Oseliska: Difference between revisions

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{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|-
! Person !! Singular !! Plural
!rowspan=2|
!colspan=2| Present
!colspan=2| Past
!colspan=2| Present Conditional
|-
|-
| 1|| [PRES]-n || [PRES]-hmë
! Singular !! Plural !! Singular !! Plural !! Singular !! Plural
|-
|-
| 2|| [PRES]-t|| [PRES]-htë
| 1|| [PRES]-n || [PRES]-hmë || [PAST]-n || [PAST]-më || [PRES]-ksin || [PRES]-ksimë
|-
|-
| 3|| [PRES]-p|| [PRES]-vat/vät
| 2|| [PRES]-t|| [PRES]-htë || [PAST]-t|| [PAST]-të || [PRES]-ksit|| [PRES]-ksitë
|-
| 3|| [PRES]-p|| [PRES]-vat/vät || [PAST]|| [PAST]-t || [PRES]-ksi || [PRES]-ksit
|}
|}


Past tense:
Example:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|-
! Person !! Singular !! Plural
!rowspan=7|''laulla'' 'to sing'
|-
| 1|| [PAST]-n || [PAST]-më
|-
| 2|| [PAST]-t|| [PAST]-të
|-
|-
| 3|| [PAST]|| [PAST]-t
!rowspan=2|
|}
!colspan=2| Present
 
!colspan=2| Past
Present conditional:
!colspan=2| Present Conditional
 
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|-
! Person !! Singular !! Plural
! Singular !! Plural !! Singular !! Plural !! Singular !! Plural
|-
|-
| 1|| [PRES]-ksin || [PRES]-ksimë
| 1|| laulan || laulahmë || laulin || laulimë || laulaksin || laulaksimë
|-
|-
| 2|| [PRES]-ksit|| [PRES]-ksitë
| 2|| laulat|| laulahtë || laulit|| laulitë || laulaksit|| laulaksitë
|-
|-
| 3|| [PRES]-ksi || [PRES]-ksit
| 3|| laulap|| laulavat || lauli|| laulit || laulaksi || laulaksit
|}
|}



Revision as of 13:17, 5 April 2016

L-Norwegian is a Finnic language spoken in User:IlL/Lõis's Norway.


Introduction

Phonology

All letters are pronounced as in Finnish except d which is pronounced /ð/, ë pronounced /ə/, ü pronounced /y/ and ie, uo, üö pronounced /iə, uə, yə/.

Stress is always on the first syllable.

Vowel harmony

a, o, u are back; ä, ö, ü, e are front; ë, i are neutral.

Morphophonology

Morphology

Nouns

L-Norwegian has 14 cases. Nouns have five stems, the nominative, genitive, partitive, dative and partitive plural.

Singular Plural
Nominative [NOM] [GEN]-t
Genitive [GEN]-n [PARTPL]-tën
Partitive [PART] [PARTPL]-ta/tä
Illative [GEN]-ssën, [DAT]-n [PARTPL]-ihën
Inessive [GEN]-ssa/-ssä [PARTPL]-issa/issä
Elative [GEN]-sta/-stä [PARTPL]-ista/istä
Allative [GEN]-llë [PARTPL]-illë
Adessive [GEN]-lla/-llä [PARTPL]-illa/illä
Ablative [GEN]-lta/-ltä [PARTPL]-ilta/iltä
Translative [GEN]-ksi [PARTPL]-iksi
Essive [GEN]-na/-nä [PARTPL]-ina/-inä
Abessive [GEN]-hta/-htä [PARTPL]-ihta/-ihtä
Comitative [GEN]-në [PARTPL]-inë
Instructive [GEN]-n [PARTPL]-in

Example:

käsi 'hand, arm' Singular Plural
Nominative käsi kädët
Genitive kädën kästën
Partitive kättä kästä
Illative kädëssën, kätën käsihën
Inessive kädëssä käsissä
Elative kädëstä käsistä
Allative kädëllë käsillë
Adessive kädëllä käsillä
Ablative kädëltä käsiltä
Translative kädëksi käsiksi
Essive kädënä käsinä
Abessive kädëhtä käsihtä
Comitative kädënë käsinë
Instructive kädën käsin

Verbs

Present tense:

Present Past Present Conditional
Singular Plural Singular Plural Singular Plural
1 [PRES]-n [PRES]-hmë [PAST]-n [PAST]-më [PRES]-ksin [PRES]-ksimë
2 [PRES]-t [PRES]-htë [PAST]-t [PAST]-të [PRES]-ksit [PRES]-ksitë
3 [PRES]-p [PRES]-vat/vät [PAST] [PAST]-t [PRES]-ksi [PRES]-ksit

Example:

laulla 'to sing'
Present Past Present Conditional
Singular Plural Singular Plural Singular Plural
1 laulan laulahmë laulin laulimë laulaksin laulaksimë
2 laulat laulahtë laulit laulitë laulaksit laulaksitë
3 laulap laulavat lauli laulit laulaksi laulaksit

Syntax

Constituent order

Noun phrase

Verb phrase

Sentence phrase

Dependent clauses

Example texts

Other resources