Proto-Haïdic: Difference between revisions
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|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;" | II | | style="text-align:center;" | II | ||
| ''* | | ''*putih'' | ||
| ''* | | ''*ʔuptih'' | ||
| ''*ʔupātuhu'' | | ''*ʔupātuhu'' | ||
| ''*u''-mediopassive, used to form intransitive verbs from transitive Stem I verbs. | | ''*u''-mediopassive, used to form intransitive verbs from transitive Stem I verbs. | ||
| ' | | 'I am stricken' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;" | III | | style="text-align:center;" | III | ||
| ''*itpatah'' | | ''*itpatah'' | ||
| ''*ʔamitpatah'' | | ''*ʔamitpatah'' | ||
| ''* | | ''*ʔamitpātuhu'' | ||
| Simple stem with t-infix after first radical, indicating reciprocal or reflexive. | | Simple stem with t-infix after first radical, indicating reciprocal or reflexive. | ||
| 'we strike each other' | | 'we strike each other' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;" | IV | | style="text-align:center;" | IV | ||
| ''* | | ''*itputih'' | ||
| ''* | | ''*ʔitputih'' | ||
| ''*ʔitputuhu'' | | ''*ʔitputuhu'' | ||
| ''*u''-mediopassive with t-infix after first radical, indicating reflexive. | | ''*u''-mediopassive with t-infix after first radical, indicating reflexive. | ||
| Line 184: | Line 184: | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;" | VI | | style="text-align:center;" | VI | ||
| ''* | | ''*puttih'' | ||
| ''* | | ''*ʔuputtih'' | ||
| ''*ʔuputtuhu'' | | ''*ʔuputtuhu'' | ||
| ''*u''-mediopassive with gemination of the second radical, indicating the intensive | | ''*u''-mediopassive with gemination of the second radical, indicating the intensive mediopassive. | ||
| 'I am destroyed' | | 'I am destroyed' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align:center;" | VII | | style="text-align:center;" | VII | ||
| ''*itpattah'' | |||
| ''*ʔamitpattah'' | |||
| ''*ʔamitpattuhu'' | |||
| Gemination of the second radical with t-infix after first radical, indicating intensive reciprocal or reflexive. | |||
| 'we destroy each other' | |||
|- | |||
| style="text-align:center;" | VIII | |||
| ''*itputtih'' | |||
| ''*ʔitputtih'' | |||
| ''*ʔitputtuhu'' | |||
| ''*u''-mediopassive with gemination of the second radical and t-infix after first radical, indicating intensive reflexive. | |||
| 'I destroy myself' | |||
|- | |||
| style="text-align:center;" | IX | |||
| ''*siptah'' | | ''*siptah'' | ||
| ''*ʔasiptah'' | | ''*ʔasiptah'' | ||
| ''*ʔasiptuhu'' | | ''*ʔasiptuhu'' | ||
| ''*s''- | | ''*s''-performative, indicating the causative of intransitive Stem I verbs. | ||
| 'I make them strike' | | 'I make them strike' | ||
|- | |||
| style="text-align:center;" | IX | |||
| ''*sitpatah'' | |||
| ''*ʔasitpatah'' | |||
| ''*ʔasitpātuhu'' | |||
| ''*s''-performative with t-infix after first radical, indicating causative reciprocal or reflexive. | |||
| 'I make them strike each other' | |||
|- | |||
| style="text-align:center;" | X | |||
| ''*sitputih'' | |||
| ''*ʔasitputih'' | |||
| ''*ʔasitputuhu'' | |||
| ''*s''-performative and ''*u''-mediopassive with t-infix after first radical, indicating causative reflexive. | |||
| 'I make them strike themselves' | |||
|- | |||
| style="text-align:center;" | XI | |||
| ''*sipattah'' | |||
| ''*ʔasipattah'' | |||
| ''*ʔasipattuhu'' | |||
| ''*s''-performative with gemination of the second radical, indicating the intensive causative. | |||
| 'I make them destroy' | |||
|- | |||
| style="text-align:center;" | XII | |||
| ''*sitpattah'' | |||
| ''*ʔasitpattah'' | |||
| ''*ʔasitpattuhu'' | |||
| ''*s''-performative with gemination of the second radical and t-infix after first radical, indicating the intensive causative reciprocal or reflexive. | |||
| 'I make them destroy each other' | |||
|- | |||
| style="text-align:center;" | XIII | |||
| ''*sitputtih'' | |||
| ''*ʔasitputtih'' | |||
| ''*ʔasitpattuhu'' | |||
| ''*s''-performative and ''*u''-mediopassive with gemination of the second radical and t-infix after first radical, indicating the intensive causative reflexive. | |||
| 'I make them destroy themselves' | |||
|} | |} | ||
Revision as of 07:10, 4 June 2020
| Proto-Haïdic | |
|---|---|
| Created by | Limius |
| Setting | Avrid |
| Native to | Fasser |
| Ethnicity | Fasserman |
Haïdic
| |
Proto-Haïdic is the reconstructed ancestor to the Haïdic language family.
Phonology
Consonants
| Labial | Interdental | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Pharyn- geal |
Glottal | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| plain | emphatic | plain | emphatic | plain | emphatic | ||||||
| Nasal | *m | *n | |||||||||
| Plosive | voiceless | *p | *t | *t’ | *k | *k’ | *ʔ | ||||
| voiced | *b | *d | *g | ||||||||
| Fricative | voiceless | *θ | *θ’ | *s | *s’ | *x | *ħ | *h | |||
| voiced | *ð | *z | *ɣ | *ʕ | |||||||
| Lateral fricative |
voiceless | *ɬ | *ɬ’ | ||||||||
| voiced | *ɮ | ||||||||||
| Approximate | *y | *w | |||||||||
Verbs
| Stem | Verb | Description | Meaning | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| adnominal | conclusive | infinitive | |||
| I | *patah | *ʔaptah | *ʔaptuhu | The simple stem for transitive and intransitive verbs. | 'I strike' |
| II | *putih | *ʔuptih | *ʔupātuhu | *u-mediopassive, used to form intransitive verbs from transitive Stem I verbs. | 'I am stricken' |
| III | *itpatah | *ʔamitpatah | *ʔamitpātuhu | Simple stem with t-infix after first radical, indicating reciprocal or reflexive. | 'we strike each other' |
| IV | *itputih | *ʔitputih | *ʔitputuhu | *u-mediopassive with t-infix after first radical, indicating reflexive. | 'I strike myself' |
| V | *pittah | *ʔapittah | *ʔapittuhu | Gemination of the second radical, indicating the intensive. | 'I destroy' |
| VI | *puttih | *ʔuputtih | *ʔuputtuhu | *u-mediopassive with gemination of the second radical, indicating the intensive mediopassive. | 'I am destroyed' |
| VII | *itpattah | *ʔamitpattah | *ʔamitpattuhu | Gemination of the second radical with t-infix after first radical, indicating intensive reciprocal or reflexive. | 'we destroy each other' |
| VIII | *itputtih | *ʔitputtih | *ʔitputtuhu | *u-mediopassive with gemination of the second radical and t-infix after first radical, indicating intensive reflexive. | 'I destroy myself' |
| IX | *siptah | *ʔasiptah | *ʔasiptuhu | *s-performative, indicating the causative of intransitive Stem I verbs. | 'I make them strike' |
| IX | *sitpatah | *ʔasitpatah | *ʔasitpātuhu | *s-performative with t-infix after first radical, indicating causative reciprocal or reflexive. | 'I make them strike each other' |
| X | *sitputih | *ʔasitputih | *ʔasitputuhu | *s-performative and *u-mediopassive with t-infix after first radical, indicating causative reflexive. | 'I make them strike themselves' |
| XI | *sipattah | *ʔasipattah | *ʔasipattuhu | *s-performative with gemination of the second radical, indicating the intensive causative. | 'I make them destroy' |
| XII | *sitpattah | *ʔasitpattah | *ʔasitpattuhu | *s-performative with gemination of the second radical and t-infix after first radical, indicating the intensive causative reciprocal or reflexive. | 'I make them destroy each other' |
| XIII | *sitputtih | *ʔasitputtih | *ʔasitpattuhu | *s-performative and *u-mediopassive with gemination of the second radical and t-infix after first radical, indicating the intensive causative reflexive. | 'I make them destroy themselves' |