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| ==Accents== | | ==Accents== |
| ===The "Sephardi-Estuary-Ashkenazi" continuum===
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| The Lõisian standard English accent belongs in a continuum of accents, with a quasi-Sephardi Hebrew accent on one end and a quasi-Ashkenazi Hebrew accent on the other end. However, it's been influenced significantly by the nearby Philadelphian accent (spoken in the ancient city of Philadelphia).
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| ====Overview====
| | Almost the same as our English accents |
| {| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style=""
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| |-
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| ! colspan="5" | Vowels
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| |-
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| ! style="width: 100px;" | Feature !! style="width: 250px;" | Western ("Sephardi") !! style="width: 250px;" | L-Philadelphian!! style="width: 250px;" | L-Standard !! style="width: 250px;" | Eastern ("Ashkenazi")
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| |-
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| ! KIT
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| | ɪ || ɪ~ɪ̈ || ɪ~ɪ̈ || i
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| |-
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| ! DRESS
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| | ɛ || ɛ || ɛ || e
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| |-
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| ! TRAP
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| | a~ɑ || æ; eə before /m n/ || a || a; o ("Poylish")
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| |-
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| ! BATH (the BATH lexical set is same as RP)
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| | a~ɑ || eə || aː~æ: || a; o ("Poylish")
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| |-
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| ! LOT
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| | ɔ || ɑ~ä || ɔ~ɒ || o
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| |-
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| ! STRUT
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| | ʊ || ʌ~ɤ || ɜ̟~ɐ || ɜ
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| |-
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| ! FOOT
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| | ʊ || ʊ || ʊ̈~ɘ || u
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| |-
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| ! FLEECE
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| | iː || iʝ + reinforcement before C; ɪj otherwise || ɪj~iː || iː; ej ("Poylish")
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| |-
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| ! FACE
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| | eː~eɪ || ɪj + reinforcement before C; ɛɪ otherwise || ɛɪ || eɪ; aɪ ("Poylish")
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| |-
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| ! PRICE
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| | aɪ || əɪ~ʌɪ + reinforcement before C; ɑɪ~ɒɪ otherwise || ɑɪ || aɪ; oɪ ("Poylish")
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| |-
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| ! CHOICE
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| | oɪ || oɪ~ʊɪ + reinforcement before C; oɪ otherwise || oɪ || ɔɪ~oɪ; ui ("Poylish")
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| |-
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| ! MOUTH
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| | aʊ || æʊ~ɛɔ || æʊ || aʊ
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| |-
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| ! GOAT
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| | oː~oʊ || əʊ~ə̟ʊ~eʊ, oʊ before [ɫ] || ə̟ʊ~əʊ~əʏ~ʌʏ, ɔʊ~ɒʊ before [ɫ]|| ɔɪ~oɪ; a: ("Poylish")
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| |-
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| ! GOOSE
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| | uː || üw~yː, uː before [ɫ] || üː, uː before [ɫ] || uː; iː ("Poylish")
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| |-
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| ! PALM
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| | ɑː || ɑ~ä || ɑː || aː
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| |-
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| ! THOUGHT
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| | ɑː || oə(ɹ)~ʊə(ɹ) || oː || ɔː; uː ("Poylish")
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| |-
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| ! NEAR
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| | iːɹ || iə(ɹ) || iɚ || iʀ
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| |-
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| ! SQUARE
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| | eːɹ || eə(ɹ) || ɛɚ || eʀ
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| |-
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| ! NURSE
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| | əːɹ || əː(ɹ) || ɚː || əʀ
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| |-
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| ! START
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| | ɑːɹ || ɒː(ɹ) || ɑɚ || aʀ
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| |-
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| ! NORTH
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| | ɑːɹ || oə(ɹ) || oɚ || oʀ
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| |-
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| ! FORCE
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| | oːɹ || oə(ɹ) || oɚ (oʊɚ~əʊɚ for Jewish speakers) || ɔɪʀ~oɪʀ
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| |-
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| ! POOR
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| | uːɹ || oə(ɹ) || uɚ || uʀ
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| |-
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| ! CURE
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| | juːɹ || joə(ɹ)~jə(ɹ) || juɚ~jɚː || juʀ
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| |-
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| ! commA
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| | ə || ə(ɹ) || ə || ə
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| |-
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| ! lettER
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| | əɹ || ə(ɹ) || ɚ || əʀ
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| |-
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| ! happY
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| | i || iː~ɪj || iː~ɪj || i
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| |-
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| ! colspan="5" | Other phenomena
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| |-
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| ! style="width: 100px;" | Feature !! style="width: 250px;" | Western !! style="width: 250px;" | L-Philadelphian!! style="width: 250px;" | L-Standard !! style="width: 250px;" | Eastern
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| |-
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| ! Rhoticity
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| | Historical /r/ is always [ɹ] || Non-rhotic with intrusive R || Freely varies || Historical /r/ is always [ʀ]
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| |-
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| ! Dark L
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| | Always || Always, often vocalizing || Only when non-prevocalic || Never
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| |-
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| ! /θ ð/
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| | Always [t̪ d̪] || Often [t̪ d̪] || [θ ð] || [s̠ d]
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| |-
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| ! /w/
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| | [w] || [w] || [w] || [v]
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| |-
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| ! Aspiration of voiceless stops and t/d-tapping
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| | As in AmE || As in AmE || As in AmE || Never
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| |}
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| ====Western accent====
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| This is the "Western English" accent. When [[L-Hebrew|Hebrew]] is read in this accent, it sounds like Israeli Hebrew with an American accent. It still has some non-Sephardi features, e.g. tsere = FACE = [eɪ] is distinct from segol = DRESS = [ɛ].
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| The intonation is stereotypical American/Valley Girl.
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| ====L-Philadelphian====
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| This accent is spoken in both the city of Alaşehir in Turkey (or as locals call it, "Flulfia"), and in Philadelphia, PA (called "New Philadelphia" in Lõis). It's basically a non-rhotic version of our Philly accent; r-intrusion is used, as in the New York accent.
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| A characteristic feature is ''reinforcement'' for certain vowels or diphthongs before consonants, which changes the pronunciation of the vowel:
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| *The nucleus is shortened.
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| *When the consonant is voiced, the offglide is lengthened: ''fame'' [fɪiːm]
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| *When the consonant is voiceless, the consonant is lengthened: ''face'' [fɪjsː]
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| /θ ð/ are commonly [t̪ d̪].
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| ====L-Standard English====
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| Often called the "Newton accent". Also a standard for [[L-Hebrew|English Hebrew]].
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| A kind of "Transatlantic accent", inspired by Californian + Philly + Modern RP/Estuary.
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| =====Vowels=====
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| *orange = [ɒɹɪndʒ~ɔɹɪndʒ]
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| *Mary [mɛəɹi] ≈ merry [mɛɹi] ≠ marry [maɹi]
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| *Mirror-nearer distinction
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| *Hurry-furry distinction
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| *No mergers before /l/
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| =====Consonants=====
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| *L is light [l] before vowels and dark [ɫ] otherwise, as in RP.
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| **wholly-holy split.
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| *No glottal reinforcement before stops.
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| */p t k/ are unaspirated after stressed syllables as in AmE.
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| */d t/ has a tapped [ɾ] allophone in similar environments as in American English.
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| *wine-whine merger optional.
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| */r/ may be [ʋ] between vowels.
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| ====Eastern accent====
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| When L-English Jews [[L-Hebrew|read Hebrew]] in this accent, it sounds almost exactly like the Ashkenazi accent. Source of "oy vey" (from ''oh woe'' /øɪ vøɪ/)
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| This is not a specifically Jewish accent, and not all L-English Jews (or even all Ultra-Orthodox Jews) speak it.
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| */w/ = [v]
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| */l/ is always light
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| */r/ = [ʀ~ʁ]
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| */s/ = Basque z
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| */θ/ = Basque s
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| */ð/ = [d]
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| *Stops are unaspirated
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| [o:l hju:mən bijənz əʀ boʀən fʀi: ən i:kwəl ɪn digniti ən ʀaɪts. dei əʀ ɪndaʊd wid ʀi:zən ən konʃəns ən ʃʏd akt toʀds won ənʏdəʀ ɪn ə spiʀit əv bʀʏdəχʏd]
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| ====Poylish====
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| Traditionally spoken by the Azalic population of Poland. In a dialect continuum with Polish, a close sister language (which is not the same as our timeline's Polish since it's Azalic)
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| ===A pre-Grimm accent===
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| Inspiration: Korean accent, British accents, New York accent
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| */f θ h hw/ = [pʰ tʰ h~x xw]
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| */p t k/ = unaspirated stops, often ejectives especially word-finally except after fricatives
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| */tʃ dʒ/ = [t͡ɕ d͡ʑ]
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| */v/ = [b~β]
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| */l/ = [l] (always clear L)
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| */r/ = [ɾ~ɹ]
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| */ð/ = [d~ð]
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| */ʃ/ = [sx~sʰ]
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| *FLEECE = i:
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| *FACE = e:
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| *GOOSE = ü:
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| *GOAT = o:~o̝:
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| *PALM = BATH = a:
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| *THOUGHT = NORTH = FORCE = ʌ:
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| *CHOICE = oi
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| *PRICE = aɪ
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| *MOUTH = aʊ
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| *KIT = i
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| *DRESS = e
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| *TRAP = ɛ
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| *LOT = ʌ
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| *FOOT/STRUT = u
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| *NURSE = ɚ:
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| *START = a:(ɹ)
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| *SQUARE = e:ə(ɹ)
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| *NEAR = i:ə(ɹ)
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| *POOR = u:ə(ɹ)
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| *CURE = ju:ə(ɹ)
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| *lettER = commA = ə(ɹ)~ʌ̈(ɹ)
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| Yod-coalescence, with /tj dj θj sj/ = [t͡ɕ d͡ʑ t͡ɕʰ ɕ]
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| In broad accents: wu/wu:/wuə > u/u:/uə and ji/ji:/jiə > i/i:/iə; hence year/ear, yeast/east, swoon/soon are homophones
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| BATH [a:] occurs for L-Standard English /a/ usually where Korean commonly transcribes the English word as /a/. (The instances do ''not'' correspond to instances of BATH in RP.)
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| *''chance'' [t͡ɕa:ns]; but ''dance'' [dɛns], ''answer'' [ɛnsʌ̈]
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| *''plant'' [pla:ntʼ], ''Grant'' [gra:ntʼ]; but ''grant'' [grɛntʼ]
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| *''glass'' [gla:s], ''gas'' [ga:s]; but ''pass'' [pɛs], ''class'' [klɛs]
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| *''plastic'' [pla:stikʼ], ''last'' [la:st], ''master'' [ma:stʌ̈]
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| *''mask'' [ma:sk], ''flask'' [fla:sk]; but ''ask'' [ɛsk], ''task'' [tɛsk]
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| *''after'' [a:ftʌ̈], ''craft'' [kra:ft]
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| *''half'' [ha:pʰ]; but ''graph'' [grɛpʰ]
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| *''bath'' [ba:tʰ]; but ''math'' [mɛtʰ]
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| ===Medh Chêl accent===
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| *KIT = [i], FLEECE = [iː]
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| *DRESS = [e̞], SQUARE = [e̞ː]
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| *TRAP = [æ], [æː] in some words (with a split similar to bad-lad split)
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| *LOT = [ɑ], PALM = START = [ɑː]
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| *STRUT = [ɤ], THOUGHT = NORTH = FORCE = [oː]
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| *NURSE = [ø̞ː]
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| *FOOT = [u]
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| *GOOSE = [yː]
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| *GOAT = [ø̞y] / [ɶy]
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| *FACE = [ɛi]
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| *PRICE = [ɑɪ], MOUTH = [æo] (cultivated), [æø] (broad)
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| *NEAR = [ie], POOR = [uo]
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| ==="Stage Old English"===
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| Australianized vowels, Pre-Grimm/Ancient Greek stops
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| ===An "Old English" accent===
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| *CHOICE = œɪ
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| *PRICE = ɑ:
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| *MOUTH = æ:ɑ
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| *PALM = æ:
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| *FACE = æɪ
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| *GOAT = e:o
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| *THOUGHT = ɔ:
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| *FLEECE = i:
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| *GOOSE = u:
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| **/ju:/ = y:
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| *FERN = FIR = ør~yr (also MERRY and MIRROR)
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| *FUR = ʊr (also HURRY)
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| *FORCE = e:or~ø:r
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| *NORTH = ɔ:r
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| *NEAR = CURE = iur~y:r
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| *POOR = u:r
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| *SQUARE = e:r
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| *TRAP = ɑ, æɑ before /l r/ (also START and MARRY)
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| *DRESS = ɛ, eo~œ before /l/
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| *KIT = ɪ, ɪʊ~ʏ before /l/
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| *LOT = ɔ
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| *FOOT = STRUT = ʊ
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| [[Category:Azalic languages]] | | [[Category:Azalic languages]] |