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Kämpya: Difference between revisions
→Antipassive Voice: Changed antipassive marker to -go
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(→Antipassive Voice: Changed antipassive marker to -go) |
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The deleted object can be re-introduced | The deleted object can be re-introduced using the dative postposition, /-gó/ (which changes the noun into Tone Class 2). These nouns are re-introduced into the same syntactic "slot" as postpositional objects e.g. | ||
/dô̰k θú=ˈbíʔ | /dô̰k ˈlḭ̀zád=gó θú=ˈbíʔ / | ||
dog ANTIP=bite | dog lizard=DAT ANTIP=bite | ||
The dog bit the lizard. | The dog bit the lizard. | ||
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However, the difference is that Kämpya has ergative syntax. Whatever argument of the verb is in the absolutive case is the syntactic pivot [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syntactic_pivot]. In a normal transitive sentence, this is the object of the verb. But, by using the antipassive voice, the subject of the transitive verb becomes the syntactic pivot. If we combine the two sentences above with the verb /áˈwâḭ/ - "to flee", the meaning becomes very different: | However, the difference is that Kämpya has ergative syntax. Whatever argument of the verb is in the absolutive case is the syntactic pivot [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syntactic_pivot]. In a normal transitive sentence, this is the object of the verb. But, by using the antipassive voice, the subject of the transitive verb becomes the syntactic pivot. If we combine the two sentences above with the verb /áˈwâḭ/ - "to flee", the meaning becomes very different: | ||
/dô̰k θú=ˈbíʔ | /dô̰k ˈlḭ̀zád=gó θú=ˈbíʔ áˈwâḭ/ | ||
dog ANTIP=bite lizard=DAT flee | dog lizard=DAT ANTIP=bite lizard=DAT flee | ||
The dog bit the lizard and (the dog) ran away. | The dog bit the lizard and (the dog) ran away. | ||
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The dog bit the lizard and the lizard ran away. | The dog bit the lizard and the lizard ran away. | ||
===Ditransitive Sentences=== | ===Ditransitive Sentences=== | ||