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{{Library translation sidebar}}
The '''[[w:Complaint tablet to Ea-nasir|Complaint tablet to Ea-nāṣir]]''' (UET V 81) is a clay tablet written in Akkadian cuneiform that was sent to Ur circa 1750 BCE. It is the oldest known written complaint, written to a merchant named Ea-nāṣir from a customer named Nanni.
The [[w:Complaint tablet to Ea-nāṣir|'''complaint tablet to Ea-nāṣir''']] (''UET V 81'') is a [[w:clay tablet|clay tablet]] that was sent to the ancient city-state [[w:Ur|Ur]], written ''c.'' 1750 BCE. It is a complaint to a merchant named ''Ea-nāṣir'' from a customer named ''Nanni''. Written in [[w:Akkadian language|Akkadian]] [[w:cuneiform|cuneiform]], it may be the oldest known written [[w:Consumer complaint|customer complaint]]. It is currently kept in the [[w:British Museum|British Museum]]. In 2015, the tablet's content and Ea-nāṣir in particular gained popularity as an [[w:internet meme|online meme]].
 
The tablet is 11.6 centimetres (4+9⁄16 in) high, 5 cm (1+15⁄16 in) wide, 2.6 cm (1 in) thick, and slightly damaged.


{{List translations}}
{{List translations}}
Line 6: Line 8:


==Akkadian<ref>"UET 5, 0081 Artifact Entry." (2010) 2023. Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). February 1, 2023. https://cdli.ucla.edu/P414985.</ref>==
==Akkadian<ref>"UET 5, 0081 Artifact Entry." (2010) 2023. Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI). February 1, 2023. https://cdli.ucla.edu/P414985.</ref>==
'''Obverse'''
[[File:Ea Nasir tablet transcription.jpg|thumb|A transcription of the text on the obverse, reverse, and left edge of the tablet]]
 
1. a-na e2-a-na-s,i-ir
 
2. qi2-bi2-ma
 
3. um-ma na-an-ni-ma
 
4. a-nu-u2-ma ta-al-li-ku
 
5. ki-a-am ta-aq#-bi#-am#
 
6. um-ma at-ta-a-ma
 
7. gu-ba-ri da-am-qu2-tim
 
8. a-na gi-mil-{d}suen a-na-ad#-di-in
 
9. ta-al-li-ik-ma ta#-aq-bi-a-am
 
10. u2-la te-pu#-usz
 
11. gu-ba-ri la da-am#-qu2-tim
 
12. a-na ma-ar szi-ip-ri-ia
 
13. ta-asz-ku-un#-ma um-ma at-ta-ma
 
14. szum-ma te-le-qe2-a le-qe2-a
 
15. szum-ma [la] te#-le-qe2-a at-la-ka


16. ia-ti a-na ki-ma ma-an-ni-im
'''Front'''
<poem>
1. 𒀀𒈾 𒂍𒀀𒈾𒍢𒅕
''1. a-na e₂-a-na-ṣi-ir''
2. 𒆠𒉈𒈠
''2. qi₂-bi₂-ma''
3. 𒌝𒈠 𒈾𒀭𒉌𒈠
''3. um-ma na-an-ni-ma''
4. 𒀀𒉡𒌑𒈠 𒋫𒀠𒇷𒆪
''4. a-nu-u₂-ma ta-al-li-ku''
5. 𒆠𒀀𒄠 𒋫𒀝𒁉𒄠
''5. ki-a-am ta-aq-bi-am''


17. tu-szi-im-ma ni-x-(x)-x-x-ma
6. 𒌝𒈠 𒀜𒋫𒀀𒈠
''6. um-ma at-ta-a-ma''
7. 𒄖𒁀𒊑 𒁕𒄠𒆪𒁴
''7. gu-ba-ri da-am-qu₂-tim''
8. 𒀀𒈾 𒄀𒅖𒀭𒋢𒂗 𒀀𒈾𒀜𒁲𒅔
''8. a-na gi-mil-ᴰsu-en a-na-ad-di-in''
9. 𒋫𒀠𒇷𒅅𒈠 𒋫𒀝𒁉𒀀𒄠
''9. ta-al-li-ik-ma ta-aq-bi-a-am''
10. 𒌑𒆷 𒋼𒁍𒍑
''10. u₂-la te-pu-uš''


18. ki-a-am te-me-sza#-an#-ni
11. 𒄖𒁀𒊑 𒆷 𒁕𒄠𒆪𒁴
''11. gu-ba-ri la da-am-qu₂-tim''
12. 𒀀𒈾 𒈠𒅈 𒅆𒅁𒊑𒅀
''12. a-na ma-ar ši-ip-ri-ia''
13. 𒋫𒀸𒆪𒌦𒈠 𒌝𒈠 𒀜𒋫𒈠
''13. ta-aš-ku-un-ma um-ma at-ta-ma''
14. 𒋳𒈠 𒋼𒇷𒆠𒀀 𒇷𒆠𒀀
''14. šum-ma te-le-qe₂-a le-qe₂-a''
15. 𒋳𒈠 [𒆷] 𒋼𒇷𒆠𒀀 𒀜𒆷𒅗
''15.  šum-ma [la] te-le-qe₂-a at-la-ka''


19. ma-ri a-wi-li a-na ki-ma ka-ti
16. 𒅀𒋾 𒀀𒈾 𒆠𒈠 𒈠𒀭𒉌𒅎
''16. ia-ti a-na ki-ma ma-an-ni-im''
17. 𒌅𒅆𒅎𒈠 𒉌[...]𒈠
''17. tu-ši-im-ma ni-x-(x)-x-x-ma''
18. 𒆠𒀀𒄠 𒋼𒈨𒊭𒀭𒉌
''18. ki-a-am te-me-ša-an-ni''
19. 𒈠𒊑 𒀀𒉿𒇷 𒀀𒈾 𒆠𒈠 𒅗𒋾
''19. ma-ri a-wi-li a-na ki-ma ka-ti''
20. 𒀀𒈾 𒆠𒋛𒅀 𒈠𒄩𒊑𒅎
''20. a-na ki-si-ia ma-ḫa-ri-im''


20. a-na ki-si-ia ma-ha-ri-im
21. 𒀸𒁍𒊏𒄠𒈠
 
''21. aš-pu-ra-am-ma''
21. asz-pu-ra-am-ma
22. 𒌅𒈨𒄿𒊭𒄠𒈠
 
''22. tu-me-i-ša-am-ma''
22. tu-me-i-sza-am-ma
23. 𒄿𒈾 𒂵𒂵𒅈 𒈾𒀝𒊑𒅎
 
''23. i-na qa₂-qa₂-ar na-ak-ri-im''
23. i-na qa2-qa2-ar na-ak-ri-im
</poem>


'''Reverse'''
'''Reverse'''
<poem>
1. 𒅖𒋾𒅖𒋗 𒅇 𒅆𒉌𒋗
''1. iš-ti-iš-šu u₃ ši-ni-šu''
2. 𒊑𒆪𒋢𒉡 𒌅𒋼𒅕𒊏𒄠
''2. ri-qu₂-su-nu tu-te-er-ra-am''
3. 𒄿𒈾 𒀀𒇷𒅅 𒋼𒂖𒈬𒌦
''3. i-na a-li-ik te-el-mu-un''
4. 𒈠𒀭𒉡𒌝 𒊭 𒆠𒀀𒄠
''4. ma-an-nu-um ša ki-a-am''
5. 𒄿𒁍𒊭𒀭𒉌𒄿𒈠
''5. i-pu-ša-an-ni-i-ma''


1. isz-ti-isz-szu u3 szi-ni-szu
6. 𒀜𒋫 𒈠𒅈 𒅆𒅁𒊑𒅀 𒌅𒈨𒂊𒅖
''6. at-ta ma-ar ši-ip-ri-ia tu-me-e-iš''
7. 𒀀𒈾 𒈠<𒆷> 𒅗𒊍𒉿𒅎
''7. a-na ma-<la> ka-as-pi-im''
8. 𒊭 𒄿𒈾 𒂵𒋾𒅀 𒌅 𒊺𒍪𒌑
''8. ša i-na qa₂-ti-ia tu-še-ṣu₂-u₂''
9. 𒆠𒀀𒄠 𒋫𒁕𒁍𒌒
''9. ki-a-am ta-da-bu-ub''
10. 𒅇 𒀸𒋳𒄿𒅗
''10. u₃ aš-šum-i-ka''


2. ri-qu2-su-nu tu-te-er-ra-am
11. 𒀀𒈾 𒂍𒃲𒇷
''11. a-na _e₂-gal_-li''
12. 𒌋 𒐍 𒄘 𒍏 𒀀𒈾𒆪 𒀜𒁲𒅔
''12. _1(u)8 (diš)gu₂ ᵘʳᵘᵈᵃ_ a-na-ku ad-di-in''
13. 𒅇 𒋗𒈪𒀀𒁍𒌝
''13. u₃ šu-mi-a-bu-um''
14. 𒌋 𒐍 𒄘 𒍏 𒄿𒁲𒅔
''14. _1(u)8 (diš)gu₂ ᵘʳᵘᵈᵃ_ i-di-in''
15. 𒂊𒍣𒅁 𒊭 𒀀𒈾 𒂍 𒀭𒌓
''15. e-zi-ib ša a-na _e₂_ ᴰutu''


3. i-na a-li-ik te-el-mu-un
16. 𒆪𒉡𒊌𒅗𒄠 𒉌𒍣𒁍
''16. ku-nu-uk-ka-am ni-zi-bu''
17. 𒀀𒈾 𒉿𒊑𒅎 𒊭𒀀𒋾
''17. a-na wa-ri-im ša-a-ti''
18. 𒆠𒄿 𒋼𒁍𒊭𒀭𒉌
''18. ki-i te-pu-ša-an-ni''
19. 𒆠𒋛 𒄿𒈾 𒂵𒂵𒅈 𒈾𒀝𒊑
''19. ki-si i-na qa₂-qa₂-ar na-ak-ri''
20. 𒌅𒊌𒋾𒅋
''20. tu-uk-ti-il''


4. ma-an-nu-um sza ki-a-am
21. 𒆠𒋛 𒀀𒈾 𒂵𒋾𒅀
''21. ki-si a-na qa₂-ti-ia''
22. 𒋗𒇻𒈠𒄠 𒂊𒇷𒅗𒄿𒋗
''22. šu-lu-ma-am e-li-ka i-šu''
23. 𒆠 𒈠𒀭 𒉌𒆠𒀀𒄠
''23. ki-ma an-ni-ki-a-am''
24. 𒉿𒊑𒀀𒄠 𒆷 𒁺𒈬𒂵𒄠
''24. we-ri-a-am la du-mu-qa₂-am''
25. 𒆷 𒀀𒈠𒄩𒊒𒅗 𒋫𒆷𒈠𒀜
''25. la a-ma-ḫa-ru-ka ta-la-ma-ad''


5. i-pu-sza-an-ni-i-ma
26. 𒄿𒈾 𒆠𒊓𒇷𒅀
''26. i-na ki-sa-li-ia''


6. at-ta ma-ar szi-ip-ri-ia tu-me-e-isz
50. 𒅖𒋾𒈾𒀀 𒌑𒈾𒍝𒀝𒈠
 
''50. iš-ti-na-a u₂-na-sa₃-aq-ma''
7. a-na ma-<la> ka-as-pi-im
51. 𒂊𒇷𒆠
 
''51. e-le-qe₂''
8. sza i-na qa2-ti-ia tu-sze-s,u2-u2
</poem>
 
9. ki-a-am ta-da-bu-ub
 
10. u3 asz-szum-i-ka
 
11. a-na _e2-gal_-li
 
12. _1(u) 8(disz) gu2 uruda_ a-na-ku ad-di-in
 
13. u3 szu-mi-a-bu-um
 
14. _1(u) 8(disz) gu2 uruda_ i-di-in
 
15. e-zi-ib sza a-na _e2_ {d}utu
 
16. ku-nu-uk-ka-am ni-zi-bu
 
17. a-na wa-ri-im sza-a-ti
 
18. ki-i te-pu-sza-an-ni
 
19. ki-si i-na qa2-qa2-ar na-ak-ri
 
20. tu-uk-ti-il
 
21. ki-si a-na qa2-ti-ia
 
22. szu-lu-ma-am e-li-ka i-szu
 
23. ki-ma an-ni-ki-a-am
 
24. we-ri-a-am la du-mu-qa2-am
 
25. la a-ma-ha-ru-ka ta-la-ma-ad
 
26. i#-na# ki-sa-li-ia
 
50. isz-ti-na-a u2-na-sa3-aq-ma
 
51. e#-le-qe2


'''Left'''
'''Left'''
 
<poem>
1. u3 a-na sza tu-me-i-sza-an-ni
1. 𒅇 𒀀𒈾 𒊭 𒌅𒈨𒄿𒊭𒀭𒉌
 
''1. u₃ a-na ša tu-me-i-ša-an-ni''
2. na-si-ih-ta-am e-pu-usz-ka
2. 𒈾𒋛𒄴𒋫𒄠 𒂊𒁍𒍑𒅗
''2. na-si-iḫ-ta-am e-pu-uš-ka''
</poem>


==English<ref>Oppenheim, Adolf. ''Letters from Mesopotamia: Official Business, and Private Letters on Clay Tablets from Two Millennia''. United Kingdom: University of Chicago Press, 1967.</ref>==
==English<ref>Oppenheim, Adolf. ''Letters from Mesopotamia: Official Business, and Private Letters on Clay Tablets from Two Millennia''. United Kingdom: University of Chicago Press, 1967.</ref>==
Line 152: Line 172:
'''uc' un' ez'e jí nuj āhcorlauax hez'i jutxux (cüa) en.
'''uc' un' ez'e jí nuj āhcorlauax hez'i jutxux (cüa) en.


'''Cozuc'ziý xen (jir' jir') āhsetnyaual hej jál eý xebdet jux xen āhc'anjí.
'''Cozāziý xen (jir' jir') āhsetnyaual hej jál eý xebdet jux xen āhc'anjí.
'''Uc' (jir' jir') setnhiandoc' setnídui setney eylziax eñjar en eý, āhsocjí hez'i yanux az' en āhun' je āhcorjí hez'i curiuc'.
'''Uc' (jir' jir') setnhiandoc' setnídui setney eylziax eñjar en eý, āhsocjí hez'i yanux az' en āhun' je āhcorjí hez'i curiuc'.


Line 158: Line 178:
|Coh-xauc {Ea-nasir}: han-r'úz-ax Nanni jál sutxiux:
|Coh-xauc {Ea-nasir}: han-r'úz-ax Nanni jál sutxiux:
|2>CL2-tell {Ea-nasir} CL2>CL4-come-CAUS Nanni DEM message
|2>CL2-tell {Ea-nasir} CL2>CL4-come-CAUS Nanni DEM message
||display-messages=no|italics2=no|italics3=no|ablist=COMP:comparative:comparison_(grammar)}}
||display-messages=no|italics2=no|italics3=no}}
<br>
<br>
{{interlinear
{{interlinear
|Xil eý āh-coz-r'úz, cor-xauc jál:
|{Xil eý} āh-coz-r'úz, cor-xauc jál:
|{short time} at REL-2>2-come 2>1-say DEM
|when REL-2>2-come 2>1-say DEM
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}
<br>
<br>
{{interlinear
{{interlinear
|"Uc' sehxec {Gimil-Sin} (xil eý āhr'úz) eylziax xedbet c'an."
|"Uc' sehxec {Gimil-Sin} {(xil eý} āhr'úz) eylziax xedbet c'an."
|SUBJ 1>CL2-give {Gimil-Sin} {short time} at REL-come ingot.PL copper {high-quality}
|SUBJ 1>CL2-give {Gimil-Sin} when REL-come ingot.PL copper {high-quality}
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}
<br>
<br>
{{interlinear
{{interlinear
|Coz-ñéi xil eý í cor-señerai.
|Coz-ñéi {xil eý} í cor-señerai.
|2>2-leave {short time} at but 2>1-{break promise}
|2>2-leave then but 2>1-{break promise}
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}
<br>
<br>
Line 201: Line 221:
<br>
<br>
{{interlinear
{{interlinear
|Cozen jál jál āh-cor-jí hez'i curiuc' sutxih!
|Cozen {jál jál} āh-cor-jí hez'i curiuc' sutxih!
|COP.2>2 one REDUP REL-2>1-do {{gcl|ADVZ|adverbializer}} contempt messenger
|COP.2>2 only REL-2>1-do {{gcl|ADVZ|adverbializer}} contempt messenger
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}
<br>
<br>
{{interlinear
{{interlinear
|Un' mina tatniv (réum) je āh-cor-ñuyt'eu-jí, āh-coz-c'ua c'e c'e coz-xauc hez'i jál, xil ne miu setn-xec xedbet iamanad cú xeuayan nu āh-suén je, miu han-xec hez'i xey {Umi-abum} xedbet iamanad cú, hez'i hian-jí ez'e syen ej āh-cu-xañ'-(i)ý-ax xad zíuxañ' mayai eý āh-jiyan'-(i)ý xíc'eu Samas eý je.
|Un' mina tatniv (réum) je āh-cor-ñuyt'eu-jí, āh-coz-c'ua c'e c'e coz-xauc hez'i jál, xil ne miu setn-xec xedbet iamanad cú xeuayan nu āh-suén je, miu han-xec hez'i xey {Umi-abum} xedbet iamanad cú, hez'i hian-jí ez'e syen ej āh-cu-xañ'-(i)ý-ax xad zíuxañ' mayai eý āh-jiyan'-(i)ý xíc'eu Samas eý je.
|COP.CL5>CL5 mina silver pitiful for REL-2>1-{financial debt}-ADJ.VBZ REL-2>2-think {{gcl|ABIL|abilitative}} REDUP 2>2-say {{gcl|ADVZ|adverbializer}} DEM {short time} with PROG 1>CL3-give copper iamanad six xeuayan CL1.POSS REL-COP.1>2 for PROG CL2>CL3-give {{gcl|ADVZ|adverbializer}} share {Umi-abum} copper iamanad six {{gcl|ADVZ|adverbializer}} split-ADJ.VBZ NZ COP.1>1 two REL-1>CL5-write-PASS-CAUS {{gcl|PFRM|pro-form}} tablet covered at REL-keep-PASS temple Samas at for
|COP.CL5>CL5 mina silver pitiful for REL-2>1-debt-ADJ.VBZ REL-2>2-think {{gcl|ABIL|abilitative}} REDUP 2>2-say {{gcl|ADVZ|adverbializer}} DEM {short time} with PROG 1>CL3-give copper iamanad six xeuayan CL1.POSS REL-COP.1>2 for PROG CL2>CL3-give {{gcl|ADVZ|adverbializer}} share {Umi-abum} copper iamanad six {{gcl|ADVZ|adverbializer}} split-ADJ.VBZ NZ COP.1>1 two REL-1>CL5-write-PASS-CAUS {{gcl|PFRM|pro-form}} tablet covered at REL-keep-PASS temple Samas at for
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}
<br>
<br>
Line 226: Line 246:
<br>
<br>
{{interlinear
{{interlinear
|Coz-uc'zi-(i)ý xen (jir' jir') āh-setn-yaual hej jál eý xebdet jux xen āh-c'an-jí.
|Coz-āz-(i)ý xen (jir' jir') āh-setn-yaual hej {jál eý} xebdet jux xen āh-c'an-jí.
|2>2-show-PASS NEG INCH.CONT REDUP REL-1>CL3-accept 2.INAL DEM at copper any NEG REL-{high-quality}-ADJ.VBZ
|2>2-show-PASS NEG INCH.CONT REDUP REL-1>CL3-accept 2.INAL here copper any NEG REL-{high-quality}-ADJ.VBZ
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}
<br>
<br>
Line 234: Line 254:
|SUBJ INCH.CONT REDUP 1>CL3-choose 1>CL3-{do individually} 1>CL3-take ingot.PL yard 1.POSS at REL-1>2-do {{gcl|ADVZ|adverbializer}} freedom reject 1.POSS REL-COP.CL5>CL5 {{gcl|ADVZ|adverbializer}} contempt
|SUBJ INCH.CONT REDUP 1>CL3-choose 1>CL3-{do individually} 1>CL3-take ingot.PL yard 1.POSS at REL-1>2-do {{gcl|ADVZ|adverbializer}} freedom reject 1.POSS REL-COP.CL5>CL5 {{gcl|ADVZ|adverbializer}} contempt
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}
||display-messages=no|italics1=yes|italics2=no|italics3=no}}
== Luthic ==
[[Category:Translated works in Luthic]]
Rogia du Ea-nāṣir: Nanni sangiat lȯ segguente messagġiȯ:
Can qemasti, rodisti mis sva: “Gevarô du Gimil-Sîn (can qemat) liggottos coprom gôdanȧ calitati.” Eis lasciati, ac non tavisti ce faerarodisti mis. Mostrasti liggottos carge non eranno gôdonos messagġerȧ meinȧ (Sit-Sîn) e rodisti: “Si veġlas eis nemare, þû nemâ eis, si non veġlas eis nemare, galeiþâ!”
Faur ci mic hais preso, faur trattare aena persona svasve mic miþ tali disprezzȧ? Sangiai messagġeros herres svasve unse faur riccoġlere la busta lȧ meinȧ scattȧ (depositata miþ·þus), ac trattasti mic disprezzȧ, rispedindo eis inermi mis managae veci, e þata attraverse landȯ fegiandȯ. Hâþ giumano mercantivo ei, caufonno in Telmun ci mic trattaut svasve? Solamente þû trattasti lȯ meinȯ messagġerȯ disprezzȧ! Faurcê giaena aena mina di selovri carge debbȯ þuc, sentis fre faur rogiare destȧ maniera, þande gevai palazzȧ ad ata namnȯ þeinȯ 1.080 libbras coprom, ed Umi-abum analeice gevaut 1.080 libbras coprom, separatamente du ce screvemmos ana aena tavola sigillata faur bihaldada nal·lȯ templȯ di Šamaš.
Come trattasti mic faur gianȯ coprȯ? Gahavesti lȯ meinȯ scattȯ mis in landȯ fegiandȯ; nu ist miþ·þus faur ritornare (il meino scatto) mis follamente.
Capi ei (di horȧ in avante), non andanemarô her nissaenȯ coprȯ þus ei, non ist gôdanȧ calitati. Scolȯ (di horȧ in avante) sceġlere e nemare los liggotos individualmente nal·lȯ meinȯ propriȯ gardȯ, ed usarô þus il meino raetto di rifiutȧ, faurcê mic trattasti disprezzȧ.
==References==
Lëtzelúcia
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