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=Ancient literature=
*Ancient Talmic, Windermere etc. epics
*Tracts describing religious rituals such as hand-washing
*Sondmoridh Manuscripts
*The Ngăthoar


'''Netagin''' (''barits Natāgīn'') is a (largely reconstructed) triconsonantal language inspired by Biblical Hebrew and Aramaic, spoken in Western Etalocin. This page describes Ancient Netagin, the oldest attested stage of Netagin.
=Gweats literature=
==Todo==
=Fnüeng literature=
*''-īn, -iyyō, -īnā'' = adjectival/abstract suffix
*final -ʔ to block initial seimhiu in descendants
*Honorific system
*Imperatives? Moods/seq of tenses?
===Words===
*''ʔiȝsō'' = eagle
*''safȝ'' = friend
*''ħinn'' = evening
====Swadesh list====
<poem>
xay = who
xū = what
xaddu = where
xibak = when
xam = how
'ixxū = why
kī = not
rōg- = all
</poem>


===Roots===
=Classical Period literature=
*''w-s-g'': similar
*Emisom Grouid's translations and poetry
**''tawsūg'': replica
*Lesch Mltzhyphe's tragedies
*''n-t-g'': sing
*Etsoj Jopah's poetry
**''tattug'' = to narrate, tell of
*Alice in Wonderland/Proto-Hofstadterian stuff
**''tattōgō'' = epic, saga, legend
*''r-s-d'': learn
*''z-ʔ-r'': go
*''w-r-s'': love
*''b-n-s'': hide
*''ȝ-z-f'': poke
*''z-ħ-m'': praise, honor
*''ŋ-t-w'': new
*''k-n-f'': reason
*''h-ŋ-ts'': empty, null
*''ħ-d-k'': warm
*''ts-ŋ-ṭ'': garden, horticulture
*''g-m-z'': letter, element
*''s-b-r'': compassion, sympathy
*''f-x-r'': agree, blend
*''n-b-x'': courage
*''t-f-k'': know
*''y-r-f'': roll
*''f-ts-m'': read
*''ȝ-k-r'': write
*''z-r-b'': true, firm
*''x-d-ȝ'': half, split
*''f-s-T'': step, stage
*''ʔ-b-3'': mind
*''w-t-f'': die
*''t-ŋ-b'': measure
*''z-m-z-m'': to hesitate
*''s-r-k'': king, rule
*''ħ-n-g'': value


===Patterns===
=Romantic literature=
*''1a22ū3'' = an adjective pattern
*Industrial revolution, some of its harms
*''na1ā2ī3''?
**Two opposing camps: one favors returning to preindustrial society and one favors more tech and social development to fix problems
*''ta12ū3'' = a noun pattern


==Phonology==
==Horror and science fiction==
===Consonants===
In Talma, horror literature first took off in Amphir during the Romantic period and its literary influence spread to Skella and Fyxoom, which developed it into Lovecraft-esque science fiction literature. Horror literature also greatly influenced [[Verse:Tricin/Talma/Music|Talman classical music]] during the late Romantic period.
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width:700px;text-align:center;"
! colspan="2" |
!  |Labial
!  |Alveolar
!  |Lateral
!  |Palatal
!  |Velar
!  |Uvular
!  |Pharyngeal
!  |Glottal
|-
! colspan="2" style="" |Nasal
| '''m''' /m/
|colspan="2"| '''n''' /n/
|
| '''ŋ''' /ŋ/
|
|
|
|-
! rowspan="3" |Plosive
! |<small>plain</small>
|
|colspan="2"| '''t''' /t/
|
| '''k''' /k/
|
|
| '''ʔ''' /ʔ/
|-
! |<small>tense</small>
|
|colspan="2"| '''ṭ''' /t˭/
|
| '''ḳ''' /k˭/
|
|
|
|-
! |<small>voiced</small>
| '''b''' /b/
|colspan="2"| '''d''' /d/
|
| '''g''' /g/
|
|
|
|-
! colspan="2" style="" |Affricate
|
| '''c''' /ts/
| '''q''' /tɬ/
|
|
|
|
|
|-
! rowspan="2" style="" |Fricative
! |<small>voiceless</small>
| '''f''' /f/
| '''s''' /s/
| '''x''' /ɬ/
|
|
|
| '''ħ''' /ħ/
| '''h''' /h/
|-
! |<small>voiced</small>
|
| '''z''' /z/
|
|
|
|rowspan="2" colspan="2"| '''ȝ''' /ʁ~ʕ/
|
|-
! colspan="2" |Approximant
| '''w''' /w/
|colspan="2"| '''r''' /ɾ/
| '''j''' /j/
|
|
|}
 
===Vowels===
The following vowels were used:


<poem>
<poem>
i iː u uː
hm, i would picture a lovecraftian romance to have the romance be... consuming, destructive, the world falling around it
a aː oː
like an occultist gone mad but the relationship they have with their god is more... personal
aj aw
if i want to be "literary" i could easily imagine consuming romance as related here to like, consuming forbidden nowledge
</poem>
</poem>


{{angbr|'''i ī u ū a ā ō ay aw'''}}
===Figures===
 
*'''Hyjad Orphair''' was a late Romantic author who is best known for her enormously successful ''Jyndychouis'' cycle of horror + romance novels. It was made into a ''vylám'' (opera) ''Jyndychouis'' by the Amphirese composer Propanol Mochraid, the best known of the late Talman Romantic ''vylám''s.
Stress is marked with an acute accent.
 
==Morphology==
===Nouns and adjectives===
The definite article was ''ʔis-''.
====Number====
Three numbers: sg, du/col, pl
 
Two genders: plain, honorific
 
Honorific marked with -ō
 
absolute, construct, possessed forms
 
For example, below are the declensions of ''yarifi'' (plain) = 'wheel'; ''ʔiȝsō'' (honorific) = 'eagle'
 
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align: center;"
|+ Sample nouns
|-
! style="width: 90px;" rowspan="2" | !! colspan="2" | Singulative !! colspan="2" | Dual-collective !! colspan="2" | Plurative
|-
! style="width: 90px;" | absolute !! style="width: 90px;" | construct !! style="width: 90px;" | absolute !! style="width: 90px;" | construct !! style="width: 90px;" | absolute !! style="width: 90px;" | construct
|-
!Plain
|| ''yarifi'' || ''yarif'' || ''yarifūʔ'' || ''yarifū'' || ''yarifāʔ'' || ''yarifā''
|-
!Honorific
|| ''ʔiȝsō'' || ''ʔiȝsōn'' || ''ʔiȝsōnūʔ'' || ''ʔiȝsōnū'' || ''ʔiȝsōbi'' || ''ʔiȝsōb''
|}
 
====Possessive suffixes====
{{col-begin}}
{{col-break}}
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style=" text-align: center;"
|+Air singulative nouns
|-
! !! Singular !! Dual !! Plural
|-
! 1
| ''yarififi'' || ''yarififū'' || ''yarififā''
|-
! 2
| ''yarifini'' || ''yarifinū'' || ''yarifinā'' 
|-
! 3
| ''yarifihi'' || ''yarifihū'' || ''yarifihā''
|}
{{col-break}}
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style=" text-align: center;"
|+Earth singulative nouns
|-
! !! Singular !! Dual !! Plural
|-
! 1
| ''bilāfi'' || ''bilāfū'' || ''bilāfā''
|-
! 2
| ''bilāni'' || ''bilānū'' || ''bilānā'' 
|-
! 3
| ''bilāhi'' || ''bilāhū'' || ''bilāhā''
|}
{{col-break}}
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style=" text-align: center;"
|+Fire singulative nouns
|-
! !! Singular !! Dual !! Plural
|-
! 1
| ''mufgōrayfi'' || ''mufgōrayfū'' || ''mufgōrayfā''
|-
! 2
| ''mufgōrayni'' || ''mufgōraynū'' || ''mufgōraynā'' 
|-
! 3
| ''mufgōrayhi'' || ''mufgōrayhū'' || ''mufgōrayhā''
|}
{{col-break}}
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style=" text-align: center;"
|+Water singulative nouns
|-
! !! Singular !! Dual !! Plural
|-
! 1
| ''qabatxtifi'' || ''qabatxtifū'' || ''qabatxtifā''
|-
! 2
| ''qabatxtini'' || ''qabatxtinū'' || ''qabatxtinā'' 
|-
! 3
| ''qabatxtihi'' || ''qabatxtihū'' || ''qabatxtihā''
|}
{{col-end}}
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style=" text-align: center;"
|+Dual-collective nouns
|-
! !! Singular !! Dual !! Plural
|-
! 1
| ''yarifūki'' || ''yarifūtū'' || ''yarifūtā''
|-
! 2
| ''yarifūni'' || ''yarifūnū'' || ''yarifūnā'' 
|-
! 3
| ''yarifūhi'' || ''yarifūhū'' || ''yarifūhā''
|}
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style=" text-align: center;"
|+Plurative nouns
|-
! !! Singular !! Dual !! Plural
|-
! 1
| ''yarifāki'' || ''yarifātū'' || ''yarifātā''
|-
! 2
| ''yarifāni'' || ''yarifānū'' || ''yarifānā'' 
|-
! 3
| ''yarifāhi'' || ''yarifāhū'' || ''yarifāhā''
|}
 
===Pronouns===
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align: center;"
|-
! rowspan="2" |
! colspan="3" | First person !! colspan="3" | Second person !! colspan="3" | Third person
|-
! style="width: 90px;" | Singular !! style="width: 90px;" | Dual !! style="width: 90px;" | Plural !! style="width: 90px;" | Singular !! style="width: 90px;" | Dual !! style="width: 90px;" | Plural !! style="width: 90px;" | Singular !! style="width: 90px;" | Dual !! style="width: 90px;" | Plural
|-
!Independent
||''ʔafti''||''ʔaffū''||''ʔaffā''||''ʔanni''||''ʔannū''||''ʔannā''||''hini (a)''<br/>''hinan (hon.)''||''hinnū''||''hinnā''
|-
!Clitic
||''-ti''||''-fū''||''-fā''||''-ni''||''-nū''||''-nā''||''-hi''||''-hū''||''-hā''
|}
 
===Verbs===
Ancient Netagin has at least 12 binyanim:
*Binyan 1 verbs are verbs denoting intransitive actions ("come"), as well as stative verbs ("be cold") and some monotransitives. It is often considered the most basic form.
*Binyan 2 contains many monotransitive verbs, ("eat") including causativizations of Binyan 1 verbs ("make happy").
*Binyan 3 consists of verbs denote reflexive/reciprocal action ("get dressed", "kiss each other"), or change of state ("thicken").
*Binyan 4 contains causatives of transitive verbs ("feed") (and of some Binyan 2 and Binyan 3 verbs). Causatives of statives in the imperfective aspect may denote active maintenance of a state (as opposed to changing a state in the perfective aspect).
*Binyan 5 is roughly equivalent to the German prefix ''be-'' (applicative).
*Binyan 6 - telic, intensive
*Binyan 7 - telic
*Binyan 8 - "X a little, almost X"
*Binyan 9 - "X in advance, X for oneself" (from the middle voice)
*Binyan 10 - "-le"
*Binyan 11 verbs tend to express gradual processes.
*Binyan 12 - "mis-X, over-X"
 
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style=" text-align: center;"
|-
! Binyan !! Imperfective !! Perfective !! Antipassive<br/>Participle !! Passive<br/>Participle !! Action noun
|-
! 1
| ''1a2a3'' || ''-i12a3'' || ''1ō2i3'' || ''1i2u3'' || ''1i2i3i''
|-
! 2
| ''1a2ō3'' || ''-a12ū3'' || ''1a2ī3'' || ''1a2ū3'' || ''1u2ā3''
|-
! 3
| ''ʔa12ī<sup>1</sup>3'' || ''-uni12i3'' || ''bi1ːū2ā3'' || ''ti1ːū2ā3'' || ''ʔa12u3ti''
|-
! 4
| ''ʔa12i3'' || ''-i1ːi2u3'' || ''ba12a3'' || ''ta12a3'' || ''ʔa12a3ō''
|-
! 5
| ''ta12u3'' || ''-ut1a2i3'' || ''but1a2u3'' || ''tut1a2u3'' || ''ta12ō3ō''
|-
! 6
| ''ʔir1a2a3'' || ''-ur1i2u3'' || ''bur1i2u3'' || ''tur1i2u3'' || ''ʔur1a2i3i''
|-
! 7
| ''ʔirta1a2u3'' || ''-urta1a2i3'' || ''burta1a2u3'' || ''turta1a2u3'' || ''tirta1a2ī3i''
|-
! 8
| ''ʔi21a2i3'' || ''-i21i2u3'' || ''bu21ā2u3'' || ''tu21ā2u3'' || ''ʔu21a2i3i''
|-
! 9
| ''1as2u3'' || ''-u1is2u3'' || ''bu1as2u3'' || ''tu1as2u3'' || ''tu1as2i3i''
|-
! 10
| ''1i2a2i3'' || ''-i12i2u3'' || ''bu12i2u3'' || ''tu12i2u3'' || ''ti12a2i3i''
|-
! 11
| ''1a2ā2u3'' || ''-i12ī2u3'' || ''bu12ā2u3'' || ''tu12ā2u3'' || ''tu12ā2i3i''
|-
! 12
| ''1i31a2u3'' || ''-i1a31i2u3'' || ''bu1i31ā2u3'' || ''tu1i31ā2u3'' || ''1i31a2i3i''
|}
<sup>1</sup> Shortens to ''i'' when a suffix is added.
 
The ''participle'' is an agent noun or an adjective. Adverbializing it yields manner of action "as if to X".
 
The ''action noun'' ({{sc|axn}}) or ''gerund'' is used in action noun constructions, which are of the form SUBJECT-{{sc|gen}} AXN OBJECT-{{sc|acc}}. It is of importance in forming relative clauses, for Netagin does not have a relativizer.
 
====Affixes====
{{col-begin}}
{{col-break}}
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style=" text-align: center;"
|+Present tense affixes
|-
! !! Singular !! Dual-Coll. !! Plural
|-
! 1
| ''-fi'' || ''-fū'' || ''-fā''
|-
! 2
| ''-an''<br/>''-at'' (hon.) || ''-nū''<br/>''-tū'' (hon.) || ''-nā''<br/>''-tōb'' (hon.)
|-
! 3
| ''-∅''<br/>''-ō'' (hon.) || ''-ū'' || ''-ā'' <br/> ''-ōb'' (hon.)
|}
{{col-break}}
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style=" text-align: center;"
|+''ʔabnis'' 'steal'
|-
! !! Singular !! Dual-Coll. !! Plural
|-
! 1
| ''ʔabnisfi'' || ''ʔabnisfū'' || ''ʔabnisfā''
|-
! 2
| ''ʔabnisan'' || ''ʔabnisnū'' || ''ʔabnisnā'' 
|-
! 3
| ''ʔabnis''<br/>''ʔabnisō'' (hon.) || ''ʔabnisū'' || ''ʔabnisā'' <br/>''ʔabnisōb''
|}
{{col-end}}
{{col-begin}}
{{col-break}}
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style=" text-align: center;"
|+Past tense affixes
|-
! !! Singular !! Dual-Coll. !! Plural
|-
! 1
| ''f-'' || ''f-ū'' || ''f-ā''
|-
! 2
| ''n-''<br/>''n-ō'' (hon.) || ''n-ū'' || ''n-ā''<br/>''n-ōb'' (hon.)
|-
! 3
| ''h-''<br/>''h-ō'' (hon.)|| ''h-ū'' || ''h-ā''<br/>''h-ōb'' (hon.)
|}
{{col-break}}
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style=" text-align: center;"
|+''ʔabnis'' 'steal'
|-
! !! Singular !! Dual-Coll. !! Plural
|-
! 1
| ''fibbinus'' || ''fibbinusū'' || ''fibbinusā''
|-
! 2
| ''nibbinus'' || ''nibbinusū'' || ''nibbinusā'' 
|-
! 3
| ''hibbinus''<br/>''hibbinusō'' (hon.) || ''hibbinusū'' || ''hibbinusā'' <br/>''hibbinusōb'' (hon.)
|}
{{col-end}}
 
==Syntax==
Ancient Netagin is almost completely head-initial; it is also syntactically ergative.


[[Category:Hussmauch]][[Category:Netagin]]
=Modern literature=
==Science fiction==
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