Verse:Hmøøh/Fyxoom/Music

Tumacan is a grammatically conservative descendant of Old Bhadhagha, spoken near the Tumaca Mountains.

Phonology

/b d dʒ g/ are devoiced to (unaspirated) [p t c k] in all positions.
ch > š
/n, ʟ, ɾ/ distinguish between "fortis" or unlenited [n̪, ɫ, r] and "lenis" or lenited [ð̞̃, ʀ, z].
th, dh are [ħ, z] word-initially and become [h, z] word-finally.
/ʉ, ɵ/ are always fully back [uː, oː].

m > b

grammatical mutation: just lenition - or no mutation at all?

ph bh fh mh th dh sh ch gh > f v f m ħ d š ç j

N L R / n l r > [n̪, ɫ, r] / [ð̞̃, ʀ, z].

the current consonant system: m n ng ph th kh p t k b d f s š ç H h v (nasalized δ) z R r l j

Tumacan retains some Old Bhadhagha diphthongs - and has altered some of them.

Most importantly, Tumacan retains Old Bhadhagha final vowel qualities instead of reducing final vowels like Bhadhagha.

a e i o u > a ə i o u

á é í ó ú > oa ei í ou iu

ai ei io oi ui > ä e i e i

ae ao ái éi eó éu ia ío íu iú ói oí ua úi uí > á au á ei ea au ia io í ú oi əi ua ú əi

Tumacan retains construct state and the Old Bhadhagha possessive suffixes.

possessed forms:

tumaca could have b-prefixation (lenition or b-) only when there's a direct object

ní on the other hand doesnt trigger lenition (it didn't in OT)