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Iliaqu: Difference between revisions
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::{| cellpadding="2" | ::{| cellpadding="2" | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''masa''' || '''xua''' || ''' | | '''masa''' || '''xua''' || '''xa''' || '''buja''' || '''{{color|MediumBlue|g-una}}''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| be.snake || LOC.3S.DEF.INAN || be. | | be.snake || LOC.3S.DEF.INAN || be.inside || be.boot || COP-POS.1S.ACS | ||
|- | |- | ||
| "be a snake" || "at the thing which" || "be | | "be a snake" || "at the thing which" || "be inside" || "be a boot" || "be mine" | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="5" | ''There's a snake in {{color|MediumBlue|my}} boot.'' — '''muja''' [ACS/SUB] | | colspan="5" | ''There's a snake in {{color|MediumBlue|my}} boot.'' — '''muja''' [ACS/SUB] | ||
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::{| cellpadding="2" | ::{| cellpadding="2" | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''masa''' || '''xua''' || ''' | | '''masa''' || '''xua''' || '''xa''' || '''buja''' || '''{{color|MediumBlue|una}}''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| be.snake || LOC.3S.DEF.INAN || be. | | be.snake || LOC.3S.DEF.INAN || be.inside || be.boot || POS.1S.ACS | ||
|- | |- | ||
| "be a snake" || "at the thing which" || "be | | "be a snake" || "at the thing which" || "be inside" || "be a boot" || "my" | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="5" | ''There's a snake in the boot {{color|MediumBlue| and it's mine}}.'' / ''{{color|MediumBlue|I own}} a snake which is in the boot. — '''muja''' [ACS/SUB] | | colspan="5" | ''There's a snake in the boot {{color|MediumBlue| and it's mine}}.'' / ''{{color|MediumBlue|I own}} a snake which is in the boot. — '''muja''' [ACS/SUB] | ||
|} | |} | ||
In the second sentence, the lack of the copula on '''une''' indicates that it represents an argument of the predicate ('''masa''' 'there is a snake'), meaning that it is the snake which belongs to the speaker, not the boot. The word order, placing the unadorned possessive argument ('''une''') after the much heavier locative argument ('''xua | In the second sentence, the lack of the copula on '''une''' indicates that it represents an argument of the predicate ('''masa''' 'there is a snake'), meaning that it is the snake which belongs to the speaker, not the boot. The word order, placing the unadorned possessive argument ('''une''') after the much heavier locative argument ('''xua xa buja''') is heavily marked, placing focus on the fact that the snake is the speaker's legal possession. | ||
Because of the law in Qu, according to which only ''muja'' (initiated men) are recognised as the legal ''owners'' of things (including slaves). In the underground humanist community, ''ataiva'', the possessive case may sometimes be applied to non-''muja'' as well, but it is also very common for ''ataiva'' to avoid the possessive case entirely in favour of the genitive case. | Because of the law in Qu, according to which only ''muja'' (initiated men) are recognised as the legal ''owners'' of things (including slaves). In the underground humanist community, ''ataiva'', the possessive case may sometimes be applied to non-''muja'' as well, but it is also very common for ''ataiva'' to avoid the possessive case entirely in favour of the genitive case. | ||