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Hibuese: Difference between revisions
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Due to the nominal nature of all of these words, there is a need to briefly distinguish the deictic ''hi-'' series from the locative ''lu-'' series. The former series 'points' towards a specific referent, often accompanied by physical pointing. The latter series does not and may indicate any entity in the specified location. | Due to the nominal nature of all of these words, there is a need to briefly distinguish the deictic ''hi-'' series from the locative ''lu-'' series. The former series 'points' towards a specific referent, often accompanied by physical pointing. The latter series does not and may indicate any entity in the specified location. | ||
: | : '''''<span style="color:blue">Hina</span> i zwida.''''' | ||
: {{interlinear|abbreviations=E:entity (thing or person that is ...); A:agent (thing or person that does ...) | |||
|hi-na i zwida | |||
| | |DEM.E-1S COP important.E | ||
| | |This (by me) is important.}} | ||
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: | : '''''<span style="color:blue">Luna</span> i zwida.''''' | ||
: {{interlinear|abbreviations=E:entity (thing or person that is ...); A:agent (thing or person that does ...) | |||
|lu-na i zwida | |||
| | |located.E-1S COP important.E | ||
| | |Something here (by me) is important.}} | ||
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When referring to the something that is close to both speaker and listener (such as a house that both are inside), politeness generally dictates that the second person is used as the reference point. Using oneself as the reference point (replacing ''hiwa'' in the following example with ''hina'') indicates that the speaker considers him or herself of a higher rank than the listener. | When referring to the something that is close to both speaker and listener (such as a house that both are inside), politeness generally dictates that the second person is used as the reference point. Using oneself as the reference point (replacing ''hiwa'' in the following example with ''hina'') indicates that the speaker considers him or herself of a higher rank than the listener. | ||
: | : '''''<span style="color:blue">Hiwa</span> mba i ba bazili.''''' | ||
: {{interlinear|abbreviations=E:entity (thing or person that is ...); A:agent (thing or person that does ...) | |||
|hi-wa mba i ba bazili | |||
| | |DEM.E-2S COP extreme.E old.E | ||
| | |This house (by me) is very old.}} | ||
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===Particles=== | ===Particles=== | ||