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Hapát Maihivu (view source)

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'''Times New Roman''' is an ancient language of Cuadhlabh, intended to have a "dark Elvish" aesthetic (i.e. Finnish + Latin + Arabic).
'''Hapát Maihivu''' ('our language') is a [[Verse:Tricin/Chunda Capeto|Capetan]] language intended to have a Sami, Latin, and Arabic aesthetic.


Consonants: /m n p t k s h v l r j/ {{angbr|'''m n p t k s h v l r y'''}}
TODO: use a more Sami aesthetic
 
Consonants: /m n ŋ p t k s v l r j h/ {{angbr|'''m n ŋ p t k s v l r y h'''}}


Vowels: /a i u aː iː uː/ {{angbr|'''a i u á í ú'''}}
Vowels: /a i u aː iː uː/ {{angbr|'''a i u á í ú'''}}
Line 7: Line 9:
Allowed geminates: /mm nn pp tt kk ss ll rr/ {{angbr|'''mm nn pp tt kk ss ll rr'''}}
Allowed geminates: /mm nn pp tt kk ss ll rr/ {{angbr|'''mm nn pp tt kk ss ll rr'''}}


Allowed clusters: /mp mpp nt ntt nk nkk ns nv nj ps ts ks lp lpp lt ltt lk lkk ls lm ln lv lj rp rpp rt rtt rk rkk rs rm rn rv rj/ {{angbr|'''mp mpp nt ntt nk nkk ns nv ny ps ts ks lp lpp lt ltt lk lkk ls lm ln lv ly rp rpp rt rtt rk rkk rs rm rn rv ry'''}}
Allowed clusters: /mp mpp nt ntt ŋk ŋkk ns nv nj ps ts ks lp lpp lt ltt lk lkk ls lm ln lv lj rp rpp rt rtt rk rkk rs rm rn rv rj hj hv ht/ {{angbr|'''mp mpp nt ntt ŋk ŋkk ns nv ny ps ts ks lp lpp lt ltt lk lkk ls lm ln lv ly rp rpp rt rtt rk rkk rs rm rn rv ry hy hv ht'''}}
 
Allowed word-final consonants: /t n r/


1: már
1: már
2: allu
2: allu
3: tarvuli
3: arvu
4: issili
4: issi
5: úpali
5: úpa
6: vinírili
6: viníri
7: minkúli
7: miŋku
8: tajúsali
8: tahúsa
9: hilkámuli
9: hilkámu
10: altupuvassín
10: altuvatut
11: mártupuvassín
11: mártuvatut
12: tupuva
12: tuva
 
==Phonology==
===Consonants===
 
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style=" text-align:center;"
|+ '''{{PAGENAME}} consonants'''
! |
!  |Labial
!  |Alveolar
!  |Palatal
!  |Velar
!  |Glottal
|-
! |Nasal
| '''m''' /m/
| '''n''' /n/
|
| '''ŋ''' /ŋ/
|
|-
! |Plosive
| '''p''' /p/
| '''t''' /t/
|
|rowspan="2"|'''k''' /k/
|
|-
! |Fricative
|
| '''s''' /s/
|
 
| '''h''' /h/
|-
! |Approximant
| '''v''' /ʋ/
| '''l''' /l/
| '''y''' /j/
|
|
|-
! |Trill
|
| '''r''' /r/
|
|
|
|}
 
===Vowels===
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style=" text-align:center;"
|+ '''Vowel phonemes'''
! rowspan="2" style=""|
! colspan="2" style="" |Front
! colspan="2" style="" |Central
! colspan="2" style="" |Back
|-
!style="width: 45px; "|<small>short</small>
!style="width: 45px; "|<small>long</small>
!style="width: 45px; "|<small>short</small>
!style="width: 45px; "|<small>long</small>
!style="width: 45px; "|<small>short</small>
!style="width: 45px; "|<small>long</small>
|-
! style="" |Close
| '''i''' /i/
| '''í''' /iː/
|
|
| '''u''' /u/
| '''ú''' /uː/
|-
! style="" |Open
|
|
| '''a''' /a/
| '''á''' /aː/
|
|
|}
 
===Gradation===
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style="width: 1000px; text-align: center;"
|-
!Strong grade
|''p''||''t''||''k''||''CC''||''nCC''||''lCC''||''rCC''||''mp''||''nt''||''ŋk''||''lp''||''lt''||''lk''||''rp''||''rt''||''rk''
|-
!Weak grade
|''v''||''l''||''Ø''||''C''||''nC''||''lC''||''rC''||''mm''||''nn''||''ŋŋ''||''lv''||''ll''||''ly''||''rv''||''rr''||''ry''
|}
 
==Morphology==
Below, [S] = strong-grade stem, [W] = weak-grade stem.
===Nouns===
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 440px; text-align: center;"
|-
! colspan="3"| ''luki, luinna'' - human
|-
! !! Singular !! Plural
|-
!|Absolutive
|''[S]''||''[W]-nna''
|-
!|Ergative
|''[S]-a''||''[W]-ntá''
|-
!|Genitive
|''[S]-at''||''[W]-ntát''
|-
!|Dative
|''[S]-r''||''[W]-ntar''
|-
!|Adessive
|''[W]-tur''||''[W]-nnatur''
|-
!|Ablative
|''[W]-tut''||''[W]-nnatut''
|-
!|Inessive
|''[W]-mur''||''[W]-nnamur''
|-
!|Elative
|''[W]-mut''||''[W]-nnamut''
|}
 
 
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 440px; text-align: center;"
|-
! colspan="3"| ''luki, luinna'' - human
|-
! !! Singular !! Plural
|-
!|Absolutive
|''luki''||''luinna''
|-
!|Ergative
|''lukia''||''luintá''
|-
!|Genitive
|''lukiat''||''luintát''
|-
!|Dative
|''lukir''||''luintar''
|-
!|Adessive
|''luitur''||''luinnatur''
|-
!|Ablative
|''luitut''||''luinnatut''
|-
!|Inessive
|''luimur''||''luinnamur''
|-
!|Elative
|''luimut''||''luinnamut''
|}
 
===Verbs===
nuntakan, nuntaki, nuntat, nuntakapak, nuntakka, nuntakat, nuntakur


*pl: -sa
{{col-begin}}
*abs: -0
{{col-break}}
*erg: -a (-á, -ia, -ua)
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;"
*gen: -at
|+ Present tense suffixes
|-
!style="width: 50px; "|
!style="width: 100px; "|Singular
!style="width: 100px; "|Plural
|-
!|1
|[S] + ''-:n''
|[S] + ''-:va''
|-
!|2
|[S] + ''-:i'' (''*-íi'' > ''-í'')
|[S] + ''-:ka''
|-
!|3
|[W] + ''-t''
|[W] + ''-at''
|-
!|impersonal
|colspan="2"|[S] + ''-:r''
|}
{{col-break}}
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;"
|+ ''nuntana'' 'to protect'
|-
!style="width: 50px; "|
!style="width: 100px; "|Singular
!style="width: 100px; "|Plural
|-
!|1
|''nuntán''
|''nuntáva''
|-
!|2
|''nuntái''
|''nuntáka''
|-
!|3
|''nunnat''
|''nunnát''
|-
!|impersonal
|colspan="2"|''nuntár''
|}
{{col-break}}
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;"
|+ ''sákkina'' 'to love'
|-
!style="width: 50px; "|
!style="width: 100px; "|Singular
!style="width: 100px; "|Plural
|-
!|1
|''sákkín''
|''sákkíva''
|-
!|2
|''sákkí''
|''sákkíka''
|-
!|3
|''sákit''
|''sákiat''
|-
!|impersonal
|colspan="2"|''sákkír''
|}
{{col-end}}


Infinitive: ''-na''?
Nouns from verbs: ''-vu''


Personal endings:
===Pronouns===
*1sg: -:n ''nunttán'', ''míntún''
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align: center;"
*2sg: -:i ''nunttái'', ''míntúi''
|+ Declension of personal pronouns
*3sg: -t ''nunttat'', ''míntut''
! !! 1sg !! 2sg || 1pl || 2pl
*1pl: -:pá ''nunttápá'', ''míntúpá''
|-
*2pl: -nká ''nunttanká'', ''míntunká''
!|Absolutive
*3pl: -át ''nunttát'', ''míntuát''
|''án'' || ''hí'' || ''hapa'' || ''hakki''
*imp: -:r ''nunttár'', ''míntúr''
|-
!|Ergative
|''anna'' || ''unna'' || ''hapá'' || ''hakkia''
|-
!|Genitive
|''anat'' || ''unat'' || ''hapát'' || ''hakkiat''
|-
!|Adessive
|''antur'' || ''untur'' || ''havatur'' || ''hakitur''
|-
!|Ablative
|''antut'' || ''untut'' || ''havatut'' || ''hakitut''
|-
!|Inessive
|''ammur'' || ''ummur'' || ''havamur'' || ''hakimur''
|-
!|Elative
|''ammut'' || ''ummut'' || ''havamut'' || ''hakimut''
|}


*''-ain-'' = antipassive?
3rd person/demonstratives?


:'''''Nunttavái! Mi Dong Bin Choi laissukan.'''''
==Syntax==
:[nunt:ava:i | mi tuŋgubi:n sui lais:uxa:t]
Times New Roman is consistently head-final.
:(lit. May you be protected! I am called Dong Bin Choi.)


:'''''Vainkataramaná ísarvi uksat.'''''
:'''''Sákivuat si kirvavuat urkka maihín.''
:V.-ERG paste-ABS eat-3SG.SBJ
:''I speak of love and hate.''
:''Venkataramana eats paste.''


:'''''Vainkataramana uksat.'''''
:'''''Antur pihtar yanakúi?'''''
:V.-ABS eat-3SG.SBJ
:''Are you saving it for me?''
:''Venkataramana eats.''


[[Category:Times New Roman]][[Category:Hussmauch]]
[[Category:Times New Roman]][[Category:Hussmauch]][[Category:Languages]]
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