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Old Teuthish is a pretty standard ancient northern IE language, with a highly inflecting nominal morphology and a somewhat reduced verbal morphology. | Old Teuthish is a pretty standard ancient northern IE language, with a highly inflecting nominal morphology and a somewhat reduced verbal morphology. | ||
There are seven grammatical cases in Old Teuthish: nominative, genitive, accusative, instrumental, dative, locative and vocative. There are also three numbers: singular, dual and plural, with the dual showing up only in pronouns and verbs. | There are seven grammatical cases in Old Teuthish: nominative, genitive, accusative, instrumental, dative, locative and vocative. There are also three numbers: singular, dual and plural, with the dual showing up only in pronouns and verbs. | ||
<poem> | |||
wulχwas, wulχwās | wulχwas, wulχwās | ||
wulχwan, wulχwans | wulχwan, wulχwans | ||
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wulχwei, wulχwaisu | wulχwei, wulχwaisu | ||
wulχwe!, wulχwās! | wulχwe!, wulχwās! | ||
</poem> | |||
<poem> | |||
munθís, munθī́s | |||
munθín, munθíns | |||
munθī́s, munθíjān | |||
munθī́, munθímas | |||
munθī́, munθímis | |||
munθī́, munθísu | |||
munθí!, munθī́s! | |||
</poem> | |||
<poem> | |||
purθús, purθíwes | |||
purθún, purθúns | |||
purθáus, purθíwān | |||
purθíwi, purθúmas | |||
purθū́, purθúmis | |||
purθíwei, purθúsu | |||
purθú!, purθíwes! | |||
</poem> | |||
===Adjectives=== | |||
Adjectives come in two different declensions, indefinite and definite, used as in Latvian. | |||
<poem> | |||
alθás, alθā́, alθán, alθḗ/alθṓs/alθā́ | |||
alθánān, alθā́n, alθán, alθáns/alθā́s/alθā | |||
alθássa, alθáisās, alθássa, alθáisōn | |||
alθámmē, alθáisē, alθámmē, alθáimas | |||
alθánā, alθáisā, alθánā, alθáimis | |||
alθámmi, alθáisā, alθámmi, alθáisu | |||
</poem> | |||
<poem> | |||
alθṓ, alθā́n, alθṓ, alθ(á/ā́)nis/alθā́n | |||
alθánun, alθā́nun, alθṓ, alθ(á/ā́)nus/alθā́n | |||
alθínis, alθā́nis, alθínis, alθ(á/ā́)nōn | |||
alθíni, alθā́ni, alθíni, alθ(ám/ā́)mas | |||
alθínē, alθā́nē, alθínē, alθ(ám/ā́)mis | |||
alθínī, alθā́nī, alθínī, alθ(ám/ā́)su | |||
</poem> | |||
Most adjectives follow this paradigm, except for ordinal numbers which use -ī- instead of -ā- in the weak declension. | |||
===Verbs=== | |||
imperfect/preterite distinction as in Romance languages | |||
===Lexicon=== | |||
*ainakúrθ, twikúrθ, θrikúrθ etc. = once, twice, thrice etc. | |||
[[Category:Stem-Germanic]] |
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