Togarmite/Lexicon

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ʔ

  • √ʔ-b-b
    • bib 'spring'
    • eþabib (literary) 'to become spring'
  • √ʔ-(w)-r
    • aur 'light'
    • awer 'to illuminate'
  • √ʔ-d-m
    • dum 'red'
  • 'then'
  • √ʔ-h-ž
    • haž 'receive'
  • √ʔ-ž-n ~ ʔ-d-n
    • ødny 'ear'
    • ažen 'listen'
    • stažen 'contemplate'
  • √ʔ-y-s
    • is 'equal'
    • my'ės 'identity'
    • my'ėsi 'to identify (find the identity of)'
    • ajes 'to compare'
      • ajus 'comparison'
    • þajes 'to equate; to identify (mathematics)'
      • þajus 'identification (mathematics)'
  • ax 'although, though'
  • √ʔ-x-l
    • øxal 'to eat'
    • exly 'food'
    • þaxil 'comsumption'
      • þaxili 'to consume'
  • √ʔ-l-h
    • lėh 'god'; yn Ylėh 'God'
    • lėhiþ 'goddess'
    • aleh 'to deify'
  • elėn 'tree'
  • √ʔ-m-n
    • amėn (in some religions) 'Amen'
    • amen 'to trust, to believe'
  • √ʔ-m-r
    • ømar 'to say'
    • emry 'remark'
    • amer 'to command'
    • þy'amer 'to prohibit'
  • ikona 'image'
  • √ʔ-r-h
  • ør 'way' (only in nux ør 'somehow' etc.)
  • √ʔ-r-þ
    • arþy 'earth'
      • arþo 'down'
  • √ʔ-þ-j
    • þė 'to come'

B

  • beiþ 'house'
    • beiþėþ 'housing'
  • √b-h-r
    • bor 'sea'
  • √b-ȝ-l
    • bol 'master, lord'
    • abȝel 'to be able to'
  • √b-lb-l
    • balbel 'to confuse (cause someone to be confused)'
    • þybalbel 'to mix up (two things)'
  • √b-r-ʔ
    • bra 'to create'
    • bri 'healthy'
  • √b-š-r
    • byšar 'body'
    • bašer 'to embody, to physically realize'
    • møbašar 'incarnate'
    • þybašer 'to reincarnate'

G

  • √g-d-l
    • gdėl 'big'
    • eþygdel 'to grow'
  • √g-w-s
    • gus 'taste' (ancient borrowing from Greek)
    • gawes 'to taste'
  • √g-l
    • gal 'wave'
    • þygalel 'to reverberate, to resound'

D

  • √d-m-m
    • dam = blood
    • damem = to bleed
  • √d-n
    • dun = to think (to be of the opinion that); to deem
    • dajan = judge
    • dajen = to judge
    • dint = judgement
  • √d-m-y
    • demi = stillness, rest
    • dėme = similar
    • nydmi = to be silent
  • √d-w-r?
    • dor = eon, era; forever
    • dawer = to immortalize
  • √d-r-x
    • dax = away
    • darxy = road
    • drax = to go, to walk
    • adrex = to lead
    • stydrex = to prove (mathematics)
      • istydrexbyl = unprovable
  • √d-r-s
    • drøs = to study, to learn
    • daras = student, pupil
    • dares = to demand
    • þydares = to teach
    • mydras = school
      • mydrasi = to school
    • þydrus = lesson

H

  • √h-b-b ~ '-h-b
    • habi 'hobby'
    • hėbeb 'amateur'
    • habt 'love'
    • øhab 'to love'
    • þaheb (løb) 'to fall in love (with)'
  • √h-b-r
    • styhber 'to associate'
  • √h-d-r
    • hedry 'chest (box)'
  • √h-d-š
    • diš 'new'
  • √h-t-ʔ
    • heta 'sin'
    • hatė 'to sin'
  • h-w-j
    • 'to be'
    • hėwi 'being, entity'
  • √h-j-w
    • heiwėþ 'life'
    • heiwi 'vital'
    • heiwuþ 'livelihood'
    • heiwan 'lively'
    • heiwanuþ 'liveliness, vitality'
    • anjė 'to save, to leave alive' (from rhinoglottophilia)
  • √h-m-d
    • hėmed 'to praise'
  • √h-m-l
    • hømal 'to suffer'
    • hemlyþ 'patience'
    • hemlan 'patient'
    • ahmel 'to make someone suffer, to inflict'
    • þamel 'to deserve (something bad), to have it coming'
  • √h-m-m
    • ham 'hot'
    • mum 'warm'
  • √h-sm-l
    • smaluþ 'electricity'
  • √h-r-b
    • harby 'sword'
    • hrøb 'to kill'
  • √h-r-c
    • ruc 'yellow'

W

  • √w-d-ȝ
    • wedȝy 'knowledge'
    • wdiȝ 'knowledgeable'
      • wdiȝyr 'know-it-all'
    • daȝ 'to know'
    • wduȝ 'known; data'
    • odeȝ 'to let someone know'
  • wein 'wine'
  • √w-h-b
    • hab 'to give'
  • √w-x-l
    • xėl; wyxėl 'can'
    • wøxly 'possibility'
      • wøxli 'possible'
        • iwøxli 'impossible'
  • √w-l-d
    • waldy 'child'
    • molad 'birth'
    • lad (archaic) 'to give birth to (of a woman)'
    • oled 'to give birth to, to sire, to father' (for both genders in the modern language)
  • √w-r-ʔ
    • wra 'to fear'
    • ware 'to cause to fear, to scare'
    • stori (weak, from OTog hastȯrḗ 'to revere') 'to admire, to marvel'
      • stor 'marvel, admiration' (backformed)
  • √w-r-d (to descend)
    • rød 'to descend'
  • wrad 'rose'
  • √w-r-k
    • wark 'vegetable'
    • wyrakt 'vegetation'
    • wyruk 'green; environmentally friendly'
      • wyruki 'to green, to make environmentally friendly'
    • warek 'to fill with plants'
    • orek 'to become green'
  • √w-r-š
    • warš 'inheritance'
    • reš 'to inherit'
    • oreš 'to leave as inheritance'
    • wriš 'heritable'
    • wrišt 'gene'
    • morašt 'heritage'
    • þwarešt 'tradition'
  • √w-š-ʔ
    • ša 'to come out, to turn out'
    • mošaþ 'outcome, result'
  • √w-š-n-f-r
    • wyšnafer 'rain fell with a strong wind' (~ Amharic wäšänäffärä)
  • √w-þ-r
    • wþer 'to remain, to be left'
    • oþer 'to leave'
    • eþoþar 'to be left alone'

Z

  • √z-t-r
    • zytir 'small'
    • zytarter 'tiny'
  • √z-m-r
    • myzmer 'kantele'
    • zmør 'to sing'
    • þyzmert 'choir'
  • √z-n
    • azen 'to nurture'
  • √z-n-h
    • zønah 'to abandon'
  • √z-r-ȝ
    • zarȝy 'seed'
    • zraȝ 'to sow'

Ž

  • √ž-b-h
    • þyžbuh 'sacrifice (the act of sacrifice)'
    • žbih 'sacrifice (the thing or person sacrificed)'
    • žabeh 'to sacrifice (literally or metaphorically)'
    • myžbah 'altar'
  • žabi 'antelope'
  • √ž-h-b
    • žahab 'gold'
    • žaheb 'to gild'
  • √ž-h-r
    • žohry 'noon'
  • ּ√ž-m-ʔ
    • žyma 'thirsty'
    • nøžma 'to become thirsty'
    • ždame 'to thirst/yearn/long for'
  • √ž-m-r
    • žemryþ 'might, power'
    • eþyžmer 'to intensify'
  • √ž-n-b
    • žanab 'tail'
    • žnøb 'to follow'
    • žaneb 'to chase'
  • √ž-x-r "to remember"
    • žøxør 'to remember'
    • žaxer 'to record; to memorize'
    • ažxer 'to remind'
    • hyždyxer 'to come to mind'
    • styžxer 'to make note of'
    • þyžxir 'mnemonic'
    • myžxar 'souvenir'
    • žexryþ 'memory'
  • √ž-x-r "male"
    • žyxar 'male'
  • √ž-r-ȝ
    • žyrėȝ 'arm'

T

  • √t-b
    • tėb 'good'
    • ateb 'do good'
  • √t-b-h
    • tabeh 'to slaughter'
    • tabhan 'butcher'
  • √t-ȝ-y
    • tyȝuj 'wrong'
  • √t-ȝ-m
    • tȝam 'to choose; (archaic) to taste'
    • taȝem 'to elect'
      • taȝum 'election'
    • þytaȝem '(literary) to be pleased with, to take pleasure in'
    • stytȝem 'to try out'
  • √t-m-ʔ
    • tma 'dirty'
  • √t-k-y
    • tuki 'parrot'
    • takė 'to parrot, to repeat'

J

  • jad 'hand'
  • √j-b-s
    • jabas 'dry'
  • √j-m-n
    • jymin 'right'

X

  • xaub 'star' (haplogized from *xauxab)
  • √x-ž-b
    • xažby 'lie (untruth)'
    • xažban 'liar'
    • xžøb 'to lie (tell a lie)'
    • xažeb 'to deceive'
    • axžeb 'to deny'
    • þyxažeb 'to disillusion, to disappoint'
  • √k-h-j (< x-h-j)
    • kyhuj 'dark'
    • akhė 'to darken'
  • xenėr 'harp' (from An Bhlaoighne "chionnóir", cognate with Hebrew כִּנּוֹר‎)
  • √x-l-y
    • xlė 'to end'
    • þyxalė (euphemistic) 'to pass away'
  • √x-n
    • xun 'correct, true'
    • styxin 'to train oneself'
  • √x-r-s
    • xares 'to thank'
    • exarus 'thanksgiving; thank you!'
  • √x-s-f
    • xasfy 'silver, money'
    • myxsaf 'bank'
  • √x-þ-b
    • xþøb 'to write'
    • þyxaþeb to correspond'
    • þyxøþøb 'to rewrite'

L

  • = not; no
  • ly = to, for
  • √l-b-n
    • lybun 'white'
    • þlyben 'to become white'
    • alben 'to whiten (something), to whitewash'
  • √l-b-s
    • lybas 'clothes'
  • √l-m-d
    • lmad 'to notice, to experience, to come to know'
    • lamed 'to show, to point out'
    • hylþymed 'to find one's way around'
  • √l-m-s (← Greek eleēmosynē)
    • lamusin 'charity'
    • lames 'give charitably, do charity'
  • √l-(w)-n
    • lun 'to sojourn, to stay as guest'
    • lawan 'guest'
    • alen 'to host'
    • malen 'host'
    • malunt 'hospitality'
    • mylan 'inn'
  • lysėn 'tongue; language'

M

  • √m-g-l
    • mgil 'glorious' (from Greek megalos)
  • √m-l-x
    • malxy 'king'
    • mløx 'to rule'
  • √m-n-ȝ
    • mnaȝ 'to flee'
  • √m-n-w
    • mno 'to count' (in the sense 'to matter, to be considered')
  • mein 'water'
    • majen 'to water'
    • meini 'aquatic, aqueous'
  • √m-ȝ-l
    • maȝly 'step'
    • maȝlyþ 'stairway'
    • stymȝel 'to dare'
  • √m-(w)-þ
    • mauþ 'death'
    • muþ 'to die'
    • ameþ 'to kill'
    • stymeþ 'to commit suicide'

N

  • √n-b-ʔ
    • nabi 'prophet' (from Hebrew)
    • nabe 'to prophesy'
    • þynabe 'to call out (a wrongdoing)'
    • stynbe 'to lecture sanctimoniously, to scold'
  • √n-b-t
    • þynabet (by) 'to look (at)'
  • √n-d-r
    • nydur 'few'
  • √n-ȝ-m
    • nyȝam 'nice'
    • nyȝum 'happy'
  • √n-f-l
    • føl 'to fall'
    • nøfl 'fall (season)'
  • √n-š-ʔ
    • naše 'to bring, to take'
  • √n-þ-n
    • maþun 'data'

Ȝ

  • ȝeilur 'cat'
  • ȝykrab 'scorpion'
  • √ȝ-b-d
    • þyȝbid 'profession'
  • ȝiš 'is located', c.f. nimtza in Hebrew - grammatically an adjective
  • ȝud 'lute'
    • ȝudi 'to play the lute'
    • ȝudyr 'lute player'
  • √ȝ-ž-m
    • ȝžum 'strong'
  • √ȝ-j-n
    • mojan 'source; typeface' (semantics influenced by English font)
  • √ȝ-l-j
    • ȝlė 'to go up (from ȝ-l-y); to cost (from ġ-l-y)'
    • ȝlėn arþ '(religious or solemn) on earth' (normally ȝal yn arþ 'on the earth')
  • √ȝ-m-d
    • ȝømød 'to stand'
    • þyȝamed 'to resist'
  • √ȝ-n-j
    • þyȝane 'to satisfy'
    • ȝni 'needy, in distress'
    • ȝnuþ 'need, emergency'
  • √ȝ-nj-n
    • møȝanjen 'interesting' (from Hebrew meȝanyen, a folk etymology connects it with ȝein "eye")
  • √ȝ-š-j
    • ȝyše 'to do, to make'
    • maȝše 'deed'
  • √ȝ-s-r (?)
    • ȝysur 'noble'
  • √ȝ-š-r
  • √ȝ-št-r
    • Ȝyštarþ 'Venus (planet)'
    • ȝyštiruþ (poetic) 'libido, sexual desire'
    • ȝašter (poetic) 'to be lustful'

F

  • √f-l-ʔ
    • føla 'miracle'
    • afle 'to amaze'
    • miføla 'wonderful'
  • faþny 'snake'

P

  • √p-rk-s
    • parkes 'to act'
    • parkis 'action'
    • þyparkes 'to react'
  • √p-r-r
    • parer 'to influence'
  • √p-s-f
    • psif 'vote'
    • psifin 'voting'
    • psøf 'to vote'
    • pėsef 'voter'
  • √p-w
    • pau 'peacock'
    • pawė 'to peacock, to show off'

C

  • √c-b-ȝ 'finger'
    • ecbaȝ 'finger'
    • cabeȝ 'to point at, to find'
  • √c-b-ȝ 'color'
    • cebȝy = color; paint
    • cbaȝ = to color, to paint
    • mycbaȝ = canvas
    • cybȝan = colorful
  • √c-d-k
    • cydak = right (correct or just)
    • hycdek = to justify
    • þycadek = to make right, to set right; to right a wrong
  • √c-l-m
    • calmy = characteristic; quality, trait
      • calmi = characteristic (adj)
        • polønøm calmi = characteristic polynomial
    • myclam = personality
    • calem = to characterize
  • √c-w-y
    • cwė = (archaic) to command
    • cawė = to determine
    • yctywė = to insist

K

  • karžyþ (pl. karž) 'carob'
  • √k-d-s
    • kdės (archaic) 'holy'
    • hakdes 'to dedicate'
    • makdas (formal) 'chosen, particular, specific, not arbitrary'
    • kades 'to sanctify'
    • møkadas 'holy'; (a swear word)
  • √k(-w-)l
    • kaul 'voice'
    • þykawel 'to resound; to echo'
  • √k-t-b
    • køtby 'pole'
    • akteb 'polarize'
  • √k-t-l
    • ktøl 'to murder'
  • √k-j-ž
    • keiž 'summer'
  • √k-m
    • kum 'to stand up, to rise'
    • mykėm 'place'
    • mykėmi 'to locate'
  • √k-r-ʔ
    • kra 'to read, to call'
    • mekra 'religious scripture'
    • tykru 'invocation, incantation'
      • tykruji 'to invoke, to summon'
    • þykare 'to convene'
  • √k-r-y
    • kri 'to happen'
  • √k-s-m
    • hyksem 'to curse'

R

  • ras 'head'
    • þyra'es 'introduce'
    • resiþ 'introduction'
  • √r-ʔ-j
    • rø'e 'to see'
  • √r-b
    • rab 'many'
    • myrėb 'majority'
      • myrėbi 'to outnumber'
    • √r-b-j
      • rabė 'to multiply'
  • √r-w-j
    • myrwe 'too much'
  • raxyl 'ewe' (/x/ retained from Old Togarmite)
  • √r-þ-m
    • reþmy 'number'
    • raþem 'to count'
    • myrþam 'musical meter'
    • myrþem 'abacus'
    • styrþem 'to enumerate'
    • styrþum 'sequence'
    • ryþim 'rhythm'
    • reþmi 'to number (assign a number to)'

S

  • seif 'knife, sword, dagger, sabre'
  • sem 'name'
    • √s-m-j
      • samė 'to name'
      • þysamė 'to rename'
  • √s-w-j
    • swė 'same' (indeclinable; used in yn swė 'the same')
    • aswė (archaic) 'to compare'
      • only in blėš aswuj 'incomparable'
  • √s-x-n
    • sxan 'to live (at a certain place)'
    • mysxan 'apartment'
    • sxėn 'scene'
    • saxen 'to inhabit'
    • eþysxen 'to arise' (phonosemantically matched from Greek σηκώνομαι)
  • √s-l-m
    • slėm 'peace; hello!'
      • Slėm ȝalėxøm! 'hello (more formal)'
    • slem 'whole'
    • aslem 'to complete'
    • stylem 'to make peace; to reconcile'
    • þysalem 'to repay'
  • √s-m(-m)
    • sem 'name'
    • samem 'to name'
  • symein 'sky'
    • symeiniþ 'heaven' (from OTog. θarHebθ samaynīθ "celestial domain")
  • √s-m-ȝ
    • smaȝ 'to hear'
    • asmeȝ 'to make someone hear'
  • √s-m-n
    • smen '(is) fat'
    • samny 'fat, oil'
  • √s(-j-)r
    • sir 'to sing, to call (of an animal)'
    • sajer 'to admonish, to warn'
    • seiran 'smoke signal' (source of English siren)
    • stysir 'to announce'
  • √s-þ-w
    • syþaw 'winter'
    • saþu 'to hibernate'

Š

  • šan 'herd'
  • √š-d-y
    • šadi 'breast', pl. šadein
  • ּ√š-l-ȝ
    • šelȝy 'rib'
  • √š-m-l
    • šmėl 'left'
  • √š-k-l
    • škul 'heavy'
    • šøkly 'weight'
    • šakel 'to weigh'
    • šøkli 'to weight'
  • √š-l-g
    • šalgy 'snow'
  • √š-n-j
    • šanė 'to repeat'
  • √š-ȝ-r
    • šeȝart 'strand of hair'
    • šėȝer 'Khuamnisht poet' (calqued from Anorite)
    • šėȝeriþ 'shighery, Khuamnisht and Anorite poetry'
  • šol 'fox'
  • šøm 'therefore'
  • šfardy 'frog'
  • šur 'sure' <- yšur

Þ

  • √þ-'-r
    • þar 'face'
      • ly þar 'in front of'
    • þarþ 'form'
  • √þ-g-m
    • aþgem 'explain'
  • √þ-l-l
    • þlul 'steep; difficult'
  • √þ-ȝ-b
    • þøȝab 'to hate'
    • aþȝeb 'to disgust'
    • þaȝebt 'abomination'
    • þȝub 'disgusting, ugly'
  • √þ-r-n
    • þrøn 'throne'
    • aþren 'enthrone'