Roshterian: Difference between revisions

Roshterian (view source)

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 In addition, ''s'' and ''ṟ'' are not allowed initially.
 ====Sandhi====
-==Sound changes==
-The most significant change characterizing Roshterian is the coalescing and altering of consonant clusters, often creating retroflex consonants.
-*kw, gw > p, b
-*gl-, gr- > l, r
-*{{recon|ā}} > ''ia'' ({{recon|nā}} > ''nia'' 'I'); {{recon|ō}} > ''ua''; {{recon|au}} > ''oo''; {{recon|ou}} > ''uu''; {{recon|ū}} > ''ii''
-*{{recon|qʷ}} > /χʷ/ > /ɧ/ > ''x''; {{recon|ʁʷ}} > /ζ/ > ''ṟ''
-**''ʁʷelinəs'' ("6 parts [of 12]") > ''ṟelin'' 'half'
-**''gʷaθwā'' > ''bati'' 'neck, throat' ~ Thn. ''gaθvā'' 'throat (also language)'
-*{{recon|sl-, sm-, sn-}} > ''ḻ-, f-, ṉ-''
-*{{recon|sɸ-, sr-, sw-}} > ''x-, ṟ-, x-''
-*{{recon|st, sk, skʷ, sq}} > ''ṯ-/sṯ, t-/st-, f, q-/xq''
-**''stuφs'' 'fire' > ''ṯuu''
-**''stas-'' > ''ṯetsil'' 'gathering' (~ Thn. ''Stasnyssōs'' > Tíogall ''Stánsa'', Clofabosin ''stannsin'' 'a holiday')
-**''skəttai'' > ''tyyta'' 'body' ~ Thn. ''scattae''
-**{{recon|bastom}} > ''bast'' 'king' ~ Thn. ''bastom'' 'head'
-*{{recon|sb, sd, sg}} > ''ṟb, ṟḏ, ṟg''
-**{{recon|nasg-}} > ''naṟg'' '3'
-*{{recon|φn, tn, φl, tl/dl}} > /ːn, t-/ts, ːt, ʈ/ɖ/
-**''θnāgin'' > ''tiagin'' 'I believe' ~ Thn. ''θnāginis''
-**''oφlutsus'' > ''ootus'' 'wave'
-*{{recon|kt, qt}} > /jt, ːʈ/
-**{{recon|tektə}} > ''teit'' /teit/ 'child'
-**{{recon|neqtə}} > ''neeṯ'' /neːʈ/ 'cloud'
-*{{recon|ks, qs}} > /js, ːʂ/
-*{{recon|kn, gn, kʷn, gʷn, qn, ql, qr}} > /jn, jn, m, m, :ɳ, :ɻ, :ɻ/ (with **/uj/ > /uː/ )
-**''sφugnus'' > ''xuun''  'root' ~ Thn. ''sφugnus''
-**''leqnos'' > ''leeṉ'' 'river' ~ Thn. ''leānos''?
-**''qrīdis'' > ''ṟiid'' 'knife' ~ Thn. ''ȝrīdis'' 'edge'
-*Word-initially, kn, gn, kʷn, gʷn > /kl, gl, pl, bl/
-**''gʷnūnum'' > ''bliin'' 'wound, injury' ~ Thn. ''gnūnum'' 'scar', Tíogall ''gnúinte'' 'scar'
-*{{recon|φj, tj, kj, qj}} > ''pt s s-/ts ḡ''
-*{{recon|j-, s-}} > ''h-''
-*{{recon|φ-}} > ''∅-''
-*Initial short vowels drop
-*{{recon|skj, stj}} > ''ṯ-/xṯ, s-/ːs''
-*final short vowels lost; final ''-m, -r, -s, -t'' lost; final long vowels shorten (''ia, ua'' > ''i, u'')
-*''i''-affection: The following changes affect V1 in sequences of the form V1 + consonant cluster + ultimate (*i/*ī/*j) unless the consonant cluster after V1 contains a retroflex consonant.
-**''a'' > ''e''
-**''e'' > ''i''
-*Stress shifts to final
-*Some combining forms and combined forms are altered due to the stress shift - conjunct forms for verbs arise when there is an antepenultimate syllable
-*penultimate ''ia'' > ''i''
-*remaining ''s-'' > ''t-''
 ==Morphology==