138,726
edits
Maghrebi Azalic: Difference between revisions
m
→Verbs
m (IlL moved page Đâu-Gêuơrxi to Riphean without leaving a redirect) |
m (→Verbs) |
||
| (53 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown) | |||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{construction}} | |||
In Irta, '''{{PAGENAME}}''' is a North African [[Azalic]] language. It is inspired by Vietnamese, Maghrebi Arabic, and Yiddish. (should rename) | |||
Its main post-proto-Azalic loan sources are Greek, Knench, English and Arabic. | |||
== Todo == | |||
* eh2, eh3 -> əu(creaky) | |||
** ''Nguyễn'' /ŋwḭə̯n/: a unisex given name, result of syncope from PAzal *ŋəw̃iən 'renowned, honored' < PIE *ǵnoh₃-ey-mnos 'made known' | |||
==Phonology== | ==Phonology== | ||
| Line 7: | Line 13: | ||
m n l can be syllabic | m n l can be syllabic | ||
Maghrebi Azalic is tonal. A stressed syllable may have either modal or creaky tone. | |||
==Orthography== | ==Orthography== | ||
{{PAGENAME}} is natively written in either the | {{PAGENAME}} is natively written in either the Knench alphabet or Latin orthography based on the in-universe Old English orthography. | ||
==Morphology== | ==Morphology== | ||
Spoken Riphean is analytic, like Colloquial Welsh. Literary Riphean is practically a Literary Knench or Biblical Hebrew relex (as close as you can get from Proto-Azalic). | |||
===Pronouns=== | ===Pronouns=== | ||
*conj. i, du/u, khê, si, it, gia, dul/ul, doi/oi | *conj. i, du/u, khê, si, it, gia, dul/ul, doi/oi | ||
*disj. mi, du, khim, kher, it, eox, dul, dam | *disj. mi, du, khim, kher, it, eox, dul, dam | ||
*poss. | *poss. mơ, ur, khex, kher, itx, eor, dux, dar | ||
inflected prepositions | inflected prepositions | ||
| Line 27: | Line 36: | ||
The definite article is invariably ''dơ''. There is no indefinite article. | The definite article is invariably ''dơ''. There is no indefinite article. | ||
Umlaut, known in | Umlaut, known in-universe as affection, is used for some plurals: for example, | ||
*''mon'' 'man', ''mơn'' (gen. ''mơnxi'') 'men'. | *''mon'' 'man', ''mơn'' (gen. ''mơnxi'') 'men'. | ||
| Line 33: | Line 42: | ||
Only the imperative/infinitive survives in lexical verbs. There is also a passive participle in ''-ơd'' (only used as an adjective). | Only the imperative/infinitive survives in lexical verbs. There is also a passive participle in ''-ơd'' (only used as an adjective). | ||
Maghrebi Azalic uses a Biblical Hebrew-like tense system, under older [[Knench]] influence: | |||
* Proto-Azalic sigmatic, ''ekh'' + sigmatic = yiqṭol, wayyiqṭol | |||
* Proto-Azalic stative, ''ekh'' + stative = qåṭal, wăqåṭal | |||
* imperative | |||
The particle ''ekh'', which is analogous to the Hebrew waw-consecutive, derives from PIE *h₁esti-kʷe; it was first used with the sigmatic to disambiguate the past meaning of the sigmatic from the subjunctive meaning, and was extended to the stative by analogy. | |||
===Auxiliaries=== | ===Auxiliaries=== | ||
{{PAGENAME}} has an auxiliary verb system similar to Colloquial Welsh. In addition, there is a T-V distinction: the 2nd person plural is also used as a polite pronoun. | Colloquial {{PAGENAME}} has an auxiliary verb system similar to Colloquial Welsh. In addition, there is a T-V distinction: the 2nd person plural is also used as a polite pronoun. | ||
==Sample text== | ==Sample text== | ||
| Line 117: | Line 58: | ||
'''Dơ Noitingươl đu dơ Vard''' | '''Dơ Noitingươl đu dơ Vard''' | ||
"Ted si gêu ter si pho khơrđi gim vưt ter i pho ơdvơr vardơx radơx đor," biêc dơ Mathit dưng; "ơlt nis vard rad in ol | "Ted si gêu ter si pho khơrđi gim vưt ter i pho ơdvơr vardơx radơx đor," biêc dơ Mathit dưng; "ơlt nis vard rad in ol mơ buxtn." | ||
Phar kher nert on dơ đriêu kholm-uôc khar dơ Noitingươl khim, đu otơc si eot thơr dơ lavơx, đu pharơcs si. | Phar kher nert on dơ đriêu kholm-uôc khar dơ Noitingươl khim, đu otơc si eot thơr dơ lavơx, đu pharơcs si. | ||
"Nis vard rad in ol | "Nis vard rad in ol mơ buxtn!" biêc khê, đu phêl khis êux phormuôs gi đơr. "Ôi, on khot thengơx lihtl tis dơ phơlíxơđê ot dơpén! Im pho cri ol thengơx tis dơ sajơx pho scriv, đu sêu ol misriơx philóxophi mơ dal, ơlt on devit vard rad tis mơ loiv pho khoel bilihtơd." | ||
</poem> | </poem> | ||
{{col-break}} | {{col-break}} | ||
| Line 133: | Line 74: | ||
'No red rose in all my garden!' he cried, and his beautiful eyes filled with tears. 'Ah, on what little things does happiness depend! I have read all that the wise men have written, and all the secrets of philosophy are mine, yet for want of a red rose is my life made wretched.' | 'No red rose in all my garden!' he cried, and his beautiful eyes filled with tears. 'Ah, on what little things does happiness depend! I have read all that the wise men have written, and all the secrets of philosophy are mine, yet for want of a red rose is my life made wretched.' | ||
</poem> | </poem> | ||
[[Category:Indo-European languages]] | |||