Pulqer/Old Pulqer: Difference between revisions

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(Created page with "'''Old Pulqer''' (Pul. ''Pulkaeri'') is a Romance language spoken between approximately the 3rd and 10th centuries AD in the island of Jaques (Pul. ''Tśaqa''). ==Phonology a...")
 
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===Consonants===
===Consonants===
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 660px; text-align:center;"
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center;"
! style="width: 68px;" rowspan="2;" |
! colspan="2;" rowspan="2;" |
! style="width: 68px;" rowspan="2;" |Bilabial
! style="width: 78px;" rowspan="2;" |Bilabial
! style="width: 68px;" rowspan="2;" |Alveolar
! style="width: 78px;" rowspan="2;" |Alveolar
! style="width: 68px;" rowspan="2;" |Post-alveolar
! style="width: 78px;" rowspan="2;" |Post-alveolar
! style="width: 68px;" rowspan="2;" |Palatal
!  colspan="2;" " |Velar
!  colspan="2;" " |Velar
! style="width: 68px;" rowspan="2;" |Glottal
|-
|-
! style="width: 68px;" | Plain
! style="width: 78px;" | Plain
! style="width: 68px;" | Labial
! style="width: 78px;" | Labial
|-
|-
! style="" |Nasal
! style="" colspan="2;" |Nasal
|      m
| '''m''' /m/
|      n
| '''n''' /n/
|
|
|  
|  
|  
|  
|-
! style="" rowspan="2;" |Plosive
! Aspirated 
| '''ph, pp''' /pʰ/
| '''th, tt''' /tʰ/
|
|
|
| '''kh, kk''' /kʰ/
| '''qh, qq''' /kʷʰ/
|-
|-
! style="" |Plosive
! Unaspirated 
| pʰ    p
| '''p''' /p/
| tʰ    t
| '''t''' /t/
|
|
| kʰ    k
| kʷʰ    kʷ
|
|
| '''k''' /k/
| '''q''' /kʷ/
|-
|-
! style="" |Fricative
! style="" colspan="2;"  |Fricative
| ɸ     
| '''f''' /ɸ/
| s     
| '''s''' /s/
| ʃ     
| '''ś''' /ʃ/
|
|  
|  
|
|
| h     
|-
|-
! style="" |Affricate
! style="" colspan="2;"  |Affricate
|  
|  
| t͡s     
| '''ts''' /t͡s/
| t͡ʃ     
| '''tś''' /t͡ʃ/
|  
|  
|
|
|
|-
! style="" |Trill
|
|      r
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
! style="" |Approximant
! style="" colspan="2;"  |Trill
|
|
|
| '''r''' /r/
|
|
|      j
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
! style="" |Lateral app.
! style="" colspan="2;"  |Lateral app.
|  
|  
|      l
| '''l''' /l/
|  
|  
|
|
|
|
|
|
|}
|}
Notes:
* The aspirated plosives are written ''ph, th'' etc word-initially and ''pp, tt'' etc medially.
* Plosives and fricatives may not occur as geminates.
* Liquids (/n, m, l, r/) may be geminated and are written double, e.g. ''nn, rr'' etc.

Revision as of 15:30, 10 May 2019

Old Pulqer (Pul. Pulkaeri) is a Romance language spoken between approximately the 3rd and 10th centuries AD in the island of Jaques (Pul. Tśaqa).

Phonology and Orthography

Vowels

Front Back
Close i(ː) u(ː)
Open-mid ɛ
Open a

The high vowels /i, u/ are long in stressed open syllables, when followed by a single consonant + vowel (e.g. muru /muːru/), and they are short in all other environments. The low vowels /a, ɛ/ are always short (their long variants are diphthongised to /ae, ei/).

The following diphthongs also occur: /ae, ai, au, ei, ui/.

Consonants

Bilabial Alveolar Post-alveolar Velar
Plain Labial
Nasal m /m/ n /n/
Plosive Aspirated ph, pp /pʰ/ th, tt /tʰ/ kh, kk /kʰ/ qh, qq /kʷʰ/
Unaspirated p /p/ t /t/ k /k/ q /kʷ/
Fricative f /ɸ/ s /s/ ś /ʃ/
Affricate ts /t͡s/ /t͡ʃ/
Trill r /r/
Lateral app. l /l/

Notes:

  • The aspirated plosives are written ph, th etc word-initially and pp, tt etc medially.
  • Plosives and fricatives may not occur as geminates.
  • Liquids (/n, m, l, r/) may be geminated and are written double, e.g. nn, rr etc.