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'''Ilithian''' (''gľauďhišká dažwá'' /ˈʝʎou̯ɟʱɪʃkaː ˈdaʒvaː/) is a classical IE language in [[Verse:Avišvijá]], inspired by Czech, Sanskrit, Greek, and Proto-Celtic. It shares satemization and the ruki law with Indo-Iranian and Balto-Slavic.


{{Infobox language
Lots of compounding as in Sanskrit; sandhi?
|creator = [[User:IlL|IlL]]
|name = {{PAGENAME}}
|image =
|setting = [[Verse:Unbegotten]]
|nativename =
|pronunciation =
|region =
|states =
|speakers =
|date =
|familycolor=Indo-European
|fam1=Indo-European
|script={{PAGENAME}} script
}}


Placeholder for [[Verse:Unbegotten]] classical language in Russia and Central Asia. It is the liturgical language of (a kind of) Buddhism. It is inspired by Czech, Sanskrit and Proto-Celtic.
==Phonology==
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|-
!colspan="2"| → PoA<br/>↓ Manner!! Labial !! Dental/Alveolar !! Postalveolar !! Palatal !! Velar !! Glottal
|-
!colspan="2"|Nasal
| '''m''' /m/
| '''n''' /n/
|
| '''ň, ni''' /ɲ/
| '''ŋ''' /ŋ/
|
|-
!rowspan="3"|Plosive
!<small>tenuis</small>
| '''p''' /p/
| '''t''' /t/
| '''č''' /tʃ/
| '''ť''' /c/
| '''k''' /k/
|
|-
!<small>voiced</small>
| '''b''' /b/
| '''d''' /d/
| '''dž''' /dʒ/
| '''ď''' /ɟ/
|
|
|-
!<small>breathy</small>
| '''bh''' /bʱ/
| '''dh''' /dʱ/
| '''džh''' /dʒʱ/
| '''ďh, dhi''' /ɟʱ/
|
|
|-
!rowspan="2"|Fricative
!<small>unvoiced</small>
| [f]
| '''s''' /s/
| '''š''' /ʃ/ || [ç] || '''ch''' /x/ ||
|-
!<small>voiced</small>
| '''v''' /v/
| || '''ž''' /ʒ/ || '''g''' /j~ʝ/ ||  || '''h''' /ɦ/
|-
!colspan="2"| Liquid
|
| '''l''' /l/, '''r''' /r/
| '''ř''' /(Czech ř)/
| '''ľ''' /ʎ/
|
|
|}


gájati = to sing
Consonants: identical to Czech (add ľ bh dh džh ďh, but h < gh), but j = [ʝ~ç]. No Auslautverhärtung.


tři, tér, tří = 3
Vowels: a e i u á é j ú ů eg au ág áu, acute = long vowel (u, ú, ů, ou, áu = u, ʉː, uː, ɔw, aːw), l ĺ r ŕ = syllabic liquids


četur, četér, četura = 4
PIE oey > eg


rýž = king
Pitch accent: Proto-Slavic style?


==Phonology==
Palatals come from iotation or k g before e i (like PSlavic)
Consonants: identical to Czech (add bh dh džh ďh, but h < gh), but -ḥ = [x]


Vowels: a e i u á é í/ý ú/ů ej ou áj áu
initial e- > je-


Pitch accent: Proto-Slavic style?
ē, eh1 > ý, iH > í
 
How far to take e > a? (It helps that Czech is one of the less palatalizing Slavic languages)


Palatals come from iotation or k g before e i (like PSlavic)?
all é > ý in the "Prakrit", ý from older long e causes "second palatalization", ý from Classical Ilithian é causes "third palatalization"


initial e- > je-
mjs, mjnes- 'month'


ē, eh1 > ý, iH > í
ja > je?
=== Iotation ===
k g h t d dh p b bh v m n l r s > CL+č CL+dž CL+džh CL+ť CL+ď CL+ďh pg bg bhg wg mň CL+ň CL+ľ CL+ř CL+š


all é > ý in the "Prakrit", ý from older long e causes "second palatalization", ý from Czechmate é causes "third palatalization"
This occurs after laryngeals vocalize. Sometimes iotation causes compensatory lengthening ("CL") of the vowel before the iotated consonant: ''*bʰh₂nyoh₂'' 'I shine' > ''*bʰanjō'' > ''*bʰāňō'' > CIlith ''bháňů'' 'I explain, I state'.


==Nouns==
==Nouns==
TODO: Dual
Literary Ilithian nouns and adjectives are extremely conservative in that they retain all 8 PIE cases and the dual number (like Sanskrit). However, a lot of analogical leveling between noun paradigms has taken place.
=== o-stems ===
=== o-stems ===
{|class=wikitable style=text-align:center
{|class=wikitable style=text-align:center
Line 51: Line 92:
! colspan=3| ''vrk'' (m.) = wolf
! colspan=3| ''vrk'' (m.) = wolf
! colspan=3| ''loušná'' (f.) = moon, month
! colspan=3| ''loušná'' (f.) = moon, month
! colspan=3| ''oušta'' (n.) = mouth
! colspan=3| ''důra'' (n.) = gift
|-
|-
!
!
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|align="right"|'''Nominative'''
|align="right"|'''Nominative'''
|''vrk''||''vrků''||''vrké''
|''vrk''||''vrků''||''vrké''
|''loušná''||''loušné''||''loušnaḥ''
|''loušná''||''loušné''||''loušnech''
|''oušta''||''oušté'' || ''ouštání''
|''důra''||''důré'' || ''důrá''
|-
|-
|align="right"|'''Genitive'''
|align="right"|'''Genitive'''
|''vrkaš''|| ''vrkou'' ||''vrkou''
|''vrkaš''|| ''vrkáu'' ||''vrkou''
|''loušnaḥ''|| ''loušnou'' ||''loušnou''
|''loušnech''|| ''loušnáu'' ||''loušnou''
|''ouštaš''|| ''ouštou'' ||''ouštou''
|''důraš''|| ''důráu'' ||''důrou''
|-
|-
|align="right" |'''Dative'''
|align="right" |'''Dative'''
|''vrkej'' ||''vrkama''  ||''vrkam''
|''vrkej'' ||''vrkabhou''  ||''vrkabh''
|''loušnáj'' ||''loušnáma'' ||''loušnám''
|''loušnáj'' ||''loušnábhou'' ||''loušnábh''
|''ouštej'' ||''ouštama'' ||''ouštam''
|''důrej'' ||''důrabhou'' ||''důrabh''
|-
|-
|align="right"|'''Accusative'''
|align="right"|'''Accusative'''
|''vrka'' ||''vrků''||''vrkouḥ''
|''vrka'' ||''vrků''||''vrkouch''
|''loušnou''||''loušné'' ||''loušnaḥ''
|''loušnou''||''loušné'' ||''loušnouch''
|''oušta''||''oušté'' ||''ouštání''
|''důra''||''důré'' ||''důrá''
|-
|-
|align="right"|'''Ablative'''
|align="right"|'''Ablative'''
|''vrkáḥ'' ||''vrkama''  ||''vrkam''
|''vrkách'' ||''vrkabhou''  ||''vrkabh''
|''loušnáḥ'' ||''loušnáma'' ||''loušnám''
|''loušnách'' ||''loušnábhou'' ||''loušnábh''
|''ouštáḥ'' ||''ouštama'' ||''ouštam''
|''důrách'' ||''důrabhou'' ||''důrabh''
|-
|-
|align="right"|'''Instrumental'''
|align="right"|'''Instrumental'''
|''vrký'' ||''vrkama''  ||''vrkéḥ''
|''vrký'' ||''vrkabhí''  ||''vrkéch''
|''loušnajá'' ||''loušnáma'' ||''loušnámi''
|''loušnajá'' ||''loušnábhí'' ||''loušnábhi''
|''ouštý'' || ''ouštama'' ||''ouštéḥ''
|''důrý'' || ''důrabhí'' ||''důréch''
|-
|-
|align="right" |'''Locative'''
|align="right" |'''Locative'''
|''vrké'' || ''vrkou'' ||''vrkéš''
|''vrké'' || ''vrkáu'' ||''vrkéš''
|''loušné''||''loušnou''  ||''loušnáš''
|''loušné''||''loušnáu''  ||''loušnáš''
|''oušté'' || ''ouštou'' ||''ouštéš''
|''důré'' || ''důráu'' ||''důréš''
|-
|-
|align="right" |'''Vocative'''
|align="right" |'''Vocative'''
|''vrče!'' ||''vrků!''  ||''vrké!''
|''vrče!'' ||''vrků!''  ||''vrké!''
|''loušna!'' || ''loušné!''||''loušnáḥ!''
|''loušna!'' || ''loušné!''||''loušnech!''
|''oušte!'' || ''oušté!'' ||''ouštání!''
|''důre!'' || ''důré!'' ||''důrá!''
|}
|}


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|align="right"|'''Nominative'''
|align="right"|'''Nominative'''
|''ageň'' ||''agňů''||''agňé''
|''ageň'' ||''agňů''||''agňé''
|''mať'' ||''maťé'' ||''maťaḥ''
|''mať'' ||''maťé'' ||''matěch''
|''mař'' ||''mařé'' || ''maříní''
|''mař'' ||''mařé'' || ''maří''
|-
|align="right"|'''Genitive'''
|''agňéš'' || ''agňáu''  ||''agňou''
|''matěch'' || ''maťáu'' ||''maťou''
|''mařéš'' || ''mařáu'' ||''mařou''
|-
|align="right" |'''Dative'''
|''agněj'' || ''agněbhou'' ||''agněbh''
|''maťáj'' || ''matěbhou'' ||''matěbh''
|''mařej'' || ''mařebhou'' ||''mařebh''
|-
|align="right"|'''Accusative'''
|''agni'' || ''agňů'' ||''agních''
|''mati'' || ''maťé'' || ''matích''
|''mař'' || ''mařé'' ||''maří''
|-
|align="right"|'''Ablative'''
|''agňéch'' || ''agněbhou'' ||''agněbh''
|''maťéch'' || ''matěbhou'' ||''matěbh''
|''mařéch'' || ''mařebhou'' ||''mařebh''
|-
|align="right"|'''Instrumental'''
|''agní'' || ''agněbhí'' ||''agňéch''
|''matijá'' || ''matěbhí'' ||''matěbhi''
|''maří'' || ''mařebhí'' || ''mařéch''
|-
|align="right" |'''Locative'''
|''agňé'' || ''agňáu'' ||''agníš''
|''maťé'' || ''maťáu'' ||''matíš''
|''mařé'' || ''mařáu'' ||''maříš''
|-
|align="right" |'''Vocative'''
|''agně!'' || ''agňů!'' ||''agňé!''
|''mati!'' || ''maťé!'' ||''matěch!''
|''maře!'' || ''mařé!'' ||''maří!''
|}
 
=== Feminines in ''-í'' ===
{|class=wikitable style=text-align:center
|-
!
! colspan=3| ''patní'' (f.) = wife
|-
!
!singular
!dual
!plural
|-
|align="right"|'''Nominative'''
|''patní'' ||''patnijé''||''patních''
|-
|-
|align="right"|'''Genitive'''
|align="right"|'''Genitive'''
|''agňéš'' || ''agňou''  ||''agňou''
|''patních'' || ''patnijáu''  ||''patnijou''
|''maťéḥ'' || ''maťou'' ||''maťou''
|''mařéš'' || ''mařou'' ||''mařou''
|-
|-
|align="right" |'''Dative'''
|align="right" |'''Dative'''
|''agňej'' || ''agňéma'' ||''agňém''
|''patní'' || ''patníbhou'' ||''patníbh''
|''maťáj'' || ''maťéma'' ||''maťém''
|''mařej'' || ''mařéma'' ||''mařém''
|-
|-
|align="right"|'''Accusative'''
|align="right"|'''Accusative'''
|''agni'' || ''agňů'' ||''agníḥ''
|''patní'' || ''patnijé'' ||''patních''
|''mati'' || ''maťé'' || ''matíḥ''
|''mař'' || ''mařé'' ||''maříní''
|-
|-
|align="right"|'''Ablative'''
|align="right"|'''Ablative'''
|''agňéḥ'' || ''agňéma'' ||''agňém''
|''patních'' || ''patníbhou'' ||''patníbh''
|''maťéḥ'' || ''maťéma'' ||''maťém''
|''mařéḥ'' || ''mařéma'' ||''mařém''
|-
|-
|align="right"|'''Instrumental'''
|align="right"|'''Instrumental'''
|''agní'' || ''agňéma'' ||''agňémi''
|''patnijá'' || ''patníbhí'' ||''patníbhi''
|''matijá'' || ''maťéma'' ||''maťémi''
|''maří'' || ''mařéma'' || ''mařémi''
|-
|-
|align="right" |'''Locative'''
|align="right" |'''Locative'''
|''agňé'' || ''agňou'' ||''agníš''
|''patnijé'' || ''patnijáu'' ||''patníš''
|''maťé'' || ''maťou'' ||''matíš''
|''mařé'' || ''mařou'' ||''maříš''
|-
|-
|align="right" |'''Vocative'''
|align="right" |'''Vocative'''
|''agňe!'' || ''agňů!'' ||''agňé!''
|''patní!'' || ''patnijé!'' ||''patních!''
|''maťi!'' || ''maťé!'' ||''maťaḥ!''
|''maře!'' || ''mařé!'' ||''maříní!''
|}
|}


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|-
|-
!
!
! colspan=3| ''výju'' (m.) = wind
! colspan=3| ''avýju'' (m.) = wind
! colspan=3| ''džouštú'' (f.) = meat
! colspan=3| ''žouštú'' (f.) = meat
! colspan=3| ''medhu'' (n.) = honey
! colspan=3| ''medhu'' (n.) = honey
|-
|-
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|-
|-
|align="right"|'''Nominative'''
|align="right"|'''Nominative'''
|''výju'' || ''výjavů'' ||''výjavé''
|''avýju'' || ''avýjavů'' ||''avýjavé''
|''džouštú'' || ''džoustavé'' ||''džouštavaḥ''
|''žouštú'' || ''žoustavé'' ||''žouštavech''
|''medhu'' || ''medhavé'' || ''medhúní''
|''medhu'' || ''medhavé'' || ''medhú''
|-
|-
|align="right"|'''Genitive'''
|align="right"|'''Genitive'''
|''výjouš'' || ''výjavou'' ||''výjavou''
|''avýjouš'' || ''avýjaváu'' ||''avýjavou''
|''džouštouḥ'' || ''džouštavou'' ||''džouštavou''
|''žouštouch'' || ''žouštaváu'' ||''žouštavou''
|''medhouš'' || ''medhavou'' ||''medhavou''
|''medhouš'' || ''medhaváu'' ||''medhavou''
|-
|-
|align="right" |'''Dative'''
|align="right" |'''Dative'''
|''výjavej'' || ''výjuma'' ||''výjum''
|''avýjavej'' || ''avýjubhou'' ||''avýjubh''
|''džouštaváj'' || ''džouštuma'' ||''džouštum''
|''žouštaváj'' || ''žouštubhou'' ||''žouštubh''
|''medhavej'' || ''medhuma'' ||''medhum''
|''medhavej'' || ''medhubhou'' ||''medhubh''
|-
|-
|align="right"|'''Accusative'''
|align="right"|'''Accusative'''
|''výjú'' || ''výjavů'' ||''výjúḥ''
|''avýjú'' || ''avýjavů'' ||''avýjúch''
|''džouštú'' || ''džouštavé'' ||''džouštúḥ''
|''žouštú'' || ''žouštavé'' ||''žouštúch''
|''medhu'' || ''medhavé'' ||''medhúní''
|''medhu'' || ''medhavé'' ||''medhú''
|-
|-
|align="right"|'''Ablative'''
|align="right"|'''Ablative'''
|''výjouḥ'' || ''výjuma'' ||''výjum''
|''avýjouch'' || ''avýjubhí'' ||''avýjubh''
|''džouštouḥ'' || ''džouštuma'' ||''džouštum''
|''žouštouch'' || ''žouštubhí'' ||''žouštubh''
|''medhouḥ'' || ''medhuma'' ||''medhum''
|''medhouch'' || ''medhubhí'' ||''medhubh''
|-
|-
|align="right"|'''Instrumental'''
|align="right"|'''Instrumental'''
|''výjú'' || ''výjuma'' ||''výjumi''
|''avýjú'' || ''avýjubhí'' ||''avýjubhi''
|''džouštujá'' || ''džouštuma'' ||''džouštumi''
|''žouštujá'' || ''žouštubhí'' ||''žouštubhi''
|''medhú'' || ''medhuma'' ||''medhumi''
|''medhú'' || ''medhubhí'' ||''medhubhi''
|-
|-
|align="right" |'''Locative'''
|align="right" |'''Locative'''
|''výjáu'' || ''výjavou'' ||''výjúš''
|''avýjáu, avýjavi'' || ''avýjaváu'' ||''avýjúš''
|''džouštáu'' || ''džouštavou'' ||''džouštúš''
|''žouštáu, žouštavi'' || ''žouštaváu'' ||''žouštúš''
|''medháu'' || ''medhavou'' ||''medhúš''
|''medháu, medhavi'' || ''medhaváu'' ||''medhúš''
|-
|-
|align="right" |'''Vocative'''
|align="right" |'''Vocative'''
|''výjou!'' || ''výjavů!'' ||''výjavé!''
|''avýjou!'' || ''avýjavů!'' ||''avýjavé!''
|''džouštou!'' || ''džouštavé!'' ||''džoustavaḥ!''
|''žouštou!'' || ''žouštavé!'' ||''goustavech!''
|''medhou!'' || ''medhavé!'' ||''medhúní!''
|''medhou!'' || ''medhavé!'' ||''medhú!''
|}
|}


=== n-stems ===
=== n-stems ===
=== Irregular nouns ===
{|class=wikitable style=text-align:center
{|class=wikitable style=text-align:center
|-
|-
!
!
! colspan=3| ''vnůman'' (n.) = name
! colspan=3| ''žmů'' (m.) = human
|-
|-
!
!
Line 237: Line 315:
|-
|-
|align="right"|'''Nominative'''
|align="right"|'''Nominative'''
|''vnůman''||''vnůmné''||''vnůmná''
|''žmů''||''žmenů''||''žmené''
|-
|-
|align="right"|'''Genitive'''
|align="right"|'''Genitive'''
|''vnůmnaš''|| ''vnůmnou'' ||''vnůmnou''
|''žmenaš''|| ''žmenáu'' ||''žmenou''
|-
|-
|align="right" |'''Dative'''
|align="right" |'''Dative'''
|''vnůmnej'' ||''vnůmnama''  ||''vnůmnam''
|''žmenej'' ||''žmenabhou''  ||''žmenabh''
|-
|-
|align="right"|'''Accusative'''
|align="right"|'''Accusative'''
|''vnůman'' ||''vnůmné''||''vnůmná''
|''žmena'' ||''žmenů''||''žmenech''
|-
|-
|align="right"|'''Ablative'''
|align="right"|'''Ablative'''
|''vnůmnáḥ'' ||''vnůmnama''  ||''vnůmnami''
|''žmenách'' ||''žmenabhou''  ||''žmenabh''
|-
|-
|align="right"|'''Instrumental'''
|align="right"|'''Instrumental'''
|''vnůmný'' ||''vnůmné''  ||''vnůmná''
|''žmený'' ||''žmenabhí''  ||''žmenéch''
|-
|-
|align="right" |'''Locative'''
|align="right" |'''Locative'''
|''vnůmni, vnůmné'' || ''vnůmnou'' ||''vnůmnaš''
|''žmeni, žmené'' || ''žmenáu'' ||''žmenaš''
|-
|-
|align="right" |'''Vocative'''
|align="right" |'''Vocative'''
|''vnůman!'' ||''vnůmné!''  ||''vnůmná!''
|''žmů!'' ||''žmenů!''  ||''žmené!''
|}
|}


=== Athematics ===
=== ma-stems ===
TODO: Family members ''patýr, mátýr, bhrátýr, svesýr, sún, duhatýr''
 
{|class=wikitable style=text-align:center
{|class=wikitable style=text-align:center
|-
|-
!
!
! colspan=3| ''patýr'' (m.) = father
! colspan=3| ''vnama'' (n.) = name
|-
|-
!
!
Line 275: Line 351:
|-
|-
|align="right"|'''Nominative'''
|align="right"|'''Nominative'''
|''patýr''||''paterů''||''pateré''
|''vnama''||''vnamené''||''vnamená''
|-
|-
|align="right"|'''Genitive'''
|align="right"|'''Genitive'''
|''patreš''|| ''patrou'' ||''patrou''
|''vnamenaš''|| ''vnamenáu'' ||''vnamenou''
|-
|-
|align="right" |'''Dative'''
|align="right" |'''Dative'''
|''patrej'' ||''patrma''  ||''patrm''
|''vnamenej'' ||''vnamenabhou''  ||''vnamenabh''
|-
|-
|align="right"|'''Accusative'''
|align="right"|'''Accusative'''
|''patra'' ||''paterá''||''patŕḥ, pateraḥ''
|''vnama'' ||''vnamené''||''vnamená''
|-
|-
|align="right"|'''Ablative'''
|align="right"|'''Ablative'''
|''patréḥ'' ||''patrma''  ||''patrm''
|''vnamenách'' ||''vnamenabhou''  ||''vnamenabh''
|-
|-
|align="right"|'''Instrumental'''
|align="right"|'''Instrumental'''
|''patrý'' ||''patrma''  ||''patrmi''
|''vnamený'' ||''vnamenabhí''  ||''vnamenéch''
|-
|-
|align="right" |'''Locative'''
|align="right" |'''Locative'''
|''pateři, patré'' || ''patrou'' ||''patrš''
|''vnameni, vnamené'' || ''vnamenáu'' ||''vnamenaš''
|-
|-
|align="right" |'''Vocative'''
|align="right" |'''Vocative'''
|''patre!'' ||''paterů!''  ||''pateré!''
|''vnama!'' ||''vnamené!''  ||''vnamená!''
|}
|}


==Pronouns==
=== s-stems ===
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center;" width=500px
{|class=wikitable style=text-align:center
! rowspan=2 | case || rowspan=2 | 1sg. || rowspan=2 | 2sg. || colspan=3 | 3sg. || rowspan=2 | 1pl. || rowspan=2 | 2pl. || colspan="3" | 3pl.
|-
!
! colspan=3| ''andh'' (n.) = spring (season)
|-
!
!singular
!dual
!plural
|-
|-
! m. || f. || n. || m. || f. || n.
|align="right"|'''Nominative'''
|''andh''||''andhesé''||''andhesá''
|-
|-
! nom.
|align="right"|'''Genitive'''
| ''aha'' || ''tú'' || ''sa'' || ''sá'' || ''taḥ'' || ''véḥ'' || ''júḥ'' || ''sí'' || ''saḥ'' || ''tá''  
|''andhes, andhesaš''|| ''andhesáu'' ||''andhesou''
|-
|-
! acc.
|align="right" |'''Dative'''
| ''me'' || ''te''
|''andhesej'' ||''andhesabhou'' ||''andhesabh''
|-
|-
! gen.
|align="right"|'''Accusative'''
|  
|''andh'' ||''andhesé''||''andhesá''
|-
|-
! dat.
|align="right"|'''Ablative'''
|  
|''andhesách'' ||''andhesabhou''  ||''andhesabh''
|-
|-
! abl.
|align="right"|'''Instrumental'''
|
|''andhesý'' ||''andhesabhí''  ||''andheséch''
|-
|-
! ins.
|align="right" |'''Locative'''
|
|''andhesi, andhesé'' || ''andhesáu'' ||''andhesaš''
|-
|-
! loc.
|align="right" |'''Vocative'''
|
|''andh!'' ||''andhesé!''  ||''andhesá!''
|}
|}
Demonstratives: ši, ší, šid
Also: ''nebh'' 'cloud'


==Adjectives==
=== Other athematics ===
==Verbs==
Other athematics usually become of the regular o-stems or the i-stems, depending on the final consonant. For example, ''vrýž'' 'king' (from *h₃rḗǵs) declines as a regular ''i''-stem masculine noun.
===Affixes===
TODO: optative endings
{{col-begin}}
{{col-3}}
Primary endings


Indicative
=== -ýr nouns ===
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
TODO: Family members ''patýr, mátýr, bhrátýr, svesůr, dhvatýr''
==== Masculine ====
{|class=wikitable style=text-align:center
|-
|-
!rowspan="2"|
!
!colspan="3"| Active
! colspan=3| ''patýr'' (m.) = father
!colspan="3"| Passive
|-
|-
! Singular !! Dual!! Plural  !! Singular !! Dual!! Plural
!
!singular
!dual
!plural
|-
|-
! 1st
|align="right"|'''Nominative'''
| ''-m, -mi'' || ''-va'' || ''-me'' || ''-mé'' || ''-vadhé'' || ''-madhé''
|''patýr''||''paterů''||''pateré''
|-
|align="right"|'''Genitive'''
|''patreš''|| ''patráu'' ||''patrou''
|-
|align="right" |'''Dative'''
|''patrej'' ||''patrbhou''  ||''patrbh''
|-
|align="right"|'''Accusative'''
|''patra'' ||''paterů''||''patrech''
|-
|align="right"|'''Ablative'''
|''patréch'' ||''patrbhou'' ||''patrbh''
|-
|-
! 2nd
|align="right"|'''Instrumental'''
| ''-š, -si'' || ''-ta'' || ''-te'' || ''-šé'' || ''-tadhé'' || ''-dhvé''
|''patrý'' ||''patrbhí'' ||''patrbhi''
|-
|-
! 3rd
|align="right" |'''Locative'''
| ''-t'' || ''-tou'' || ''-nt'' || ''-té'' || ''-toudhé'' || ''-nté''
|''patři, patré'' || ''patráu'' ||''patrš''
|-
|-
|align="right" |'''Vocative'''
|''patre!'' ||''paterů!''  ||''pateré!''
|}
|}
{{col-3}}
Secondary endings


Indicative
==== Feminine ====
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
 
=== Irregulars ===
{|class=wikitable style=text-align:center
|-
|-
!rowspan="2"|
!
!colspan="3"| Active
! colspan=3| ''gů'' (f.) = cow
!colspan="3"| Passive
|-
|-
! Singular !! Dual!! Plural  !! Singular !! Dual!! Plural
!
!singular
!dual
!plural
|-
|-
! 1st
|align="right"|'''Nominative'''
| -á- > -ou, -(e)je > -í, -je > -ji || ''-va'' || ''-me'' || ''-má'' || ''-vadha'' || ''-madha''
|''gů''||''gavé''||''gavech''
|-
|-
! 2nd
|align="right"|'''Genitive'''
| ''-ḥ'' || ''-ta'' || ''-te'' || ''-tá'' || ''-tadha'' || ''-dhva''
|''gouch''||''gaváu''||''gavou''
|-
|-
! 3rd
|align="right" |'''Dative'''
| ''-Ø'' || ''-tou'' || ''-n'' || ''-ta'' || ''-toudha'' || ''-anta''
|''gaváj'' ||''gůbhou'' ||''gůbh''
|-
|-
|align="right"|'''Accusative'''
|''gou, gavou'' ||''gavé''||''gůch, gavech''
|-
|align="right"|'''Ablative'''
|''gouch'' ||''gůbhou'' ||''gůbh''
|-
|align="right"|'''Instrumental'''
|''gavá, gůjá'' ||''gůbhí'' ||''gůbhi''
|-
|align="right" |'''Locative'''
|''gavé'' || ''gaváu'' ||''gouš''
|-
|align="right" |'''Vocative'''
|''gů!'' || ''gavé!''||''gavech!''
|}
|}
{{col-3}}
 
Imperative endings
==Pronouns==
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
=== Personal ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" width=500px
! rowspan=2 | case || rowspan=2 | 1sg. || rowspan=2 | 2sg. || colspan=3 | 3sg. ||rowspan=2|reflexive
|-
|-
!rowspan="2"|
! m. || f. || n.
!colspan="3"| Active
!colspan="3"| Passive
|-
|-
! Singular !! Dual!! Plural  !! Singular !! Dual!! Plural
! nom.
| ''jaha'' || ''tú'' || ''sa'' || ''sá'' || ''tach'' || ''-''
|-
|-
! 1st
! acc.
| ''-'' || ''-'' || ''-'' || ''-'' || ''-'' || ''-''
| ''jmý'' (stressed), ''me'' (unstressed) || ''tý'' (stressed), ''te'' (unstressed) || ''ta'' || ''tou'' || ''tach'' || ''sý'' (stressed), ''se'' (unstressed)
|-
|-
! 2nd
! gen.
| ''-Ø, -dhi'' || ''-ta'' || ''-te'' || ''-se'' || ''-tá'' || ''-dhvá''
| ''jmaná'' || ''tvaná'' || ''taš'' || ''tech'' || ''taš'' || ''svaná''
|-
|-
! 3rd
! poss.
| ''-tu'' || ''-tou'' || ''-ntu'' || ''-tá'' || ''-toudhá'' || ''-antá''
| ''jmák, jmanák'' || ''tvák, tvanák'' || ''"'' || ''"'' || ''"'' || ''svák, svanák''
|-
|-
|}
! dat.
{{col-end}}
| ''jmeži'', ''jmé'' || ''tebhi'', ''té'' || ''tasmej'' || ''tašáj, táj'' || ''tasmej'' || ''sebhi, sé''
 
===Verb classes===
Athematic:
*důti (to give): dedům, dedůš, dedůt, ..., dedůnt
*státi (to stand): sestám, sestáš, sestát, ..., sestánt
*dhýti (to put): dedhým, dedhýš, dedhýt, ..., dedhýnt
 
Thematic o/e ablaut:
''bherti'' (to carry): ''(aha) bheram, (tú) bhereš, (sa, sá, taḥ) bheret, (vedá) bherava, (judá) bhereta, (sá, sé, té) bheretou, (véḥ) bherame, (júḥ) bherete, (sí, saḥ, tá) bherant''
 
root: ''anešti'' (to get): ''anešmi, anešši, anešt, anešva, anešta, aneštou, anešme, anešte, anešant
 
Seṭ-root (ending in a laryngeal) verbs merge into one of the other categories
 
-eh₂ti: ''důráti'' (to gift): ''důrám, důráš, důrát, důráva, důráta, důrátou, důráme, důráte, důránt''
 
-yéti, -yeti: ''džeďheti'' (to pray, to request): ''džeďhem, džeďheš, džeďhet, džeďheva, džeďheta, džeďhetou, džeďheme, džeďhete, džeďhent''
 
-éyeti: ''harejeti'' (to boil): ''harejem, hareješ, harejet, harejeva, harejeta, harejetou, harejeme, harejete, harejent''
 
No aorist; past perfective comes from PIE perfect
==== ''á'' class ====
Infinitive: ''šventáti'' = to worship
 
Participles:
*''šventánť'' = pres. active participle
*''šventán'' = passive participle
*''šventášanť'' = future active ptcp.
Primary conjugation
 
Present indicative
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
|-
!rowspan="2"|
! abl.
!colspan="3"| Active
| ''jmežách'', ''jmách'' || ''tebhách'', ''tvách'' || ''tasmách'' || ''tašách'' || ''tasmách'' || ''sebhách, svách''
!colspan="3"| Passive
|-
|-
! Singular !! Dual!! Plural  !! Singular !! Dual!! Plural
! ins.
| ''jmaný'' (m), ''jmajá'' (f) || ''tvaný'' (m/n), ''tvajá'' (f) || ''taný'' || ''tajá'' || ''taný'' || ''svaný'' (m/n), ''svajá'' (f)
|-
|-
! 1st
! loc.
| ''šventám'' || ''šventáva'' || ''šventáme'' || ''šventámé'' || ''šventávadhé'' || ''šventámadhé''
| ''jmaji'' || ''tvaji'' || ''tasmi'' || ''tašé'' || ''tasmi'' || ''svaji''
|-
|-
! 2nd
! rowspan=2 | case ||rowspan=2| 1du. || rowspan=2 | 2du. || colspan="3" | 3du.
| ''šventáš'' || ''šventáta'' || ''šventáte'' || ''šventášé'' || ''šventátadhé'' || ''šventádhvé''
|-
|-
! 3rd
! m. || f. || n.
| ''šventát'' || ''šventátou'' || ''šventánt'' || ''šventáté'' || ''šventátoudhé'' || ''šventánté''
|-
|-
|}
! nom.
 
| ''nou'' || ''jou'' || ''sů'' || ''sé'' || ''té''
Secondary conjugation
 
Imperfect indicative
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
|-
!rowspan="2"|
! acc.
!colspan="3"| Active
| ''nou'' || ''jou'' || ''tů'' || ''té'' || ''té''
!colspan="3"| Passive
|-
|-
! Singular !! Dual!! Plural  !! Singular !! Dual!! Plural
! gen.
| ''nájáu'' || ''jújáu'' || ''táu'' || ''táu'' || ''táu''
|-
|-
! 1st
! poss.
| ''ješventou'' || ''ješventáva'' || ''ješventáme'' || ''ješventámá'' || ''ješventávadha'' || ''ješventámadha''
| ''náják'' || ''júják'' || ''"'' || ''"'' || ''"''
|-
|-
! 2nd
! dat.
| ''ješventáḥ'' || ''ješventáta'' || ''ješventáte'' || ''ješventášá'' || ''ješventátadha'' || ''ješventádhva''
| ''nábhou'' || ''júbhou'' || ''tébhou'' || ''tábhou'' || ''tébhou''
|-
|-
! 3rd
! abl.
| ''ješventá'' || ''ješventátou'' || ''ješventán'' || ''ješventáta'' || ''ješventátoudha'' || ''ješventánta''
| ''nábhou'' || ''júbhou'' || ''tébhou'' || ''tábhou'' || ''tébhou''
|-
|-
|}
! ins.
 
| ''nábhí'' || ''júbhí'' || ''tébhí'' || ''tábhí'' || ''tébhí''
Future indicative
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
|-
!rowspan="2"|
! loc.
!colspan="3"| Active
| ''nájáu'' || ''jújáu'' || ''téjáu'' || ''tájáu'' || ''téjáu''
!colspan="3"| Passive
|-
|-
! Singular !! Dual!! Plural  !! Singular !! Dual!! Plural
! rowspan=2 | case ||rowspan=2| 1pl. || rowspan=2 | 2pl. || colspan="3" | 3pl.
|-
|-
! 1st
! m. || f. || n.
| ''šventášam'' || ''šventášava'' || ''šventášame'' || ''šventášamé'' || ''šventášavadhé'' || ''šventášamadhé''
|-
|-
! 2nd
! nom.
| ''šventášaš'' || ''šventášata'' || ''šventášate'' || ''šventášašé'' || ''šventášatadhé'' || ''šventášadhvé''
| ''véch'' || ''júch'' || ''sí'' || ''sech'' || ''tá''  
|-
|-
! 3rd
! acc.
| ''šventášat'' || ''šventášatou'' || ''šventášant'' || ''šventášaté'' || ''šventášatoudhé'' || ''šventášanté''
| ''nas'' || ''jus'' || ''touch'' || ''touch'' || ''tá''
|-
|-
|}
! gen.
 
| ''nasmou'' || ''jušmou'' || ''téšou'' || ''tášou'' || ''téšou''
Imperative endings
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
|-
!rowspan="2"|
! poss.
!colspan="3"| Active
| ''nasmák'' || ''jušmák'' || ''"'' || ''"'' || ''"''
!colspan="3"| Passive
|-
|-
! Singular !! Dual!! Plural  !! Singular !! Dual!! Plural
! dat.
| ''nábh, nasmabh'' || ''júbh, jušmabh'' || ''tébh'' || ''tábh'' || ''tébh''
|-
|-
! 1st
! abl.
| ''-'' || ''šventáva!'' || ''šventáme!'' || ''-'' || ''šventává!'' || ''šventámadhá!''
| ''nábh, nasmabh'' || ''júbh, jušmabh'' || ''tébh'' || ''tábh'' || ''tébh''  
|-
|-
! 2nd
! ins.
| ''šventá! šventádhi!'' || ''šventáta!'' || ''šventáte!'' || ''šventáse!'' || ''šventátá!'' || ''šventádhvá!''
| ''nábhi, nasmabhi'' || ''júbhi, jušmabhi''|| ''téch'' || ''tábhi'' || ''téch''  
|-
! 3rd
| ''šventátu!'' || ''šventátou!'' || ''šventántu!'' || ''šventátá!'' || ''šventátoudhá!'' || ''šventántá!''
|-
|-
! loc.
| ''nasméš'' || ''jušméš'' || ''téš'' || ''táš'' || ''téš''
|}
|}
The possessive pronouns ''jm(an)ák, tv(an)ák, sv(an)ák, nasmák, jušmák'' decline as ''o''-stem adjectives. Other pronouns use the genitive form.
=== Demonstrative ===
Demonstratives: či, čí, čich (distance-neutral)


==== o/e-class ====
Interrogative and relative (determiner and pronoun): ka, ká, kach
==== ''bhúti'' 'to be' ====
Participles:
*present ''jsanť''
*future ''bhúšanť''


Present
==Adjectives==
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
=== o-stem adjectives ===
==== Hard ====
{|class=wikitable style=text-align:center
|+ Declension of ''jsúrt'' 'good' (from *h₁su-h₂r-tós 'well-ordered')
|-
!
! colspan=3| masc.
! colspan=3| fem.
! colspan=3| neut.
|-
!
!singular
!dual
!plural
!singular
!dual
!plural
!singular
!dual
!plural
|-
|align="right"|'''Nominative'''
|''jsúrt''||''jsúrtů''||''jsúrté''
|''jsúrtá''||''jsúrté''||''jsúrtých''
|''jsúrta''||''jsúrté'' || ''jsúrtá''
|-
|align="right"|'''Genitive'''
|''jsúrtaš''|| ''jsúrtáu'' ||''jsúrtou''
|''jsúrtých''|| ''jsúrtáu'' ||''jsúrtou''
|''jsúrtaš''|| ''jsúrtáu'' ||''jsúrtou''
|-
|align="right" |'''Dative'''
|''jsúrtam'' ||''jsúrtabhou''  ||''jsúrtabh''
|''jsúrtáj'' ||''jsúrtábhou'' ||''jsúrtábh''
|''jsúrtam'' ||''jsúrtabhou'' ||''jsúrtabh''
|-
|-
!|
|align="right"|'''Accusative'''
! Singular !! Dual!! Plural
|''jsúrta'' ||''jsúrtů''||''jsúrtouch''
|''jsúrtou''||''jsúrté'' ||''jsúrtouch''
|''jsúrta''||''jsúrté'' ||''jsúrtá''
|-
|-
! 1st
|align="right"|'''Ablative'''
| ''jesmi'' || ''jsva'' || ''jsme''
|''jsúrtách'' ||''jsúrtabhou''  ||''jsúrtabh''
|''jsúrtách'' ||''jsúrtábhou'' ||''jsúrtábh''
|''jsúrtách'' ||''jsúrtabhou'' ||''jsúrtabh''
|-
|-
! 2nd
|align="right"|'''Instrumental'''
| ''jesi'' || ''jsta'' || ''jste''  
|''jsúrtý'' ||''jsúrtabhí''  ||''jsúrtéch''
|''jsúrtajá'' ||''jsúrtábhí'' ||''jsúrtábhi''
|''jsúrtý'' || ''jsúrtabhí'' ||''jsúrtéch''
|-
|-
! 3rd
|align="right" |'''Locative'''
| ''jest'' || ''jstou'' || ''jsant''
|''jsúrtami'' || ''jsúrtáu'' ||''jsúrtéš''
|''jsúrté''||''jsúrtáu''  ||''jsúrtáš''
|''jsúrtami'' || ''jsúrtáu'' ||''jsúrtéš''
|-
|-
|align="right" |'''Vocative'''
|''jsúrte''||''jsúrtů''||''jsúrté''
|''jsúrta''||''jsúrté''||''jsúrtech''
|''jsúrta''||''jsúrté'' || ''jsúrtá''
|}
|}


Future
==== Soft ====
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
 
=== u-stem adjectives ===
{|class=wikitable style=text-align:center
|+ Declension of ''jvesu'' 'solemn, holy (of objects, places and occasions)' (from *h₁wésus)
|-
|-
!|
!
! Singular !! Dual!! Plural
! colspan=3| masc.
! colspan=3| fem.
! colspan=3| neut.
|-
|-
! 1st
!
| ''bhúšam'' || ''bhúšava'' || ''bhúšame''
!singular
!dual
!plural
!singular
!dual
!plural
!singular
!dual
!plural
|-
|-
! 2nd
|align="right"|'''Nominative'''
| ''bhúšaš'' || ''bhúšata'' || ''bhúšate''  
|''jvesu''||''jvesavů''||''jvesavé''
|''jvesí''||''jvesijé''||''jvesích''
|''jvesu''||''jvesavé'' || ''jvesú''
|-
|-
! 3rd
|align="right"|'''Genitive'''
| ''bhúšat'' || ''bhúšatou'' || ''bhúšant''
|''jvesouš''|| ''jvesaváu'' ||''jvesavou''
|''jvesích''|| ''jvesijáu'' ||''jvesijou''
|''jvesouš''|| ''jvesaváu'' ||''jvesavou''
|-
|-
|}
|align="right" |'''Dative'''
 
|''jvesum'' ||''jvesubhou''  ||''jvesubh''
Past ipfv.
|''jvesí'' ||''jvesíbhou'' ||''jvesíbh''
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|''jvesum'' ||''jvesubhou'' ||''jvesubh''
|-
|-
!|
|align="right"|'''Accusative'''
! Singular !! Dual!! Plural
|''jvesú'' ||''jvesavů''||''jvesúch''
|''jvesí''||''jvesijé'' ||''jvesích''
|''jvesu''||''jvesavé'' ||''jvesú''
|-
|-
! 1st
|align="right"|'''Ablative'''
| ''jebhúm'' || ''jebhúva'' || ''jebhúme''
|''jvesouš'' ||''jvesubhou''  ||''jvesubh''
|''jvesích'' ||''jvesíbhou'' ||''jvesíbh''
|''jvesouš'' ||''jvesubhou'' ||''jvesubh''
|-
|-
! 2nd
|align="right"|'''Instrumental'''
| ''jebhúḥ'' || ''jebhúta'' || ''jebhúte''  
|''jvesú'' ||''jvesubhí''  ||''jvesubhi''
|''jvesijá'' ||''jvesíbhí'' ||''jvesíbhi''
|''jvesú'' || ''jvesubhí'' ||''jvesubhi''
|-
|-
! 3rd
|align="right" |'''Locative'''
| ''jebhú'' || ''jebhútou'' || ''jebhún''
|''jvesumi'' || ''jvesaváu'' ||''jvesúš''
|''jvesijé''||''jvesijáu''  ||''jvesíš''
|''jvesumi'' || ''jvesaváu'' ||''jvesúš''
|-
|-
|align="right" |'''Vocative'''
|''jvesu''||''jvesavů''||''jvesavé''
|''jvesí''||''jvesijé''||''jvesích''
|''jvesu''||''jvesavé'' || ''jvesú''
|}
|}
 
=== Participles ===
Imperative
{|class=wikitable style=text-align:center
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|+ Declension of ''jsas'' 'real'; ''jsan'' means 'thing'
|-
!
! colspan=3| masc.
! colspan=3| fem.
! colspan=3| neut.
|-
|-
!
!
! Singular !! Dual!! Plural
!singular
!dual
!plural
!singular
!dual
!plural
!singular
!dual
!plural
|-
|align="right"|'''Nominative'''
|''jsas''||''jsantů''||''jsanté''
|''jsantí''||''jsantijé''||''jsantích''
|''jsan''||''jsanté'' || ''jsantá''
|-
|-
! 1st
|align="right"|'''Genitive'''
| ''-'' || ''bhúva!'' || ''bhúme!''  
|''jsantaš''||''jsantáu''||''jsantou''
|''jsantích''||''jsantijáu''||''jsantijou''
|''jsantaš''||''jsantáu'' || ''jsantou''
|-
|-
! 2nd
|align="right"|'''Dative'''
| ''bhú! bhúdhi!'' || ''bhúta!'' || ''bhúte!''
|''jsantam''||''jsantabhou''||''jsantabh''
|''jsantí''||''jsantíbhou''||''jsantíbh''
|''jsantam''||''jsantabhou'' || ''jsantabh''
|-
|-
! 3rd
|align="right"|'''Accusative'''
| ''bhútu!'' || ''bhútou!'' || ''bhúntu!''
|''jsanta''||''jsantů''||''jsantech''
|''jsantí''||''jsantijé''||''jsantích''
|''jsan''||''jsanté'' || ''jsantá''
|-
|-
|align="right"|'''Ablative'''
|''jsantách''||''jsantabhou''||''jsantabh''
|''jsantích''||''jsantíbhou''||''jsantíbh''
|''jsantách''||''jsantabhou'' || ''jsantabh''
|-
|align="right"|'''Instrumental'''
|''jsantý''||''jsantabhí''||''jsantéch''
|''jsantijá''||''jsantíbhí''||''jsantíbhi''
|''jsantý''||''jsantabhí'' || ''jsantéch''
|-
|align="right"|'''Locative'''
|''jsantami''||''jsantáu''||''jsantéš''
|''jsantijé''||''jsantijáu''||''jsantíš''
|''jsantami''||''jsantáu'' || ''jsantéš''
|}
|}
==Verbs==
{{main|Ilithian/Verbs}}
== Numerals ==
<poem>
jév, jévá, jéva (m/f/n) = 1
dvů, dvé, dvé (m/f/n) = 2
tři, třis, tří (m/f/n) = 3
četur, četus, četura (m/f/n) = 4
penče, penčis, penča (m/f/n) = 5
šeš = 6
septa - 7
aštů = 8
jneva = 9
deša = 10
jévurdeša = 11
dvůrdeša = 12
třírdeša = 13
četurdeša = 14
penčurdeša = 15
šešurdeša = 16
septurdeša = 17
aštůrdeša = 18
jnevurdeša = 19
vížati = 20
jévurvížati = 21
třížat = 30
četuržat = 40
pendžat = 50
šežžat = 60
septažat = 70
aštůžat = 80
jnevažat = 90
šata = 100
žílí = 1000
</poem>


==Syntax==
==Syntax==
Czechmate has unmarked order SOV: 'The woman sings the song' is ''Džená géman gájat''. (Using ''géman'' 'song' as an object of ''gájati'' 'to sing' implies specificity. 'Sings a (nonspecific) song' would simply be ''gájat''.)
Ilithian has unmarked order SOV: 'The woman sings the song' is ''Džená gájma gájet''. (Using ''gájma'' 'song' as an object of ''gájeti'' 'to sing' implies specificity. 'Sings a (nonspecific) song' would simply be ''gájet''.)


The topic comes first:
Sebatian is topic-prominent, so the topic comes first:
*''Džená géman gájat'' = ''Onna wa uta wo utau''
*''Džená gájma gájet'' = The woman sings the song (cf. ''Onna wa uta wo utau'')
*''Géman gájat džená'' = ''Uta wa onna ga utau''
*''Gájma gájet džená'' = The song is sung by a woman/The *woman* sings the song (cf. ''Uta wa onna ga utau'')
*''Žmenou dvů jstou'' = There are two people/Of people, there are two (cf. ''Hito wa futari ga iru'')
*''Tam švů jest'' = He has a dog (cf. Jp. ''Kare wa inu ga iru'')
The ''-č'' or ''-če'' Wackernagel clitic ('and' in Classical Ilithian) becomes an explicit topic particle in later descendants.


==Sample text==
==Sample text==
=== Czechmate textbook ===
=== UDHR ===
''Višvé žmené svapátěbhi ženijánté; téšou jsutvrtitáť andoušijéče lígé jsant.''
 
=== Ilithian textbook ===
==== Lesson 2 ====
==== Lesson 2 ====
''Ši vír jest. Vír Vrn rekté, taš vnůman Vrn jest. Šíč džená jest. Džená Ouhaľá rekté. Vrn Ouhaľaḥ pať jest, Ouhaľáč Vrnaš patní. Žmátů jstou. Tíma tří dhýnání jsant, súnů duhatýreč.''
''Ši vír jest. Vír Jsužen rekté, taš jnama Jsužen jest. Šíč džená jest. Džená Ouháľá rekté. Jsužen Ouhálěch pať jest, Ouháľáč Jsuženaš patní. Žmátů jstou. Tébhou tří dhýná jsant, súnů dhvatýrče.''


This is a man. The man is called Vrn, his name is Vrn. This is a woman. The woman's name is Ouhaľá. Vrn is Ouhaľá's husband, Ouhaľá is his wife. They are married/a couple. They have three children, two sons and a daughter.
This is a man. The man is called Jsužen, his name is Jsužen. This is a woman. The woman's name is Ouháľá. Jsužen is Ouháľá's husband, and Ouháľá is his wife. They are married/a couple. They have three children, two sons and a daughter.


===Schleicher's Fable===
===Schleicher's Fable===
'''Avi ješvéč'''
'''Avi ješvéče'''


''Avi, jasmej vlná nébhú, jevidat ješvouḥ: jéva tangu važa vežanti, jévač maža bhara, jévač žamana ašu bheranti.''
''Avi, kasmáj vlná nébhú, vidat ješvouch: jéva tangu vaha vehanti, jévače maha bhara, jévače žmena ašu bheranti.''


[[Category:Indo-European languages|C]]
[[Category:Indo-European languages|C]]
=== From ''Labyrint světa a ráj srdce'' ===
'''Ilithian'''
''JÉDNESI PANTÁTECH TEČMENÁ. Gegrýš jaha tasmej ajavej, kasmi se žmeniškáj maťáj vištím ater jsúrtami vlkamič bháněti vjážet, vídas jaha vištítá ater žmenéš stámená rtěchče pravekouchče rbhíchče, čebhi anadedhánté, ambebháté jmeži nepavá bhúti doušá, ja se jsu, ku kaný žmenou štidhý se andůjou, meš am kaja praveka džívatou anadůtí bhúját, maťájmi.''
'''English''' (tr. Matthew Spinka)
REASONS FOR UNDERTAKING THE WANDERINGS. Having reached the age when human intelligence begins to distinguish between good and evil, and having seen the various classes, orders, callings, occupations, and professions that men engage in, it seemed to me highly desirable to consider well which of these groups of folk I should join and which profession I should choose for my life work.
'''Czech original''' (Komenský)
''O PŘÍČINÁCH V SVĚT PUTOVÁNÍ. Když sem v tom věku byl, v kterémž se lidskému rozumu rozdíl mezi dobrým a zlým ukazovati začíná, vida já rozdílné mezi lidmi stavy, řády, povolání, práce a předsevzetí, jímiž se zanášejí, zdála se mi toho nemalá býti potřeba, abych se dobře, ke kterému bych se houfu lidí připojiti a v jakých věcech život stráviti měl, rozmyslil.''
[[Category:Indo-European languages]][[Category:Stem-Balto-Slavic]][[Category:Sebatic]][[Category:Languages]]
IlL
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