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Katäfalsen: Difference between revisions
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{{privatelang | {{privatelang}} | ||
{{Infobox language | {{Infobox language | ||
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'''Katäfalsen''' (pronunciation: {{IPA|[kɑˈtɑːfɑlsen]}} | '''Katäfalsen''' (pronunciation: {{IPA|[kɑˈtɑːfɑlsen]}}, alternative spelling: '''Katã Falsen''', short: '''Katah''', {{IPA|[ˈkɑtɑχ]}}) is an apriori constructed language, which is partially inspired by Basque, Hebrew and Latin. The aim was to construct a language with a phonology practicable for speakers of most European languages along with unorthodox grammar and syntax. Katäfalsen is highly synthetic and features a free word order and ergative-absolutive alignment. Most of the vocabulary is directly derived from '''Proto-Katäfalsen''' with a mentionable amount of loanwords from Old Greek. | ||
== Name == | == Name == | ||
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|The water language | |The water language | ||
}} | }} | ||
== Phonology == | == Phonology == | ||
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!A||B||D||E||F||G||H||I||J||K||L||M||N||O||P||R||S||T||U||W||Ö||Ä | !A||B||D||E||F||G||H||I||J||K||L||M||N||O||P||R||S||T||U||W||Ö||Ä | ||
|} | |} | ||
Due to the potential to build very long compounds, the Latin orthography has two equivalent ways to write them down. The first one is to simply string the components together (''katä + falsen → Katäfalsen'') and the second one to put an acute over the last vowel of the first component (''katä + falsen → katã falsen''). Here, ''ä'' and ''ö'' with acutes are substituted by ''ã'' and ''õ''. Both conventions are often used together within the same text. | |||
At the end of a line, syllabfication using a hyphen (''-'') is possible at every syllable boundary. | |||
=== Phonotactics === | === Phonotactics === | ||
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== Grammar == | == Grammar == | ||
==== Declension ==== | ==== Declension ==== | ||
Nouns are declined in four cases, which are found in a subordinate and a coordinate form each. The total number of cases is therefore eight. | Nouns are declined in four cases, which are found in a subordinate and a coordinate form each. The total number of cases is therefore eight. | ||
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*mowe: ''mo-w-e'', place-2-{{sc|loc}}, 'whenever (you like)' | *mowe: ''mo-w-e'', place-2-{{sc|loc}}, 'whenever (you like)' | ||
*moe: ''mo-∅-e'', place-3-{{sc|loc}}, 'then' | *moe: ''mo-∅-e'', place-3-{{sc|loc}}, 'then' | ||
== Orthography == | == Orthography == | ||
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=== Braid script === | === Braid script === | ||
[[File:Elementary braids of Katafalsen.png|thumb|The braid s<sub>1</sub>s<sub>2</sub>s<sub>3</sub>s<sub>4</sub> consisting of the four elementary braids]] | [[File:Elementary braids of Katafalsen.png|thumb|The braid s<sub>1</sub>s<sub>2</sub>s<sub>3</sub>s<sub>4</sub> consisting of the four elementary braids]] | ||
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|} | |} | ||
In order to make the writing unambiguous, the initial set of a letter must always be contained in the final set of its precursor. For example, {{angbr|tj}} or {{angbr|s<sub>1</sub>s<sub>4</sub>s<sub>1</sub>}} is allowed since {1}, the initial set of the second letter is contained in the final set of the first letter, {1, 4}. But in reverse order, {{angbr|jt}} is forbidden since {1, 4} is not contained in {1}. This issue must be fixed using fillers between the letters. In many situations, different fillers are possible, the following table provides | In order to make the writing unambiguous, the initial set of a letter must always be contained in the final set of its precursor. For example, {{angbr|tj}} or {{angbr|s<sub>1</sub>s<sub>4</sub>s<sub>1</sub>}} is allowed since {1}, the initial set of the second letter is contained in the final set of the first letter, {1, 4}. But in reverse order, {{angbr|jt}} is forbidden since {1, 4} is not contained in {1}. This issue must be fixed using fillers between the letters. In many situations, different fillers are possible, the following table provides some of them. | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
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|s<sub>3</sub>s<sub>4</sub> | |s<sub>3</sub>s<sub>4</sub> | ||
|style="background:#D0D0D0"| | |style="background:#D0D0D0"| | ||
|} | |} | ||
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*Whenever /ʔ/ comes from /ħ/, the pattern for ''ħ'' is used. | *Whenever /ʔ/ comes from /ħ/, the pattern for ''ħ'' is used. | ||
*The patterns for ''f'', ''s'' and ''h'' are the double patterns of ''p'', ''t'' and ''k''. | *The patterns for ''f'', ''s'' and ''h'' are the double patterns of ''p'', ''t'' and ''k''. | ||
== Etymology == | == Etymology == | ||
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!kore | !kore | ||
|} | |} | ||