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Luthic: Difference between revisions
→Phonology
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====Phonology==== | ====Phonology==== | ||
Standard Bolognese Luthic is almost identical to Standard Ravennese Luthic, however it has fewer consonant phonemes, itself being very similar to the phonology of Emilian Bolognese dialects. | |||
=====Vowels===== | |||
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" | |||
|- | |||
|+ '''Vowel phonemes of Standard Bolognese Luthic''' | |||
|- | |||
!rowspan="2"| | |||
!colspan="2"|[[w:Front vowel|Front]] | |||
!colspan="2"|[[w:Central vowel|Central]] | |||
!colspan="2"|[[w:Back vowel|Back]] | |||
|- | |||
!{{small|oral}} | |||
!{{small|nasal}} | |||
!{{small|oral}} | |||
!{{small|nasal}} | |||
!{{small|oral}} | |||
!{{small|nasal}} | |||
|- | |||
![[w:Close vowel|Close]] | |||
|[[w:Close front unrounded vowel|i]] | |||
|[[w:Nasalization|ĩ]] | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|[[w:Close back rounded vowel|u]] | |||
|[[w:Nasalization|ũ]] | |||
|- | |||
![[w:Close-mid vowel|Close-mid]] | |||
|[[w:Close-mid front unrounded vowel|e]] | |||
|[[w:Nasalization|ẽ]] | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|[[w:Close-mid back rounded vowel|o]] | |||
|[[w:Nasalization|õ]] | |||
|- | |||
![[w:Open-mid vowel|Open-mid]] | |||
|[[w:Open-mid front unrounded vowel|ɛ]] | |||
| | |||
|[[w:Near-open central vowel|ɐ]] | |||
|[[w:Nasalization|ɐ̃]] | |||
|[[w:Open-mid back rounded vowel|ɔ]] | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
![[w:Open vowel|Open]] | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|[[w:Open central unrounded vowel|a]] | |||
| | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|} | |||
=====Consonants===== | |||
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" | |||
|- | |||
|+ Consonant phonemes of Standard Bolognese Luthic | |||
! colspan=2 rowspan=2 | | |||
! rowspan=2| [[w:Labial consonant|Labial]] | |||
! rowspan=2| [[w:Dental consonant|Dental]]/<br />[[Alveolar consonant|Alveolar]] | |||
! rowspan=2| [[w:Postalveolar consonant|Postalveolar]] | |||
! rowspan=2| [[w:Palatal consonant|Palatal]] | |||
! colspan=2| [[w:Velar consonant|Velar]] | |||
|- | |||
! {{small|plain}} | |||
! {{small|[[w:Labialization|labialized]]}} | |||
|- | |||
!colspan=2| [[w:Nasal consonant|Nasal]] | |||
| [[w:Voiced bilabial nasal|m]] | |||
| [[w:Voiced dental, alveolar and postalveolar nasals|n]] | |||
| | |||
| [[w:Voiced palatal nasal|ɲ]] | |||
| [[w:Voiced velar nasal|ŋ]] | |||
| [[w:Labialization|(ŋʷ)]] | |||
|- | |||
!rowspan=2| [[w:Stop consonant|Plosive]] | |||
! {{small|[[w:voicelessness|voiceless]]}} | |||
| [[w:Voiceless bilabial plosive|p]], [[w:Aspirated consonant|pʰ]] | |||
| [[w:Voiceless dental plosive|t]], [[w:Aspirated consonant|tʰ]] | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| [[w:Voiceless velar plosive|k]], [[w:Aspirated consonant|kʰ]] | |||
| [[w:Labialization|kʷ]] | |||
|- | |||
! {{small|[[w:voice (phonetics)|voiced]]}} | |||
| [[w:Voiced bilabial plosive|b]] | |||
| [[w:Voiced dental plosive|d]] | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| [[w:Voiced velar plosive|ɡ]] | |||
| [[w:Labialization|ɡʷ]] | |||
|- | |||
!rowspan=2| [[w:Fricative consonant|Fricative]] | |||
! {{small|[[w:voicelessness|voiceless]]}} | |||
| [[w:Voiceless labiodental fricative|f]] | |||
| [[w:Voiceless alveolar fricative|s]] [[w:Voiceless dental fricative|θ]] | |||
| [[w:Voiceless postalveolar fricative|ʃ]] | |||
| | |||
| [[w:Voiceless velar fricative|(x)]] | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! {{small|[[w:voice (phonetics)|voiced]]}} | |||
| [[w:Voiced labiodental fricative|v]] | |||
| [[w:Voiced alveolar fricative|z]] | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|colspan=2| | |||
|- | |||
!rowspan=2| [[w:Affricate consonant|Affricate]] | |||
! {{small|[[w:voicelessness|voiceless]]}} | |||
| [[w:Voiceless labiodental affricate|(p͡f)]] | |||
| [[w:Voiceless alveolar affricate|t͡s]] [[w:Voiceless dental non-sibilant affricate|(t͡θ)]] | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! {{small|[[w:voicelessness|voiceless]]}} | |||
| | |||
| [[w:Voiced alveolar affricate|d͡z]] | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
!rowspan=3| [[w:Approximant consonant|Approximant]] | |||
! {{small|[[w:semivowel|semivowel]]}} | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| [[w:Voiced palatal approximant|j]] | |||
| | |||
| [[w:Voiced labial–velar approximant|w]] | |||
|- | |||
! {{small|[[w:Lateral consonant|lateral]]}} | |||
| | |||
| [[w:Voiced dental, alveolar and postalveolar lateral approximants|l]] | |||
| | |||
| [[w:Voiced palatal lateral approximant|ʎ]] | |||
|colspan=2| | |||
|- | |||
! {{small|[[w:Tuscan gorgia|Gorgia Toscana]]}} | |||
| [[w:Voiced labiodental approximant|(ʋ)]] | |||
| [[w:Voiced dental approximant|(ð̞)]] | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| [[w:Voiced velar approximant|(ɣ˕)]] | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! colspan="2" | [[w:Trill consonant|Trill]] | |||
| | |||
| [[w:Voiced dental, alveolar and postalveolar trills|r]] | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|colspan=2| | |||
|} | |||
==Vocabulary== | ==Vocabulary== | ||