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User:IlL/Spare pages 1/4: Difference between revisions
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:[[{{FULLPAGENAME}}/ | : {{distinguish|text= the Earth language [[w:Fungor language|Fungor]], also known as Ko}} | ||
:[[{{FULLPAGENAME}}/Wordlist]] | |||
{{Infobox language | {{Infobox language | ||
|creator = User:IlL | |||
|creator = | |||
|name = {{PAGENAME}} | |name = {{PAGENAME}} | ||
|nativename = lees ndoigh | |nativename = lees ndoigh Komh | ||
|setting = [[Verse:Tricin]] | |setting = [[Verse:Tricin]] | ||
| | |state = Bjeheond | ||
|familycolor=hmong-mien | |familycolor=hmong-mien | ||
|fam1=[[Hlou- | |fam1=[[Hlou-Shum languages|Hlou-Shum]] | ||
| | |scripts=* Latin (Uncial) | ||
|notice=IPA | |notice=IPA | ||
}} | }} | ||
'''{{SUBPAGENAME}}''' (English: / | '''{{SUBPAGENAME}}''' (English: /koʊ/, natively ''lees ndoigh Komh'' /li noi kɔ/ (TBA: tone)) is a language spoken in [[Bjeheond]]; as a [[Hlou-Shum languages|Hlou-Shum language]], it's related to [[Hlou]]. It is a monosyllabic tonal language inspired by Hmong, Irish, Manx, and English. Like Irish, Ko has initial consonant mutations. | ||
==Todo== | ==Todo== | ||
*Explain: lexical mutation in Hlou, grammatical mutation in | Motivation: "Sinospheric Irish" or "Hmoob read by an Irish speaker" | ||
*Explain: lexical mutation in Hlou, grammatical mutation in Ko | |||
**Hlou lexical mutation could have arisen from a grammatical mutation system where the particles fell away | **Hlou lexical mutation could have arisen from a grammatical mutation system where the particles fell away | ||
*''dor'' = to be born ~ Hlou ''Ndol'' 'person' | *''dor'' = to be born ~ Hlou ''Ndol'' 'person' | ||
*TODO: kl gl sk > q | *TODO: kl gl sk > q | ||
*bach = small, meer = big | |||
*hleubh = to love (hlub means "to love" in Hmong) | |||
*kein = archaic negative word | |||
*ein = emphasis/'rather' | |||
*koobh = good | |||
*cu = copper | |||
==Phonology== | ==Phonology== | ||
{{SUBPAGENAME}} has fewer initials | {{SUBPAGENAME}} has fewer initials than [[Hlou]], due to initial mutations. | ||
===Phonotactics=== | ===Phonotactics=== | ||
C + V + tone | C + V + tone | ||
===Initials=== | ===Initials=== | ||
''m n | ''m n ņ l nl r y w'' = /m n ɲ l (dark l) r j w/ | ||
''hm hn | ''hm hn hņ hl hr hy hw'' = /ʰm ʰn ʰɲ ʰl ʰr ç (voiceless w)/ | ||
''p t | ''p t tç ts tx c k q b d j g'' = /h t ts (Basque ts) tʃ c k q b d ɟ g/ | ||
''pl bl tl dl'' = / | ''pl bl tl dl'' = /hl bl tl dl/ | ||
''ph th | ''ph th tçh tsh txh ch kh qh bh dh jh gh'' = /f θ s (Basque s) ʃ ç x χ v ð j ɣ/ | ||
''phl bhl thl dhl'' /fl vl ɬ ɮ/ | ''phl bhl thl dhl'' /fl vl ɬ ɮ/ | ||
''np nt | ''np nt ntç nts ntx nc nk nq nb nd nj ng'' = /b d dz (voiced Basque ts) dʒ ɟ g ɢ m n ɲ ŋ/ | ||
''npl nbl ntl ndl'' /bl ml dl nl/ | ''npl nbl ntl ndl'' /bl ml dl nl/ | ||
''f | ''f ç s x'' = /f s (Basque s) ʃ/ | ||
''nf | ''nf nç ns nx'', also ''fh çh sh xh'' = /v z (voiced Basque s) ʒ/ | ||
===Rimes=== | ===Rimes=== | ||
''a i ao u e o ee oo ai ei oi au eu ia ua'' = /a ɪ ɨ ʊ ɛ ɔ | ''a i ao u e o ee oo ai ei oi au eu ia ua'' = /a ɪ ɨ ʊ ɛ ɔ i u ai ei oi au eu iə uə/ | ||
===Tones=== | ===Tones=== | ||
9 tones: | 9 tones: | ||
*-Ø: mid level | |||
*-ch: glottal stop final | |||
*-s: low falling | |||
*-r: low rising | |||
*-gh: low breathy | |||
*-mh: creaky | |||
*-bh: mid rising | |||
*-dh: high falling | |||
*-n: high level | |||
==Grammar== | ==Grammar== | ||
Ko is SVO and head-initial. Mutations often operate on a syntactic basis. | |||
===Nouns=== | ===Nouns=== | ||
plural word: ''yoo'' | plural word: ''yoo-L'' (placed after classifier but before noun) | ||
===Pronouns=== | |||
*xan = I | |||
*çeedh = you | |||
===Classifiers=== | ===Classifiers=== | ||
Classifiers were historically a very open class. They always eclipse the following noun. | |||
'' | ''lu'', ''tzagh'', ''hņoobh'', ''lees'', ''çua'', ''yaus'', ... | ||
''plaidh'' = a dog | *lu = humans, gods | ||
**''faon'' = a man; ''lu nfaon'' = the man (classifier ''lu'') | |||
*tçagh = animals, demons | |||
**''plaidh'' = a dog; ''tçagh nplaidh'' = the dog (classifier ''tçagh'') | |||
**''tçagh Nja Ber Woch'' = a demon in Ko mythology | |||
*hņoobh = tall objects such as trees, buildings | |||
**''qo'' = a tree; ''hņoobh nqo'' the tree | |||
*çua: infinitive | |||
**''dor'' = is born; ''çua ndor'' = to be born (inf.) | |||
*''lobh'': food, edible plants | |||
*''zail'': inedible plants | |||
*lees = nominalization, way of X-ing | |||
**''doigh'' = 'to speak'; ''lees ndoigh'' 'language' | |||
*In archaic language: fancy apparently ad-hoc classifiers for different animals and fruits (cf. English ''murder of crows'' except "murder" is a classifier) | |||
===Verbs=== | |||
ba = subjunctive marker | |||
'' | ''Ba fhaomh-saigh le çeedh'' = If you like it | ||
==Sample text== | ==Sample text== | ||
===Tower of Babel=== | ===Tower of Babel=== | ||
:''Pugh | :''Pugh çedh yaus nqar ņiamh tso txuabh çhaor aon lees ndoigh kiabh aon lees ntlair.'' | ||
:CONJ in CLF world whole PST give only one CLF language and one CLF speak | :CONJ in CLF world whole PST give only one CLF language and one CLF speak | ||
:And in the whole world there was one language and one way of speaking. | :And in the whole world there was one language and one way of speaking. | ||
[[Category:Quihum languages]][[Category:Tricin]] | :''Roomh lu yoo las jhugh dle [hyoch mhar], [ka nfemh] re txuabh tçhaoch ibh yaus [njo qiagh] Xi-Na, pugh re txuabh cheich hmoi nblaun.'' | ||
:when CLF PL person travel eastward then | |||
:As the people moved eastward... | |||
[[Category:Quihum languages]][[Category:Tricin]][[Category:Languages]] | |||