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{{Windermere sidebar}} | {{Windermere sidebar}} | ||
'''Classical Windermere''' ('''CWdm''', native name: ''wănaang Dămee'' /wɔnaʱŋ dɔˈmeʱ/; Modern Wdm.: ''fi wănäng Impida'' 'the language of the Pida (Sages)'; [[Skellan]]: ''a łynǿñ Dymée ryn Byðá'') is a standardized variety of Windermere based on the language of Windermere texts written from ca. fT -300 through fT 500. Alongside its relative [[Classical Tseer]], Classical Windermere served as a lingua franca of learning, governance, law, and religion in premodern Talma and lent many words to other Talman languages. Later Classical Windermere borrowed many words from Classical Tseer. | '''Classical Windermere''' ('''CWdm''', native name: ''wănaang Dămee'' /wɔnaʱŋ dɔˈmeʱ/; Modern Wdm.: ''fi wănäng Impida'' 'the language of the Pida (Sages)'; [[Skellan]]: ''a łynǿñ Dymée ryn Byðá'') is a standardized variety of Windermere based on the language of Windermere texts written from ca. fT -300 through fT 500. Alongside its relative [[Classical Tseer]], Classical Windermere served as a lingua franca of learning, governance, law, and religion in premodern Talma and lent many words to other Talman languages. Later Classical Windermere borrowed many words from Classical Tseer. | ||
Especially in its religious register, it was influenced by [[Tigol]]. | |||
== Todo == | == Todo == | ||
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! colspan="2" | | ! colspan="2" | | ||
! |Labial | ! |Labial | ||
! |Alveolar | ! |Alveolar | ||
! |Lateral | |||
! |Palatal | ! |Palatal | ||
! |Velar | ! |Velar | ||
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| | | | ||
| '''ts''' /ts̪/ | | '''ts''' /ts̪/ | ||
| '''tł''' / | | '''tł''' /tɬ/ | ||
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| '''s''' /s̪/ | | '''s''' /s̪/ | ||
| '''ł''' / | | '''ł''' /ɬ/ | ||
| '''ș''' /ʃ/ | | '''ș''' /ʃ/ | ||
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Concatenative plurals (especially for longer words): | Concatenative plurals (especially for longer words): | ||
*''păltsiφ'' 'merchant' > ''impăltsiφ'' 'merchants' | *''păltsiφ'' 'merchant' > ''impăltsiφ'' 'merchants' | ||
*''neeχ-snooχ'' 'man of learning' > ''luc-snooχ'' | |||
====Gender==== | ====Gender==== | ||
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*1sg: ''rĭ-'' +V | *1sg: ''rĭ-'' +V | ||
*2sg: ''hĭ-'' +V (m), ''hĭ-'' (f) | *2sg: ''hĭ-'' +V (m), ''hĭ-'' (f) | ||
*3sg: ''ĭ-'' +V (m), '' | *3sg: ''ĭ-'' +V (m), ''ĭs-'' (f) | ||
*1pl exclusive: ''tsă-'' +V | *1pl exclusive: ''tsă-'' +V | ||
*1pl inclusive: ''su-'' +V (from a fossilized ''seew'' 'here') | *1pl inclusive: ''su-'' +V (from a fossilized ''seew'' 'here') | ||
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====Prepositions==== | ====Prepositions==== | ||
Classical Windermere had inflected prepositions, like [[Tigol]] and most modern Talmic languages | Classical Windermere had inflected prepositions, like [[Tigol]] and most modern Talmic languages. Some prepositions had suppletive forms when inflected. | ||
The regular pronominal affixes: | The regular pronominal affixes: | ||
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*''șa'' 'to, for': ''șar, șał, șăłes, șan, șas, șatsa, șbang, șăłam, șăłam, șănam, șăsam'' | *''șa'' 'to, for': ''șar, șał, șăłes, șan, șas, șatsa, șbang, șăłam, șăłam, șănam, șăsam'' | ||
*''φa'' 'from': ''ăχir, ăχeł, ăχłes, ăχin, ăχis, ăχtsa, ăχbang, ăχłam, ăχłam, ăχnam, ăχsam'' | *''φa'' 'from': ''ăχir, ăχeł, ăχłes, ăχin, ăχis, ăχtsa, ăχbang, ăχłam, ăχłam, ăχnam, ăχsam'' | ||
*''ya'' 'with: ''yăngir, yăngeł, yăngłes, yăngin, yăngis, yăngtsa, yăbang, yăłam; yănam, yăsam'' | |||
Sometimes variant forms with -ng- show up: e.g. ''șăngłam'' or ''șăngar'' | Sometimes variant forms with -ng- show up: e.g. ''șăngłam'' or ''șăngar'' | ||
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Ngiiθ dur mogor se taχ χaaθ. "Măra łĭnam?" tăbits φin Pĭda Brăwid. | Ngiiθ dur mogor se taχ χaaθ. "Măra łĭnam?" tăbits φin Pĭda Brăwid. | ||
Mi-ăngnuung căχθaaθ năθa emrĭtsal sen doon: "Șrüχ te-stiiw: taχ mognas, θaφ te-müts θraaφ, liw stăliiw, θaφ te-müts | Mi-ăngnuung căχθaaθ năθa emrĭtsal sen doon: "Șrüχ te-stiiw: taχ mognas, θaφ te-müts θraaφ, liw stăliiw, θaφ te-müts sălmeχ, taχ mălüüts, doon tălaχ." | ||
"Ǎna mee ra, srü hĭdeen croθ năθa?" tăbits φin Pĭda Brăwid. | "Ǎna mee ra, srü hĭdeen croθ năθa?" tăbits φin Pĭda Brăwid. | ||
"Op cănga, φin Pĭda: tsor pădiχ φnărtaang, te ămsaχ păχwădiχ năθa ya φin croθ φi!" eφθooc φin χaaθ. | |||
"Ăruy șa-χaaθ ses tsărüng te sen θăpal φănaw φănaw." esngim | "Ăruy șa-χaaθ ses tsărüng te sen θăpal φănaw φănaw." esngim | ||