|
|
| (35 intermediate revisions by 2 users not shown) |
| Line 1: |
Line 1: |
| :[[Yacavestub/Lexicon]] | | :[[Yacavestu/Lexicon]] |
|
| |
|
| '''Yacavestub''' is a head-final ("Altaic") agglutinative language spoken in Eastern Talma and Northern Etalocin, and is an official language of Quelocin (''!werotunu'' in Yacavestub, from the !Zoom name ''tkwe'') alongside [[Clofabosin]]. It's inspired aesthetically by drug names (cf. [[Clofabosin]]), Zulu, Welsh, and Estonian. It has clicks from [[!Zoom]]. It is an isolate, though some believe it is related to [[Idavic]]. | | '''Yacavestu''' (''Yacɐvestu'') is a language of Yaca Island in Tricin. It's inspired by Clofabosin, Khmer and Portuguese. |
| | |
| ''Yal eŋcuvil g!ifam herazu vestamad.'' = ''Methavir nalaminyl mekerylide ester axoram.''
| |
| | |
| ==Todo==
| |
| * reduplication
| |
| *''-mad'' (e.g. ''ololirmad'')
| |
| *''-vab''
| |
| *''-mob''
| |
| *''-al''
| |
| *''-am''
| |
| *''-xab''
| |
| *''-mob''
| |
| *''-zob''?
| |
| *''-ub''
| |
| *''-ode''
| |
| *''rotunu'' = 'world'
| |
| *''elir'' = 'one'
| |
| | |
| Panzux should be Yaca
| |
|
| |
|
| ==Phonology== | | ==Phonology== |
| ===Consonants===
| |
| m n ŋ p t ʈ k b d g f s h v z l ɬ r r(voiceless) j {{angbr|''m n ŋ p t th c b d g f s h v z l hl r hr y''}}
| |
|
| |
|
| clicks: @ g@ ! g! | g| || g||
| | The consonants of Yacavestu are ''p t ch c b d gh g m n nh l lh r f v s z y''. |
|
| |
|
| (/ks/ is written {{angbr|''x''}}.)
| | The vowels are ''a e i o u ɐ'', with only ''ɐ i u'' allowed in unstressed syllables. In addition there are diphthongs and nasal vowels (written with a tilde). |
|
| |
|
| Word final l may be retroflexed to /ɭ/ or even lenited to /ɻ/. The lateral fricative /ɬ/ may be a palatal lateral fricative or even a palatal central fricative /ç/ depending on dialect. In those dialects the lateral click is also realized as a palatal click.
| | ==Grammar== |
|
| |
|
| /d/ is often retroflex. | | ===Nouns=== |
| | Yacavestu has a two way grammatical gender system like Clofabosin: animate/inanimate. |
|
| |
|
| ===Vowels===
| | * ''bantoch'' (lamp) - inanimate |
| | * ''masil'' (food) - inanimate |
| | * ''calh'' (man) - animate |
| | * ''mulhɐ'' (nose) - animate |
|
| |
|
| {| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center;"
| | ===Verbs=== |
| |+ '''{{PAGENAME}} vowels'''
| | Yacavestu verbs come in two tenses: past and nonpast, as well as several auxiliary suffixes. The bare nonpast is both a present habitual and a future tense, e.g. ''axurão'' (speaks). |
| |-
| |
| ! style="width: 60px; "|
| |
| ! style="width: 60px; " |Front
| |
| ! style="width: 60px; " |Central
| |
| ! style="width: 60px; " |Back
| |
| |-
| |
| ! style="" |Close
| |
| | '''i, y''' /i/
| |
| |
| |
| | '''u''' /u/
| |
| |-
| |
| ! style="" |Mid
| |
| | '''e''' /e/
| |
| |
| |
| | '''o''' /o/
| |
| |-
| |
| ! style="" |Open
| |
| |
| |
| | '''a''' /a/
| |
| |
| |
| |}
| |
|
| |
|
| ==Morphology==
| | Yacavestu is relatively unusual in that the verb stem alone is a tenseless negative form: ''axur'' (doesn't speak). Old Yacavestu used to have a consistent system of personal suffixes for verbs but in modern times, the 3rd person singular inanimate form became the default form for all persons and numbers. |
| ===Nouns===
| |
| ====Case suffixes====
| |
| *''-b'': (definite)
| |
| *''-vab'': definite accusative suffix
| |
| *''-am'': genitive
| |
| *''-zod'': at, in
| |
| *''-ax'': to
| |
| *''-vil'': from
| |
| | |
| Suffixaufnahme
| |
| | |
| ====Definiteness and possession====
| |
| Nouns take a suffix for definiteness. Possessive suffixes are added directly to the noun for inalienable possession, and to the classifier for alienable possession.
| |
| {| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style=" text-align: center;"
| |
| |-
| |
| !colspan="3" |''vestu'' - 'language'
| |
| |-
| |
| !style="width: 100px;"|Number→<br/>State↓
| |
| !style="width: 100px;"|Singular
| |
| !style="width: 100px;"|Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| !|Indefinite
| |
| |''vestu''||''vestəl''
| |
| |-
| |
| !|Definite
| |
| |''vestub''||''vestələb''
| |
| |-
| |
| !|1sg possessor
| |
| |''vestel''||''vestəlel''
| |
| |-
| |
| !|2sg possessor
| |
| |''vestud''||''vestəlud''
| |
| |-
| |
| !|3sg possessor
| |
| |''vestun''||''vestəlun''
| |
| |-
| |
| !|1pl possessor
| |
| |''vestelax''||''vestəlelax''
| |
| |-
| |
| !|2pl possessor
| |
| |''vestudax''||''vestəludax''
| |
| |-
| |
| !|3pl possessor
| |
| |''vestunax''||''vestəlunax''
| |
| |}
| |
|
| |
|
| ===Verbs===
| | There is no infinitive in Yacavestu (it uses subjunctives instead). |
| Present tense: ''-mad''
| |
| === Adjectives ===
| |
| Present tense ''-ir''?
| |
| [[Category:{{PAGENAME}}]][[Category:Languages]][[Category:Tricin]]
| |