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'''Middle | '''Middle Scellan''' is the direct descendant of [[Tigol]] that was spoken in Scella. It had become Early Modern [[Scellan]] around fT 1150. There are many different dialects of Middle Scellan. | ||
Many works of literature survive in Middle Scellan. | |||
==Phonology== | ==Phonology== | ||
The following describes Alcvean Middle Scellan | |||
===Consonants=== | ===Consonants=== | ||
The '''Scellan spirantization''' had taken place: the Tigol lenited (voiced) stops ḃ ṗ ḋ ṫ ġ ċ /b bʰ d dʰ g gʰ/ had shifted to /v f ð θ ɣ x/. Compare Anbiric ([[Anbirese]] and [[Ciètian]]), which experienced a different consonant shift. | |||
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center;" | {| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center;" | ||
|- | |- | ||
!colspan="2"| !! Labial !! Dental/Alveolar !! | !colspan="2"| !! Labial !! Dental/Alveolar !! Palatal !! Velar !! Glottal | ||
|- | |- | ||
!rowspan="2"|Nasal | !rowspan="2"|Nasal | ||
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| '''nn''' /N/ | | '''nn''' /N/ | ||
| | | | ||
| ''' | | '''ññ''' /Ŋ/ | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
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| '''n''' /n/ | | '''n''' /n/ | ||
| | | | ||
| ''' | | '''ñ''' /ŋ/ | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
!rowspan="2"|Plosive | !rowspan="2"|Plosive | ||
!<small> | !<small>aspirated</small> | ||
| '''p''' / | | '''p''' /pʰ/ | ||
| '''t''' / | | '''t''' /tʰ/ | ||
| | | | ||
| '''c''' / | | '''c''' /kʰ/ || | ||
|- | |- | ||
!<small> | !<small>plain</small> | ||
| '''b''' / | | '''b''' /p/ | ||
| '''d''' / | | '''d''' /t/ | ||
| | | | ||
| '''g''' / | | '''g''' /k/ || | ||
|- | |- | ||
!rowspan="2"| | !rowspan="2"|Spirant | ||
!<small>unvoiced</small> | !<small>unvoiced</small> | ||
| '''f | | '''f''' /f/ | ||
| ''' | | '''þ''' /θ/ | ||
| | | | ||
| ''' | | '''ç''' /x/ || | ||
|- | |- | ||
!<small>voiced</small> | !<small>voiced</small> | ||
| ''' | | '''v''' /v/ | ||
| ''' | | '''ð''' /ð/ | ||
| | | | ||
| ''' | | '''ȝ''' /ɣ/ || | ||
|- | |- | ||
!colspan="2"|Sibilant | !colspan="2"|Sibilant | ||
| | | | ||
| '''s''' /s̻/, '''z''' /s̺/ | | '''s''' /s̻/, '''z''' /s̺/ | ||
| '''x''' / | | '''x''' /ʃ/ || | ||
| | | '''h''' /h/ | ||
|- | |- | ||
!colspan="2"|Affricate | !colspan="2"|Affricate | ||
| | | | ||
| '''ts''' /ts/ | | '''ts''' /ts/ | ||
| '''tx''' / | | '''tx''' /tʃ/ | ||
| || | | || | ||
|- | |- | ||
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!<small>fortis</small> | !<small>fortis</small> | ||
| | | | ||
| '''rr''' /R/ | | '''rr''' /R/, '''ll''' /L̃/ | ||
| || | |||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
!<small>lenis</small> | !<small>lenis</small> | ||
| | | | ||
| '''r''' /r/ | | '''r''' /r/, '''l''' /l̃/ || | ||
| || | | || | ||
|} | |} | ||
===Vowels=== | ===Vowels=== | ||
Middle Scellan had an asymmetric vowel system. Vowel length, inherited from Tigol, was in the process of being replaced with vowel quality (cf. American English). | |||
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center;" | |||
|+ '''{{PAGENAME}} vowels''' | |||
|- | |||
! rowspan="3" | | |||
! colspan="4" |Front | |||
! colspan="2" |Central | |||
! colspan="3" |Back | |||
|- | |||
! colspan="2" style="" |<small>unrounded</small> | |||
! colspan="2" style="" |<small>rounded</small> | |||
! style=" " |<small>unrounded</small> | |||
! style=" " |<small>rounded</small> | |||
! style=" " |<small>unrounded</small> | |||
! colspan="2" style=" " |<small>rounded</small> | |||
|- | |||
!style=" "|<small>short</small> | |||
!style=" "|<small>long</small> | |||
!style=" "|<small>short</small> | |||
!style=" "|<small>long</small> | |||
!style=" "|<small>short</small> | |||
!style=" "|<small>long</small> | |||
!style=" "|<small>short</small> | |||
!style=" "|<small>long</small> | |||
|- | |||
! style="" |Close | |||
| '''i''' /ɪ/ | |||
| '''í''' /i(ː)/ | |||
| '''ü''' /ʏ/ | |||
| | |||
| '''y''' /ɨ/ | |||
| '''ú''' /ʉ(ː)/ | |||
| '''u''' /ʊ/ | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! style="" |Mid | |||
| '''e''' /ɛ/ | |||
| '''é''' /e(ː)/ | |||
| '''ö''' /œ/ | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| '''o''' /ɔ/ | |||
| '''ó''' /o(ː)/ | |||
|- | |||
! style="" |Open | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| '''a''' /a/ | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| '''á''' /ɒ(ː)/ | |||
|} | |||
Diphthongs: '''ai aü ei eu iu oe ui ia ua''' = /ai ay ei eu iu oe ui iə üə/ | |||
==Morphology== | ==Morphology== | ||
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===Verbs=== | ===Verbs=== | ||
==Syntax== | ==Syntax== | ||
Tíogall grammar, minus the split-ergativity. | |||
: | [[Category:Languages]] | ||
: | [[Category:Conlangs]] |
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