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Volapűük nulíik: Difference between revisions
→Reflexivity/Reciprocity
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=== | ===Reflexivity/Reciprocity=== | ||
Reflexivity describes a linguistic concept in which the agent of and action and patient / receiver of an action are identical. Many language use specific pronouns to express reflexivity. Volapűük nulíik does not have a specific set of pronouns for this purpos but expresses this concept by repeating the subject pronoun suffix in the object position: | |||
"Lavám." | |||
LAV-á-m | |||
WASH-pres.-3.sg.anim.masc. | |||
He washes. | |||
"Lavgámin." | |||
LAV-g-á-m-i-n | |||
WASH-val.acc.-pres.-3.sg.anim.masc.-acc.-3.sg.inam. | |||
He washes it. | |||
"Lavgámip." | |||
LAV-g-á-m-i-p | |||
WASH-val.acc.-pres.-3.sg.anim.masc.-acc.-3.sg.anim.neutr. | |||
He washes them [singular]. | |||
"Lavgámif." | |||
LAV-g-á-m-i-f | |||
WASH-val.acc.-pres.-3.sg.anim.masc.-acc.-3.sg.anim.fem. | |||
He washes her. | |||
"Lavgámim." | |||
LAV-g-á-m-i-m | |||
WASH-val.acc.-pres.-3.sg.anim.masc.-acc.-3.sg.anim.masc. | |||
He washes himself. | |||
If the person mentioned washes another person of the same gender, the deictic pronoun -k is used: | |||
"Lavgámik." | |||
LAV-g-á-m-i-k | |||
WASH-val.acc.-pres.-3.sg.anim.masc.-acc.-3.sg.deic.close | |||
"He washes him." | |||
===Co-verb suffixes=== | ===Co-verb suffixes=== | ||