Maghrebi Azalic: Difference between revisions

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-'''{{PAGENAME}}''' (lit. [the language] of those who say ''đâu'' [for '2']) is an [[Azalic]] language. It is closer to [[Verse:Lõis/English|English]] than other Azalic languages are, but still a separate language. It is inspired by Vietnamese.
+{{construction}}
-It is in the [[Ăn Yidiș]]-[[Cubrite]] sprachbund.
+In Irta, '''{{PAGENAME}}''' is a North African [[Azalic]] language. It is inspired by Vietnamese, Maghrebi Arabic, and Yiddish. (should rename)
+Its main post-proto-Azalic loan sources are Greek, Knench, English and Arabic.
+== Todo ==
+* eh2, eh3 -> əu(creaky)
+** ''Nguyễn'' /ŋwḭə̯n/: a unisex given name, result of syncope from PAzal *ŋəw̃iən 'renowned, honored' < PIE *ǵnoh₃-ey-mnos 'made known'
+==Phonology==
+as in Vietnamese; note: '''r''' /ɹ/, '''d''' /z/, '''j''' /ʒ/, '''g''' is always /ɣ/, '''x''' /s/, '''s''' /ʃ/, '''đr''' = /ɖ~ɭ/
+m n l can be syllabic
+Maghrebi Azalic is tonal. A stressed syllable may have either modal or creaky tone.
+==Orthography==
+{{PAGENAME}} is natively written in either the Knench alphabet or Latin orthography based on the in-universe Old English orthography.
 ==Morphology==
+Spoken Riphean is analytic, like Colloquial Welsh. Literary Riphean is practically a Literary Knench or Biblical Hebrew relex (as close as you can get from Proto-Azalic).
+===Pronouns===
+*conj. i, du/u, khê, si, it, gia, dul/ul, doi/oi
+*disj. mi, du, khim, kher, it, eox, dul, dam
+*poss. mơ, ur, khex, kher, itx, eor, dux, dar
+inflected prepositions
 ===Nouns===
 Two cases (nominative and genitive), no gender
+*Genitive singular is always ''-x'' or ''-ơx''
+*Plural is almost always nom. ''-i'', gen. ''-xi''
+The definite article is invariably ''dơ''. There is no indefinite article.
+Umlaut, known in-universe as affection, is used for some plurals: for example,
+*''mon'' 'man', ''mơn'' (gen. ''mơnxi'') 'men'.
 ===Verbs===
-{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style=" text-align: center;"
+Only the imperative/infinitive survives in lexical verbs. There is also a passive participle in ''-ơd'' (only used as an adjective).
-|+Verb conjugation
-|-
+Maghrebi Azalic uses a Biblical Hebrew-like tense system, under older [[Knench]] influence:
-! style="width: 90px;" |
+* Proto-Azalic sigmatic, ''ekh'' + sigmatic = yiqṭol, wayyiqṭol
-! style="width: 100px;" | Weak: ''luph'' 'love'
+* Proto-Azalic stative, ''ekh'' + stative = qåṭal, wăqåṭal
-!  style="width: 100px;" | Strong: ''bhendh'' 'tie'
+* imperative
-!  style="width: 100px;" | Semistrong: ''choldh'' 'take, seize'
+The particle ''ekh'', which is analogous to the Hebrew waw-consecutive, derives from PIE *h₁esti-kʷe; it was first used with the sigmatic to disambiguate the past meaning of the sigmatic from the subjunctive meaning, and was extended to the stative by analogy.
-|-
-! Imperative
+===Auxiliaries===
-| ''luph'' || ''benn'' || ''kholl''
+Colloquial {{PAGENAME}} has an auxiliary verb system similar to Colloquial Welsh. In addition, there is a T-V distinction: the 2nd person plural is also used as a polite pronoun.
-|-
-! Nonpast
+==Sample text==
-| ''luphơs'' || ''bennơs'' || ''khollơs''
+===From "The Nightingale and the Rose" (Oscar Wilde)===
-|-
+{{col-begin}}
-! Conditional
+{{col-break}}
-| ''luphơr'' || ''bennơr'' || ''khollơr''
+<poem>
-|-
+'''Dơ Noitingươl đu dơ Vard'''
-! Past
-| ''luphơd'' || ''bonn'' || ''khơll''
+"Ted si gêu ter si pho khơrđi gim vưt ter i pho ơdvơr vardơx radơx đor," biêc dơ Mathit dưng; "ơlt nis vard rad in ol mơ buxtn."
-|-
-! Active part.
+Phar kher nert on dơ đriêu kholm-uôc khar dơ Noitingươl khim, đu otơc si eot thơr dơ lavơx, đu pharơcs si.
-| ''luphơnt'' || ''bennơnt'' || ''khơllơnt''
-|-
+"Nis vard rad in ol mơ buxtn!" biêc khê, đu phêl khis êux phormuôs gi đơr. "Ôi, on khot thengơx lihtl tis dơ phơlíxơđê ot dơpén! Im pho cri ol thengơx tis dơ sajơx pho scriv, đu sêu ol misriơx philóxophi mơ dal, ơlt on devit vard rad tis mơ loiv pho khoel bilihtơd."
-! Passive part.
+</poem>
-| ''luphơd'' || ''bannơn'' || ''khollơn''
+{{col-break}}
-|}
+<poem>
+'''The Nightingale and the Rose'''
+'She said that she would dance with me if I brought her red roses,' cried the young Student; 'but in all my garden there is no red rose.'
+From her nest in the holm-oak tree the Nightingale heard him, and she looked out through the leaves, and wondered.
-[[Category:Lõis]][[Category:Azalic languages]][[Category:Indo-European languages]]
+'No red rose in all my garden!' he cried, and his beautiful eyes filled with tears. 'Ah, on what little things does happiness depend! I have read all that the wise men have written, and all the secrets of philosophy are mine, yet for want of a red rose is my life made wretched.'
+</poem>
+[[Category:Indo-European languages]]