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Natalician orthography reflects voice sandhi voicing, a form of consonant mutation with two consonants that meet, and the second is voiced and the first is unvoiced. The first unvoiced consonant {{IPA|[p t f ʃ t͡ʃ θ k s]}} is voiced to {{IPA|[b d v ʒ d͡ʒ ð ɡ z]}}, but the orthography remains unchanged. This usually does not include load words. | Natalician orthography reflects voice sandhi voicing, a form of consonant mutation with two consonants that meet, and the second is voiced and the first is unvoiced. The first unvoiced consonant {{IPA|[p t f ʃ t͡ʃ θ k s]}} is voiced to {{IPA|[b d v ʒ d͡ʒ ð ɡ z]}}, but the orthography remains unchanged. This usually does not include load words. | ||
=== Vowels === | ====Vowels==== | ||
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" | |||
|- | |||
|+ '''Vowel phonemes of Standard Luthic''' | |||
|- | |||
!rowspan="2"| | |||
!colspan="2"|[[w:Front vowel|Front]] | |||
!colspan="2"|[[w:Central vowel|Central]] | |||
!colspan="2"|[[w:Back vowel|Back]] | |||
|- | |||
!{{small|oral}} | |||
!{{small|nasal}} | |||
!{{small|oral}} | |||
!{{small|nasal}} | |||
!{{small|oral}} | |||
!{{small|nasal}} | |||
|- | |||
![[w:Close vowel|Close]] | |||
|i y | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|u | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
![[w:Close-mid vowel|Close-mid]] | |||
|e œ | |||
| | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|o | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
![[w:Open-mid vowel|Open-mid]] | |||
|ɛ æ | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
![[w:Open vowel|Open]] | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|a | |||
| | |||
|colspan="2"| | |||
|} | |||
The vowels of the Turkish language are, in their alphabetical order, {{angbr|a}}, {{angbr|ä}}, {{angbr|e}}, {{angbr|i}}, {{angbr|o}}, {{angbr|ö}}, {{angbr|u}}, {{angbr|ü}}. | The vowels of the Turkish language are, in their alphabetical order, {{angbr|a}}, {{angbr|ä}}, {{angbr|e}}, {{angbr|i}}, {{angbr|o}}, {{angbr|ö}}, {{angbr|u}}, {{angbr|ü}}. | ||
The Turkish vowel system can be considered as being three-dimensional, where vowels are characterised by how and where they are articulated focusing on three key features: [[Vowel#Backness|front and back]], [[Roundedness|rounded and unrounded]] and [[Vowel#Height|vowel height]].<ref name=":12">{{Cite book|title=Turkish: A Comprehensive Grammar|last1=Goksel|first1=Asli|last2=Kerslake|first2=Celia|publisher=Routledge|year=2005|isbn=0-415-11494-2|pages=24–25}}</ref> Vowels are classified [±back], [±round] and [±high].<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Khalilzadeh|first=Amir|date=Winter 2010|title=Vowel Harmony in Turkish|journal=Karadeniz Araştırmaları: Balkan, Kafkas, Doğu Avrupa ve Anadolu İncelemeleri Dergisi|volume=6|issue=24|pages=141–150}}</ref> | The Turkish vowel system can be considered as being three-dimensional, where vowels are characterised by how and where they are articulated focusing on three key features: [[Vowel#Backness|front and back]], [[Roundedness|rounded and unrounded]] and [[Vowel#Height|vowel height]].<ref name=":12">{{Cite book|title=Turkish: A Comprehensive Grammar|last1=Goksel|first1=Asli|last2=Kerslake|first2=Celia|publisher=Routledge|year=2005|isbn=0-415-11494-2|pages=24–25}}</ref> Vowels are classified [±back], [±round] and [±high].<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Khalilzadeh|first=Amir|date=Winter 2010|title=Vowel Harmony in Turkish|journal=Karadeniz Araştırmaları: Balkan, Kafkas, Doğu Avrupa ve Anadolu İncelemeleri Dergisi|volume=6|issue=24|pages=141–150}}</ref> | ||
The only [[diphthong]]s in the language are found in [[loanword]]s and may be categorised as falling diphthongs usually analyzed as a sequence of /j/ and a vowel.<ref name=zimmerorgun/> | The only [[diphthong]]s in the language are found in [[loanword]]s and may be categorised as falling diphthongs usually analyzed as a sequence of /j/ and a vowel.<ref name=zimmerorgun/> | ||
=====Notes===== | |||
When the mid vowels /ε, ɔ/ precede a nasal, they become close [ẽ] rather than [ε̃] and [õ] rather than [ɔ̃]. | |||
[[File:Luthic oral vowels.png|thumb|[[w:Monophthong|Oral monophthongs]] of Standard Luthic]] | |||
==== Vowel harmony ==== | ==== Vowel harmony ==== |
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