User:IlL/Spare pages 1/73: Difference between revisions

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===Consonants===
===Consonants===
 
Lenition and eclipsis as in Bhlaoighne
The ''[[w:dagesh|dagesh]]'' (Netagin: ''tirpálí'') is used to mark historical gemination (''dagesh forte'') that is nowadays realized only as gemination in resonants ''n'', ''l'', and ''r'' and non-lenition for the case of the lenitable letters ''b'', ''g'', ''d'', ''ṭ'', ''c'', ''m'', ''p'', ''q'', and ''t''. The lenitable letters (Netagin: {{Heb|בֵּגָֿ״דֿ וֲּטֵֿכָֿ״םֿ וֻּפֶֿקָֿ״תֿ}} ''béghádh fa-ṭhéchámh fu-phéqháth'' [beˌɣɒð fasˤɘˌxɒw fʊfʲeχɒθ]) are written with a ''dagesh'' when they are not lenited. ''Mémh'', however, often resists lenition after /ɪ/, /i/ or /j/. A word-medial ''dagesh''ed lenitable consonant is not written as double letters in Latin script.
 
Syllable/word-final <''ˀ''> and <''h''> are silent. When a word-final ''he'' has a ''mappiq'' (homographic to the ''dagesh'') it is not silent, but is to be pronounced /h/ (Romanized as ''hh'' and Hellenized as a doubled vowel).
 
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style="width:300px; text-align: center;"
|-
!colspan="5"|Netagin consonant graphemes
|-
! Hebrew !! Name !! Latin !! Greek !! IPA
|-
|{{heb|א}}||''ˀálaph''||''ˀ''|| spiritus lenis ||/ʔ/
|-
|{{heb|בּ}}||''báith''||''b''|| ββ ||/b~bʲ/
|-
|{{heb|גּ}}||''gímhal''||''g''|| γγ || /ɟ~g/
|-
|{{heb|דּ}}||''dálath''||''d''|| δδ ||/d~dʑ/
|-
|{{heb|ה}}||''hé''||''h''|| spiritus asper, vowel doubling (when word-final) ||/h/
|-
|{{heb|וּ}}||''fó''||''f''|| ϝϝ || /f~fʲ/
|-
|{{heb|ז}}||''záin''||''z''|| ζ ||/z~ʑ/
|-
|{{heb|ח}}||''ḥéth''||''ḥ''|| η || /ħ/
|-
|{{heb|טּ}}||''ṭéth''||''ṭ''|| ττ || /tˤ~ɗˤ/
|-
|{{heb|י}}||''yódh''||''y'', ''i'' after a vowel|| ι, ϊ after a vowel ||/j/
|-
|{{heb|כּךּ}}||''cáph''||''c''|| χχ || /c~k/
|-
|{{heb|ל}}||''lámhadh''||''l''|| λ || /ɫ~ʎ/
|-
|{{heb|מּםּ}}||''mémh''||''m''|| μμ || /m~mʲ/
|-
|{{heb|נן}}||''nún''||''n''|| ν || /n/
|-
|{{heb|ס}}||''sámhach''||''s''|| σ, ς || /s~ɕ/
|-
|{{heb|ע}}||''ˁáin''||''ˁ''|| ω || /ʕ/
|-
|{{heb|פּףּ}}||''pé''||''p''|| φφ || /p~pʲ/
|-
|{{heb|צץ}}||''tzádhe''||''tz''|| τζ || /tɬ/
|-
|{{heb|קּ}}||''qóph''||''q''|| κκ || /q/
|-
|{{heb|ר}}||''réš''||''r''|| ρ || /ʁ~ʀ/
|-
|{{heb|ש}}||''šín''||''š''|| σζ || /ʃ/
|-
|{{heb|שֹ}}||''śín''||''ś''|| θζ || /ɬ/
|-
|{{heb|תּ}}||''tó''||''t''|| θθ || /t~tɕ/
|}
 
Lenition (Netagin: ''taqídháˀ'' 'melting; dissolution') is marked with a lack of a ''dagesh'' in the Hebrew script, or a following ''h'' in the Latin script. The ''rafe'' may be used for improved contrast.
 
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{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style="width:300px; text-align: center;"
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|{{heb|ת}}||''th''|| θ || /θ/
|{{heb|ת}}||''th''|| θ || /θ/
|}
|}
Historical nasalization, or eclipsis (Netagin: ''carríṭháˀ'' 'befogging; making turbid'), is marked in the Hebrew script with a ''núní mecharríṭh'' ('befogging little ''nún'''; rendered here as an ''iluy'') in conjunction with a ''dagesh'' for lenitable consonants.


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{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style="width:300px; text-align: center;"
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