Koinean

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Koinean is a brief sketchlang, attempting to take the growing non-configurationality of vernacular Korean and extend it to the level of Koiné/Attic Greek. While Ancient Greek could match distant words by case, number, and gender, Koinean matches by case and class. The verb inflectional structure is as big as the λύω chart, some 400 conjugations per verb. It is written in the polytonic Greek alphabet. (Unfortunately, it also requires a Unicode hack, that of a combining character in order to write upsilons with iota subscripts.) It is also meant as an instructional aide to Koreans in learning Ancient Greek.

ἀννῃνγἁσἠιᾠ! ζωεἀἁιᾠ ἰἠνἠδοδ? (안녕하세요! 좋아해요 이언어를?)

Phonology

Orthography

α - /아/, β - /ㅂ/, γ - /ㄱ/, δ - /ㄹ/, ε - coda /h/, ζ - /ㅈ/, η - /어/, θ - /ㅌ/, ι - /이/, κ - /ㅋ/, λ - /ɫ/, μ - /ㅁ/, ν - /ㄴ/, ξ - /ks/, ο - /으/, π - /ㅍ/, ρ - /ɻ/, σ - /ㅅ/, τ - /ㄷ/, υ - /우/, φ - /φ/, χ - /ㅊ/, ψ - /ps/, ω - /오/

Smooth breathing, rough breathing, acute, grace, circumflex, diaeresis, iota ad/subscript.

Consonants

Koinean Consonantal Inventory
Bilabial Alveolar Palatal Velar Glottal
Nasal /m/ μ Μ /n/ ν Ν /ŋ/ νγ
Plosive Plain /p~b/ β Β /t~d/ τ Τ /c~ɟ/ ζ Ζ /k~g/ γ Γ
Aspirated /pʰ/ π Π /tʰ/ θ Θ /cʰ/ χ Χ /kʰ/ κ Κ
Tense /p͈/ ββ ΒΒ /t͈/ δδ ΔΔ /c͈/ ζζ ΖΖ /k͈/ γγ ΓΓ
Fricative Aspirated /ɸ/ φ Φ /sʰ~ɕʰ/ σ ς Σ h~ɦ
Tense /s͈~ɕ͈/ σσ ςς ΣΣ
Approximants /w/ /l/ λ Λ /j/ /ɰ/
Liquid /ɾ/ δ Δ /ɻ~r/ * ρ Ρ

also /ks/ -> ξ (only alone Ξ) ; /ps/ -> ψ (only alone Ψ), but they are both not permitted at the start of a syllable or word. ε (only alone Ε) is the obsolete coda /h/, which is actually unsaid, but preserved in spelling.


Vowels

Koinean Vowels
Front
Unrounded
Front
Rounded
Mid Back
Unrounded
Back
Rounded
High /i/ ι Ι /y/ υι Υι /ɯ/ ο Ο /u/ υ Υ
Mid /e̞/ ηι Ηι /ø/ ωι Ωι /ʌ~ɘ/ η Η /o/ ω Ω
Low /æ/ αι Αι /ä~ɑ/ α Α
  • There are six regular vowels, corresponding to Korean 아,이,어,오,으,우 -> ἀ,ἰ,ἠ,ὠ,ὀ,ὐ.
  • Iotized vowels (y on-glide) is written with an iota subscript: 야,여,요,유 -> ᾀ,ᾐ,ᾠ,ὐͅ.
  • Iotized Diphthongs 위, 외, 애, 에, 의 -> ὐι, ὠι, ἀι, ἠι, ὀι
  • Triphthongs 얘, 예, 웨, 왜 -> ᾀι, ᾐι, ὐηι, ὠαι

Prosody

Stress

Intonation

Phonotactics

Morphophonology

Morphology

Phonological Processes

There are more of them than you can shake a stick at!

  • π + ν = μν
  • λ + ν = λλ
  • β/τ/ζ/γ + β/τ/ζ/γ = ββ/ττ/ζζ/γγ
  • ε + β/τ/ζ/γ = π/θ/χ/κ
  • ε + σ = σσ
  • λ + δ = λλ
  • rest + δ = rest + ν


Syntax

Constituent order

Noun phrase

Verb phrase

Sentence phrase

Dependent clauses

Example texts

Other resources

Lexicon