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[[ | [[{{FULLPAGENAME}}/Lexicon]] | ||
[[ | [[{{FULLPAGENAME}}/Swadesh list]] | ||
{{Infobox language family | {{Infobox language family | ||
| setting = [[Verse:Tricin|Tricin]] | | setting = [[Verse:Tricin|Tricin]] | ||
| region = Txapoalli, | | creator = User:IlL | ||
| name = | | region = Txapoalli, Talma, Etalocin; today worldwide | ||
| familycolor = | | name = Quame | ||
| altname = Naquo-Bjeheondo-Talman, Northwestern | |||
| familycolor = Quame | |||
| family = One of Tricin's primary language families | | family = One of Tricin's primary language families | ||
| protoname = [[Proto- | | protoname = [[Proto-Quame]] | ||
}} | }} | ||
The ''' | The '''Quame languages''' ([[Eevo]]: ''brits Cłem'', from ''*kʷēm'', the reconstructed word for 1), also known as '''Naquo-Bjeheondo-Talman''', are a major language family in [[Verse:Tricin|Tricin]]. It is well-established that that [[Naquic languages|Naquic]] and [[Talmic languages|Talmic]] form a Naquo-Talmic family; the relationship of other languages to Naquo-Talmic is conjectured by some but not well-established. | ||
The Quame urheimat is surmised to be somewhere in Etalocin (the union of Clofabolocin and [[Verse:Tricin/Dodellia|Dodellia]]). Proto-Quame was spoken 3000 years ago. | |||
Proto-Quame phonology is inspired by classical IE languages (esp. Greek and Proto-Celtic) and Tsez. | |||
==Family tree== | |||
* Quame | |||
* | ** [[Talmic languages]] | ||
* | ** [[Roshterian]] | ||
** [[Nurian]] | |||
** [[Naquian]] | |||
** [[Wiobian]] | |||
** [[Aevehāne]] | |||
==Phonology== | ==Phonology== | ||
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! rowspan="2" colspan="2" | | ! rowspan="2" colspan="2" | | ||
! rowspan="2" |Labial | ! rowspan="2" |Labial | ||
! rowspan="2" | | ! rowspan="2" |Dental | ||
! rowspan="2" |Alveolar | |||
! rowspan="2" |Palatal | ! rowspan="2" |Palatal | ||
! colspan="2" |Velar | ! colspan="2" |Velar | ||
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| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| | |||
| | |||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
! rowspan=" | ! rowspan="3" |Plosive | ||
! |<small>plain</small> | ! |<small>plain (asp.)</small> | ||
| '''* | | | ||
| '''* | | '''*t''' | ||
| '''*T''' | |||
| | | | ||
| '''*k''' | | '''*k''' | ||
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| '''*q''' | | '''*q''' | ||
| '''*qʷ''' | | '''*qʷ''' | ||
| '''* | | '''*{{aleph}}''' | ||
|- | |||
! |<small>ejective</small> | |||
| | |||
| '''*tʼ''' | |||
| '''*Tʼ''' | |||
| | |||
| '''*kʼ''' | |||
| '''*kʷʼ''' | |||
| '''*qʼ''' | |||
| '''*qʷʼ''' | |||
| | |||
|- | |- | ||
! |<small>voiced</small> | ! |<small>voiced</small> | ||
| '''*b''' | | '''*b''' | ||
| '''*d | | '''*d''' | ||
| '''*D''' | |||
| | | | ||
| '''*g''' | | '''*g''' | ||
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|- | |- | ||
! colspan="2" style="" |Fricative | ! colspan="2" style="" |Fricative | ||
| '''* | | '''*φ''' | ||
| | | '''*s''' | ||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
! colspan="2" |Resonant | ! colspan="2" |Resonant | ||
| | | | ||
| '''*l | | '''*l''' | ||
| '''*r''' | |||
| '''*y''' /j/ | | '''*y''' /j/ | ||
| | | | ||
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|- | |- | ||
! style="" |Close | ! style="" |Close | ||
| '''*i ī''' | | '''*i *ī''' | ||
| | | | ||
| '''*u ū''' | | '''*u *ū''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! style="" |Mid | ! style="" |Mid | ||
| '''*e *ē''' | | '''*e *ē''' | ||
| '''* | | | ||
| '''*o *ō''' | |||
|- | |- | ||
! style="" |Open | ! style="" |Open | ||
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===Phonotactics=== | ===Phonotactics=== | ||
Rules: | Rules: | ||
*Grassmann's Law operates in many descendants. | *Grassmann's Law operates in many descendants. | ||
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==Grammar== | ==Grammar== | ||
===Typology=== | ===Typology=== | ||
No case, number + classifier marking articles, clusivity (very un-IE) | |||
* | OVS; focus prominent; Wackernagel clitics | ||
* | === Classifiers === | ||
* | *qon, pl. stē = animates (humans, more "animate" animals like pets) | ||
* | *ṭēn, pl. yes = honorific form of ne | ||
==== | *kwon, pl. φrī = organisms not viewed as sentient: plants, fungi, "lower" animals, pests | ||
= | *φās, pl. nē = generic inanimates | ||
*smār, pl. smin = tiny, point-like objects; mass nouns | |||
*oyr, pl. φal = long, thin objects | |||
*φū, pl. zoy = flat sheets | |||
*gī, pl. krūh = food items | |||
*rāw, pl. sya = abstractions; intellectual works such as art, books, ... | |||
*kmāh, pl. lū = manmade structures: houses, buildings, cities; tools | |||
** Units of measurement do not take classifiers with numerals. | |||
[[Category:Tricin]][[Category: | ==Derivational morphology== | ||
* ''-sa'': "Caland" suffix | |||
* Compounding (head-final) | |||
[[Category:Tricin]][[Category:Quame languages|*]][[Category:Proto-languages]] | |||
[[Category:Language families|Q]] | [[Category:Language families|Q]] |
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