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Valmoric morphology: Difference between revisions
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: ''For more detail on deixis and anaphora see [[Valmoric semiotics]].'' | : ''For more detail on deixis and anaphora see [[Valmoric semiotics]].'' | ||
=== Definite article === | === Definite article === | ||
The singular citation forms of the definite article (save the comparative) end in ⟨m⟩, however the singular definite article (save the comparative) assimilates to the succeeding consonant in the following manner: | |||
* ⟨m⟩ for labials, vowels and h: am-flag (the bird); em-bát (the boat); um-úval (the apple) | |||
* ⟨n⟩ for dentals, velars, n, t and d: an-turas (the hunger); en-cila (the girl); un-þud (the wood) | |||
* ⟨l⟩ for l, w: ul-laïn (the child) | |||
* ⟨r⟩ for r: er-rás (the claw) | |||
* ⟨s⟩ for s, z: as-staurran (the largeness) | |||
The singular and dual forms of the definite article take the singular form of the noun. If the noun begins in a vowel, it is preceded by: | |||
* ⟨n-⟩ (masculine, feminine) or ⟨ð-⟩ (neuter) if it is dual (save the comparative), or plural genitive, instrumental, ablative, allative or partitive | |||
* ⟨h-⟩ (all genders) in all other plural cases save the comparative | |||
* ⟨g-⟩ if it is comparative | |||
There is no vocative form of the definite article. | |||
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center;" | |||
|- | |||
|style="background-color:#fff; border:1px solid #fff;"| | |||
!colspan=9 style="background-color:#fff; border-top:1px solid #fff; border-left:1px solid #fff; border-right:1px solid #fff;"| The Definite Article | |||
|- | |||
!rowspan=2 style="background-color:#fff; border-top:1px solid #fff; border-left:1px solid #fff;"| | |||
!colspan=3| Masculine | |||
!colspan=3| Feminine | |||
!colspan=3| Neuter | |||
|- | |||
!width=64px|Singular | |||
!width=64px|Dual | |||
!width=64px|Plural | |||
!width=64px|Singular | |||
!width=64px|Dual | |||
!width=64px|Plural | |||
!width=64px|Singular | |||
!width=64px|Dual | |||
!width=64px|Plural | |||
|- | |||
!Nominative | |||
|am | |||
|maï | |||
|ma | |||
|em | |||
|mi | |||
|me | |||
|um | |||
|my | |||
|mu | |||
|- | |||
!Accusative | |||
|nam | |||
|naï | |||
|na | |||
|nem | |||
|ni | |||
|ne | |||
|num | |||
|ny | |||
|ne | |||
|- | |||
!Dative | |||
|gam | |||
|gaï | |||
|ga | |||
|gem | |||
|gi | |||
|ge | |||
|gum | |||
|gy | |||
|gu | |||
|- | |||
!Genitive | |||
|om | |||
|moï | |||
|mo | |||
|om | |||
|mi | |||
|mo | |||
|om | |||
|mùi | |||
|mo | |||
|- | |||
!Instrumental | |||
|cam | |||
|caï | |||
|ca | |||
|cem | |||
|ci | |||
|ce | |||
|cum | |||
|cy | |||
|cu | |||
|- | |||
!Ablative | |||
|vam | |||
|vaï | |||
|va | |||
|vem | |||
|vi | |||
|ve | |||
|cum | |||
|vy | |||
|vu | |||
|- | |||
!Allative | |||
|dam | |||
|daï | |||
|da | |||
|dem | |||
|di | |||
|de | |||
|dum | |||
|dy | |||
|du | |||
|- | |||
!Partitive | |||
|sam | |||
|saï | |||
|sa | |||
|sem | |||
|si | |||
|se | |||
|sum | |||
|sy | |||
|su | |||
|- | |||
!Comparative | |||
|í | |||
|í | |||
|á | |||
|í | |||
|í | |||
|é | |||
|í | |||
|í | |||
|ú | |||
|- | |||
!Essive | |||
|cam | |||
|caï | |||
|ca | |||
|cem | |||
|ci | |||
|ce | |||
|cum | |||
|cy | |||
|cu | |||
|} | |||
=== Personal pronouns === | === Personal pronouns === | ||
=== Possessives === | === Possessives === | ||