39,445
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Hemaluan: Difference between revisions
→Orthography
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|+ Kana | |+ Kana | ||
|- | |- | ||
! ア !! イ !! ウ !! エ !! オ !! | ! ア !! イ !! ウ !! エ !! オ !! ン !! ー !! ヽ !! 〱 !! 々 | ||
|- | |- | ||
| /a/ || /i/ || /u,ɨ,wɨ/ || /e,je/ || /o,ə/ | | /a/ || /i/ || /u,ɨ,wɨ/ || /e,je/ || /o,ə/ || /n,l,ŋ/ || /Vː/ || infix marker || partial redup. || full redup. | ||
|- | |- | ||
! カ !! キ !! ク !! ケ !! コ !! ガ !! ギ !! グ !! ゲ !! ゴ | ! カ !! キ !! ク !! ケ !! コ !! ガ !! ギ !! グ !! ゲ !! ゴ | ||
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! サ !! シ !! ス !! セ !! ソ !! シャ !! !! シュ !! シェ !! ショ | ! サ !! シ !! ス !! セ !! ソ !! シャ !! !! シュ !! シェ !! ショ | ||
|- | |- | ||
| /sa/ || /si,ʃi/ || /su,sɨ,s/ || /se/ || /so,sə/ || /ʃa/ || || /ʃu,ʃɨ | | /sa/ || /si,ʃi,ʃ/ || /su,sɨ,s/ || /se/ || /so,sə/ || /ʃa/ || || /ʃu,ʃɨ/ || /ʃe/ || /ʃo,ʃə/ | ||
|- | |- | ||
! タ !! チ !! ツ !! テ !! ト !! ダ !! | ! タ !! チ !! ツ !! テ !! ト !! ダ !! ジ !! ズ !! デ !! ド | ||
|- | |- | ||
| /ta/ || /ti,t͡ʃi/ || /tu,tɨ,t/ || /te/ || /to,tə/ || /da/ || /di,d͡ʒi/ || /du,dɨ,d/ || /de/ || /do,də/ | | /ta/ || /ti,t͡ʃi/ || /tu,tɨ,t/ || /te/ || /to,tə/ || /da/ || /di,d͡ʒi,d͡ʒ/ || /du,dɨ,d/ || /de/ || /do,də/ | ||
|- | |- | ||
! チャ !! チュ !! チェ !! チョ !! | ! チャ !! !! チュ !! チェ !! チョ !! ジャ !! !! ジュ !! ジェ !! ジョ | ||
|- | |- | ||
| /t͡ʃa/ || || /t͡ʃu,t͡ʃɨ,t͡ʃ/ || /t͡ʃe/ || /t͡ʃo,t͡ʃə/ || /d͡ʒa/ || || /d͡ʒu,d͡ʒɨ | | /t͡ʃa/ || || /t͡ʃu,t͡ʃɨ,t͡ʃ/ || /t͡ʃe/ || /t͡ʃo,t͡ʃə/ || /d͡ʒa/ || || /d͡ʒu,d͡ʒɨ/ || /d͡ʒe/ || /d͡ʒo,d͡ʒə/ | ||
|- | |- | ||
! ナ !! ニ !! ヌ !! ネ !! ノ !! | ! ナ !! ニ !! ヌ !! ネ !! ノ !! ニャ !! !! ニュ !! ニェ !! ニョ | ||
|- | |- | ||
| /na,la/ || /ni,ɲi,li/ || /nu,nɨ,lu,lɨ/ || /ne,le/ || /no,lo,nə,lə/ || / | | /na,la/ || /ni,ɲi,li/ || /nu,nɨ,lu,lɨ/ || /ne,le/ || /no,lo,nə,lə/ || /ɲa/ || || /ɲu,ɲɨ/ || /ɲe/ || /ɲo/ | ||
|- | |- | ||
! ハ !! ヒ !! フ !! ヘ !! ホ !! マ !! ミ !! ム !! メ !! モ | ! ハ !! ヒ !! フ !! ヘ !! ホ !! マ !! ミ !! ム !! メ !! モ | ||
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| /ja/ || || /ju,jɨ/ || || /jo,jə/ || /wa/ || /wi/ || || /we/ || /wo,wə/ | | /ja/ || || /ju,jɨ/ || || /jo,jə/ || /wa/ || /wi/ || || /we/ || /wo,wə/ | ||
|- | |- | ||
! ラ !! リ !! ル !! レ !! ロ | ! ラ !! リ !! ル !! レ !! ロ !! カ゚ !! キ゚ !! ク゚ !! ケ゚ !! レ゚ | ||
|- | |- | ||
| /ra/ || /ri/ || /ru,rɨ,r/ || /re/ || /ro,rə/ | | /ra/ || /ri/ || /ru,rɨ,r/ || /re/ || /ro,rə/ || /ŋa/ || /ŋi/ || /ŋu,ŋɨ/ || /ŋe/ || /ŋo,ŋə/ | ||
|} | |} | ||
*⟨ヽ⟩ is only used when the infixee is written with Kanji. | |||
And is romanized as follows: | And is romanized as follows: | ||
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==Phonology== | ==Phonology== | ||
===Consonants=== | ===Consonants=== | ||
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" | |||
|+ Consonants | |||
|- | |||
! !! colspan="2" | [[w:Labial consonant|Labial]] !! colspan="2" | [[w:Alveolar consonant|Alveolar]] !! colspan="2" | [[w:Palatal consonant|Palatal]] !! colspan="2" | [[w:Velar consonant|Velar]] | |||
|- | |||
! [[w:Nasal consonant|Nasal]] | |||
| colspan="2" | [[w:Voiced bilabial nasal|m]] || colspan="2" | [[w:Voiced alveolar nasal|n]] || colspan="2" | [[w:Voiced palatal nasal|ɲ]] || colspan="2" | [[w:Voiced velar nasal|ŋ]] | |||
|- | |||
! [[w:Stop consonant|Stop]] | |||
| || [[w:Voiced bilabial stop|b]] || [[w:Voiceless alveolar stop|t]] || [[w:Voiced alveolar stop|d]] || [[w:Voiceless postalveolar affricate|t͡ʃ]] || [[w:Voiced postalveolar affricate|d͡ʒ]] || [[w:Voiceless velar stop|k]] || [[w:Voiced velar stop|g]] | |||
|- | |||
! [[w:Fricative consonant|Fricative]] | |||
| colspan="2" | || [[w:Voiceless alveolar fricative|s]] || || [[w:Voiceless postalveolar fricative|ʃ]] || || [[w:Voiceless glottal fricative|h]] | |||
|- | |||
! [[w:Approximant|Approximant]] | |||
| colspan="2" | [[w:Voiced labial–velar approximant|w]] || colspan="2" | [[w:Voiced alveolar lateral approximant|l]] || colspan="2" | [[w:Voiced palatal approximant|j]] | |||
|- | |||
! [[w:Tap and flap consonants|Tap]] | |||
| colspan="2" | || colspan="2" | [[w:Voiced alveolar tap|ɾ]] | |||
|} | |||
*/n/ is realized as [l] intervocalically. | |||
===Vowels=== | ===Vowels=== | ||
{|class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" | |||
|+ Vowels | |||
|- | |||
! !! [[w:Front vowel|Front]] !! [[w:Central vowel|Central]] !! [[w:Back vowel|Back]] | |||
|- | |||
! [[w:Close vowel|High]] | |||
| [[w:Close front unrounded vowel|i]] iː || [[w:Close central unrounded vowel|ɨ]] ɨː || [[w:Close back rounded vowel|u]] uː | |||
|- | |||
! [[w:Close-mid vowel|Close-mid]] | |||
| [[w:Close-mid front unrounded vowel|e]] eː || [[w:Mid central vowel|ə]] əː || [[w:Close-mid back rounded vowel|o]] oː | |||
|- | |||
! [[w:Open vowel|Low]] | |||
| || [[w:Open front unrounded vowel|a]] aː | |||
|} | |||
===Prosody=== | ===Prosody=== | ||
Words bear final stress. | Words bear final stress. | ||