387
edits
Rttirri: Difference between revisions
→Morphology
| Line 488: | Line 488: | ||
In informal speech, a lengthy noun may optionally be substituted with a shorter one outside the verb complex - this can be seen as analogous to the classifier systems used in the Oneida language making use of noun incorporation. For instance, the sentence ''Yuhhu, kepuchitufakhasya na'''tufakha''' urtuki!'' could instead be expressed as ''Yuhhu, kepuchitufakhasya na'''chipu''' urtuki!'', where ''chipu'' simply means "food". The "alternative" noun used outside the verb complex need not be a literal equivalence or even phonetically shorter at all, so this is technique is frequently used for poetic effect. | In informal speech, a lengthy noun may optionally be substituted with a shorter one outside the verb complex - this can be seen as analogous to the classifier systems used in the Oneida language making use of noun incorporation. For instance, the sentence ''Yuhhu, kepuchitufakhasya na'''tufakha''' urtuki!'' could instead be expressed as ''Yuhhu, kepuchitufakhasya na'''chipu''' urtuki!'', where ''chipu'' simply means "food". The "alternative" noun used outside the verb complex need not be a literal equivalence or even phonetically shorter at all, so this is technique is frequently used for poetic effect. | ||
====Sequential verbs==== | |||
Rttirri allows strings of verb roots to be stacked inside the verb complex, such as when someone is doing multiple things in a row. There are three affixes that can join verb roots: ''ki'' for actions that take place in succession, ''i'' for actions undertaken simultaneously, and ''hu'' (lit. "and") for general sets of actions with no respect to chronology. All three of these affixes can be combined within a string of verb roots as needed. | |||
:''Ni-puhh-uweu-'''i'''-fusi-ni.'' | |||
:1SG.ABS-PST-sing-and-bathe-DRPAC | |||
:I sang while I bathed. | |||
To combine an intransitive verb with a transitive verb, which is undertaken by the agent of the intransitive verb, one may use the antipassive suffix ''-tyu'' on the transitive verb, and the suffix ''-kka'' (lit. "to") on the transitive verb's recipient. | |||
:''∅-Pu-nyarra-hu-pikau-'''tyu'''-Wuikiu-nu ma-ttu-'''kka'''.'' | |||
:3SG.ABS-PST-yell-and-slap-ANTIPASS-Mother-DRPAC 1PL-self-DAT | |||
:Mother yelled and slapped us. | |||
Alternatively, the passive suffix ''-rui'' may be applied to the intransitive verb. | |||
:''Wa-mi-pu-pikau-'''rui'''-hu-nyarra-Wuikiu-nu.'' | |||
:3SG.ERG-2PL.ABS-PST-slap-PASS-and-yell-Mother-DRPAC | |||
:Mother slapped us and yelled. | |||
===Nouns=== | ===Nouns=== | ||