 | !|3 | ||
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{{col-break}} | {{col-break}} | ||
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;" | {| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;" | ||
|+ '' | |+ ''nuntana'' 'to protect' | ||
|- | |- | ||
!style="width: 50px; "| | !style="width: 50px; "| | ||
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|- | |- | ||
!|1 | !|1 | ||
|'' | |''nuntán'' | ||
|'' | |''nuntáva'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
!|2 | !|2 | ||
|'' | |''nuntái'' | ||
|'' | |''nuntáka'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
!|3 | !|3 | ||
|'' | |''nunnat'' | ||
|'' | |''nunnát'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
!|impersonal | !|impersonal | ||
|colspan="2"|'' | |colspan="2"|''nuntár'' | ||
|} | |} | ||
{{col-break}} | {{col-break}} | ||
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!|2 | !|2 | ||
|''sákkí'' | |''sákkí'' | ||
|'' | |''sákkíka'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
!|3 | !|3 | ||
|'' | |''sákit'' | ||
|'' | |''sákiat'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
!|impersonal | !|impersonal | ||
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|} | |} | ||
{{col-end}} | {{col-end}} | ||
Nouns from verbs: ''-vu'' | |||
===Pronouns=== | ===Pronouns=== | ||
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|- | |- | ||
!|Absolutive | !|Absolutive | ||
|'' | |''án'' || ''hí'' || ''hapa'' || ''hakki'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
!|Ergative | !|Ergative | ||
|'' | |''anna'' || ''unna'' || ''hapá'' || ''hakkia'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
!|Genitive | !|Genitive | ||
|''anat'' || ''unat'' || ''hapát'' || '' | |''anat'' || ''unat'' || ''hapát'' || ''hakkiat'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
!|Adessive | !|Adessive | ||
|''antur'' || ''untur'' || ''havatur'' || '' | |''antur'' || ''untur'' || ''havatur'' || ''hakitur'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
!|Ablative | !|Ablative | ||
|''antut'' || ''untut'' || ''havatut'' || '' | |''antut'' || ''untut'' || ''havatut'' || ''hakitut'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
!|Inessive | !|Inessive | ||
|''ammur'' || ''ummur'' || ''havamur'' || '' | |''ammur'' || ''ummur'' || ''havamur'' || ''hakimur'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
!|Elative | !|Elative | ||
|''ammut'' || ''ummut'' || ''havamut'' || '' | |''ammut'' || ''ummut'' || ''havamut'' || ''hakimut'' | ||
|} | |} | ||
3rd person/demonstratives? | |||
==Syntax== | ==Syntax== | ||
Times New Roman is consistently head-final. | Times New Roman is consistently head-final. | ||
:'''''Sákivuat si kirvavuat | :'''''Sákivuat si kirvavuat urkka maihín.'' | ||
:''I speak of love and hate.'' | :''I speak of love and hate.'' | ||
[[Category:Times New Roman]][[Category:Hussmauch]] | :'''''Antur pihtar yanakúi?''''' | ||
:''Are you saving it for me?'' | |||
[[Category:Times New Roman]][[Category:Hussmauch]][[Category:Languages]] |
Revision as of 16:33, 7 January 2020
Hapát Maihivu ('our language') is a Capetan language intended to have a Sami, Latin, and Arabic aesthetic.
TODO: use a more Sami aesthetic
Consonants: /m n p t k s v l r j h/ ⟨m n p t k s v l r y h⟩
Vowels: /a i u aː iː uː/ ⟨a i u á í ú⟩
Allowed geminates: /mm nn pp tt kk ss ll rr/ ⟨mm nn pp tt kk ss ll rr⟩
Allowed clusters: /mp mpp nt ntt nk nkk ns nv nj ps ts ks lp lpp lt ltt lk lkk ls lm ln lv lj rp rpp rt rtt rk rkk rs rm rn rv rj hj hv ht/ ⟨mp mpp nt ntt nk nkk ns nv ny ps ts ks lp lpp lt ltt lk lkk ls lm ln lv ly rp rpp rt rtt rk rkk rs rm rn rv ry hy hv ht⟩
1: már 2: allu 3: arvu 4: issi 5: úpa 6: viníri 7: minku 8: tahúsa 9: hilkámu 10: altuvatut 11: mártuvatut 12: tuva
Phonology
Consonants
Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nasal | m /m/ | n /n/ | ng /ŋ/ | ||
Plosive | p /p/ | t /t/ | k /k/ | ||
Fricative | s /s/ | h /h/ | |||
Approximant | v /ʋ/ | l /l/ | y /j/ | ||
Trill | r /r/ |
Vowels
Front | Central | Back | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
short | long | short | long | short | long | |
Close | i /i/ | í /iː/ | u /u/ | ú /uː/ | ||
Open | a /a/ | á /aː/ |
Gradation
Strong grade | p | t | k | CC | nCC | lCC | rCC | mp | nt | nk | lp | lt | lk | rp | rt | rk |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Weak grade | v | l | Ø | C | nC | lC | rC | mm | nn | ng | lv | ll | ly | rv | rr | ry |
Morphology
Below, [S] = strong-grade stem, [W] = weak-grade stem.
Nouns
luki, luinna - human | ||
---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |
Absolutive | [S] | [W]-nna |
Ergative | [S]-a | [W]-ntá |
Genitive | [S]-at | [W]-ntát |
Dative | [S]-r | [W]-ntar |
Adessive | [W]-tur | [W]-nnatur |
Ablative | [W]-tut | [W]-nnatut |
Inessive | [W]-mur | [W]-nnamur |
Elative | [W]-mut | [W]-nnamut |
luki, luinna - human | ||
---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |
Absolutive | luki | luinna |
Ergative | lukia | luintá |
Genitive | lukiat | luintát |
Dative | lukir | luintar |
Adessive | luitur | luinnatur |
Ablative | luitut | luinnatut |
Inessive | luimur | luinnamur |
Elative | luimut | luinnamut |
Verbs
nuntakan, nuntaki, nuntat, nuntakapak, nuntakka, nuntakat, nuntakur
|
|
|
Nouns from verbs: -vu
Pronouns
1sg | 2sg | 1pl | 2pl | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Absolutive | án | hí | hapa | hakki |
Ergative | anna | unna | hapá | hakkia |
Genitive | anat | unat | hapát | hakkiat |
Adessive | antur | untur | havatur | hakitur |
Ablative | antut | untut | havatut | hakitut |
Inessive | ammur | ummur | havamur | hakimur |
Elative | ammut | ummut | havamut | hakimut |
3rd person/demonstratives?
Syntax
Times New Roman is consistently head-final.
- Sákivuat si kirvavuat urkka maihín.
- I speak of love and hate.
- Antur pihtar yanakúi?
- Are you saving it for me?