Old Chinese to Rulhilli Sound Changes

From Linguifex
Jump to navigation Jump to search

Old Chinese > Old Rulhilli

V(ː){j,w},i(ː)j,u(ː)w > a(ː)j,a(ː)w,iː,uː / _[C,.]

Sʰ,sSʰ,[S̥,S̬]s# > S̬ʱ,S̥ʰ,[S̥ʰ,S̬ʱ]

S > S̬ / _S̬(ʱ)

sC(ʱ) > C̥(ʰ)

Crə > Cr̩

ə > Ø when that wouldn't cause unruliness

lr,l̥r > ɭ,ɭʱ > ɖ,ɖʱ

V(C)ʔ > Vː(C) / _[C,.]

ʔ,ʔʷ > Ø,w

{ə,a},{ə,a}ː > ɐ,ɑː

ts,dz(ʱ),z,w > tʃ,dʒ(ʱ),s,ʋ

N̥,hʷ,j̊,{r̥,l̥} > N,ɸ,ɕ,ʃ

tʃ,dʒ(ʱ),ʃ > ʈʂ,ɖʐ(ʱ),ʂ

ʈʂ,ɖʐ(ʱ) > ʈ,ɖ(ʱ)

ɸ,h > ɦ

{{n,ŋ(!ʷ)},{t,k(!ʷ)},{d,g(!ʷ)}(ʱ),{s,ɦ}}j > ɲ,tɕ,dʑ(ʱ),ɕ

Crj,Cʷ > Cj,C

l,r > ɾ

[V,r̩](ː)N > Ṽ(ː),n̩(ː) / _[C,.,!s]

Ns. > N

ẽ(ː(ː)),õ(ː(ː)),eː,oː > ĩ(ː(ː)),ũ(ː(ː)),ai,au

ɐj,ɐw,ɑːj,ɑːw,eːː,oːː > e,o,ai,au,,aːi,aːu / _[C,.]

Vːː,Ṽːː > Vː,Vːm

Ṽ(ː){j,w} > V(ː){n,m} / _[C,.]

NS > NS (nasal assimilates)

s# > h

Old Rulhilli > Rulhilli

C̩(ː) > Ci(ː)

Ṽː,VːC. > Ṽ,VC

d,dʱ,ɖ,ɖʱ > l,lʱ,ɭ,ɭʱ / V_V (before most post-classical loaning)

ɑː{ʋ,j}ɐ,ɐ{ʋ,j}ɑː ɑː{ʋ,j}ɑː > ɑː

ɐʋ{ɐ,i(ː)},ɐj{ɐ,u(ː)} > ɔ,ɛ

sS,#sS > S̥ʰː,S̥ʰ

SS,NN > S2ː,N2ː

a(ː)i,a(ː)u > ɛ(ː),ɔ(ː)

[D,R,!{ɾ,l}]j,#[D,R,!{ɾ,l}]j > Pː,P

h# > Ø

(t)ɕ(ʰ),dʑ(ʱ) > (t)ʃ(ʰ),dʒ(ʱ)

ɲ > n / _{(t)ʃ(ʰ),dʒ(ʱ)} (doesn't change spelling)

ɐ > Ø / VC_[CV,#] (doesn't change spelling)

ɾ{l,ɭ}(ʱ) > ɭː(ʱ)