4,735
edits
User:Chrysophylax/Golden Afroasiatic: Difference between revisions
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
m
User:Chrysophylax/Golden Afroasiatic (view source)
Revision as of 01:39, 16 July 2015
, 16 July 2015no edit summary
Chrysophylax (talk | contribs) mNo edit summary |
Chrysophylax (talk | contribs) mNo edit summary |
||
| Line 14: | Line 14: | ||
dep. -i | could it be originally enclitic ʔǐn?? | dep. -i | could it be originally enclitic ʔǐn?? | ||
Egyptian primarily loss of prefixing conj. mostly suffixing, loans from substrate looks a bit Sudanic. | |||
| Line 47: | Line 50: | ||
*Gafat: ~Blue Nile, W. Ethiopia, died,r eplaced with Amharic. Preserves archaic plural noun ''kitač''¸( <Sem. ''*kitāti'' 'children') ~ cf. Egyptian ''ktt'' “little one”. Also preserved ''mossay' “child”, cf. Egyptian ''mś'' ( < ''mśi'' 'give birth') | *Gafat: ~Blue Nile, W. Ethiopia, died,r eplaced with Amharic. Preserves archaic plural noun ''kitač''¸( <Sem. ''*kitāti'' 'children') ~ cf. Egyptian ''ktt'' “little one”. Also preserved ''mossay' “child”, cf. Egyptian ''mś'' ( < ''mśi'' 'give birth') | ||
==Phonology== | |||
?no distinction between voiced/devoiced stops in Semitic and Egyptian? e.g. ''’bd'' vs. ''’bt'' “perish”, ''b‘l'' vs. ''p‘l'' “make”, ''kbd'' vs. ''kbt'' “be heavy”, ''ndn'' vs. ''ntn'' “give”, ''nbš'' vs. ''npš'' “breath, life”, ''nbk'' vs. ''npk'' “well”, ''šbt'' vs. ''špt'' “full moon”. | |||
Egyptian: ''k-p-n'' and ''k-b-n'' for ''Gbl'' “Byblos”. | |||
Emphatic identity: pharyngealisation in Semitic - Lipiński argues for primacy of this based on ancient phonetic changes and transcriptions, e.g. Ugaritic nṯ̣r > ng̊r “to guard” pointing out that the interdental fricative ṯ̣ had become a velar fricative acos pharyngealization. Also, spread over words, called tafẖim in Arabic, may explain variation of roots and u-vocalism in East Semitic, Lipiński gives ex. ''qurbum'' for ''qarbum'' “near”, ''inaṣṣur'' for ''inaṣṣar'' “he guards”. | |||
For PSem. Lipínski (2001) gives vowels: '''*a''', '''*i''', '''*u''' with long vowels '''*ā''', '''*ū'''. Mentions vocalic '''*l''' and '''*r''' as very probable as they're attested in oldest phases of daughters. | |||
Consonants here are then labial '''*p''' (which did a P-celtic early on in a bunch of langs, e.g. SArab. ḥrf “autumn” < ḥrp) and probably '''*b''' (but see note above about a possible lack of distinction between voiced/voiceless), '''*m'''. | |||
Semitic dialects show partial confusion of '''*b''' and '''*m''' - not too strange if thinking of a [b] allophone of orig. /p/ causing a bit of havoc. | |||
Berber and Assyro-Babylonian words show change of nominal prefix ''m-'' -> ''n-'' when before labial. Additionally, Berber and East Semitic point to alternation between ''m / n'', Lipiński gives ESem. ''wasāmu'' “to be skilled” and Berber ''wsn'' “to be skilled” (modern Tuareg ''a-mūssen'' “skilled man”) | |||