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Matzeriei: Difference between revisions
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===Prosody=== | ===Prosody=== | ||
====Stress==== | ====Stress==== | ||
Stress in Matzerieu is usually fixed on the antepenult syllable. This means that bisyllabic and trisyllabic nouns have stress on the first syllable. | |||
:{| | |||
|- | |||
| style="width: 5em;" | ''tauta'' | |||
| style="width: 7em;" | [ˈtau̯.ta] | |||
| style="width: 5em;" | ‘weapon’ | |||
|- | |||
| style="width: 5em;" | ''mistuni'' | |||
| style="width: 7em;" | [ˈmis.tu.ni] | |||
| style="width: 5em;" | ‘cat’ | |||
|- | |||
| style="width: 5em;" | ''iḳal-an'' | |||
| style="width: 7em;" | [ˈi.kʰa.lãŋ] | |||
| style="width: 5em;" | ‘coil-{{smallcaps|pl}}’ | |||
|- | |||
|} | |||
====Intonation==== | ====Intonation==== | ||
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====Case==== | ====Case==== | ||
There are seven grammatical cases in Matzerieu: ergative, absolutive, dative, genitive, locative, ablative, and instrumental. Semantically and sintactically, the first three are the core cases of the verbal phrase. | There are seven grammatical cases in Matzerieu: ergative, absolutive, dative, genitive, locative, ablative, and instrumental. Semantically and sintactically, the first three are the core cases of the verbal phrase. | ||
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" | |||
|+ Case and number paradigm for nouns according to the last segment of their root | |||
|- | |||
! | | |||
! colspan="2" | Consonant-final | |||
! colspan="2" | Vowel-final | |||
|- | |||
! style="text-align: left;" | Case !! Sg. !! Pl. !! Sg. !! Pl. | |||
|- | |||
! style="text-align: left;" | Ergative | |||
| -s || -ans || -s || -ns | |||
|- | |||
! style="text-align: left;" | Absolutive ({{smallcaps|inan}}/{{smallcaps|anim}}) | |||
| -∅/-i || -an/-ani || -∅/-i || -n/-ni | |||
|- | |||
! style="text-align: left;" | Dative | |||
| -ek || -anek || -k ||-nek | |||
|- | |||
! style="text-align: left;" | Genitive | |||
| -u || -anu || -u || -nu | |||
|- | |||
! style="text-align: left;" | Locative | |||
| -er || -aner || -r || -ner | |||
|- | |||
! style="text-align: left;" | Ablative | |||
| -el || -anel || -l || -nel | |||
|- | |||
! style="text-align: left;" | Instrumental | |||
| -en || -anen || -n ||-nen | |||
|} | |||
=====Ergative case===== | |||
Volitional agents always take the ergative case, even in intransitive verbs. This usage contrasts with that of typical ergative-absolutive languages, in which the subject of intransitive verbs take the absolutive case. | |||
:{| | |||
|- | |||
| colspan="2" | ''T’irs ilat.'' | |||
|- style="font-size: 87.5%;" | |||
| t=ir-s || il-at | |||
|- style="font-size: 87.5%;" | |||
| {{smallcaps|def}}=woman-{{smallcaps|erg}} || read({{smallcaps|ipfv}}).{{smallcaps|npst}}-{{smallcaps|3sg}}.{{smallcaps|act}} | |||
|- | |||
| colspan="2" style="padding-bottom:1em" | ‘The woman reads/is reading.’ | |||
|} | |||
:{| | |||
|- | |||
| colspan="3" | ''Te’vos te’ʒenǯui uhriʒetát.'' | |||
|- style="font-size: 87.5%;" | |||
| te=vo-s || te=ʒenǯu-i || uhriʒe-t´-at | |||
|- style="font-size: 87.5%;" | |||
| {{smallcaps|def}}=man-{{smallcaps|erg}} || {{smallcaps|def}}=snake-{{smallcaps|abs}} || kill({{smallcaps|pfv}})-{{smallcaps|pst}}-{{smallcaps|3sg}}.{{smallcaps|act}} | |||
|- | |||
| colspan="3" | ‘The man killed the snake.’ | |||
|} | |||
===Verbs=== | ===Verbs=== | ||