Verse:Mwail/Quququqquq: Difference between revisions

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{{List subpages}}
{{List subpages}}
 
{{Infobox language
In [[Verse:Angai|Angai]], '''Quququqquq''' (/ku:ku:'kʊkkʊk/, natively ''quququqquq qaqqaäa'' /kùkùkùkːùk kàkːàáà/ [kʰùvūvūkūɰˀ kʰàkǣǽǣ]) is the most phonologically minimalistic [[Kawenic languages|Kawenic]] language, with just one consonant /k/, two vowels /u a/, and two tones (high, Romanized ''ä ü'' and low, Romanized ''a u''). It originated in the island nation of Quqqaäa (lit. 'the Commons', pronounced /'kʊkə/ in English). Today it has official status in Quqqaäa, Aqqaüqüququq (lit. 'Society of Friends'), and the Alliance.
|image =
|imagesize =
|creator =
|name = Quququqquq
|nativename = quququqquq qaqqaäa
|pronunciation=kʰùvūvūkūɰˀ kʰàkǣǽǣ
|setting = [[Verse:Mwail]]
|region =
|speakers=1.5 billion
|date=2025
|familycolor=austronesian
|fam1=[[Verse:Mwail/Irenesian languages|Irenesian]]
|fam2=[[Verse:Mwail/Erno-Kawenic languages|Erno-Kawenic]]
|fam3=[[Verse:Mwail/Kawenic languages|Kawenic]]
|fam4=Quququqquqqic
|fam5=Old Quququqquq
|iso3=
|official=
|notice=IPA
}}
'''Quququqquq''' (/ku:ku:'kʊkkʊk/, natively ''quququqquq qaqqaäa'' /kùkùkùkːùk kàkːàáà/ [kʰùvūvūkūɰˀ kʰàkǣǽǣ]) is the most phonologically minimalistic [[Kawenic languages|Kawenic]] language, with just one consonant /k/, two vowels /u a/, and two tones (high, Romanized ''ä ü'' and low, Romanized ''a u'').


Quququqquq grammar is mainly inspired by Finnic languages. Like Estonian, Quququqquq is a partially fusionalized agglutinative language with a large noun case system.
Quququqquq grammar is mainly inspired by Finnic languages. Like Estonian, Quququqquq is a partially fusionalized agglutinative language with a large noun case system.
Quququqquq is the lingua franca of modern Angai.


== Todo ==
== Todo ==
auääuauüuauüq - a word like õueaiaäär
auääuauüuauüq - a word like õueaiaäär
== The Quququqquq-speaking world ==
=== Quqqaäa ===
The official name of the country is ''Quqqaäau Uqaqaüquaqquq'' (Republic of the Commons). It is an eco-fascist country controlling most of the natively Kawenic-speaking area. It is allied with Furnifoo against Āínkiīaánịạkàì theocracies.
=== Aqqaüqüququq (Philopolis) ===
Aqqaüqüququq, also called Philopolis in English, is a liberal democracy unlike Quqqaäa.
It plays a pivotal role in Timeline 3: to the rest of Angai, Aqqaüqüququq is regarded as very ethically progressive and a role model for society, especially in the way they're able to stand up to Quqqaäa (and threats of annexation)
=== Alliance ===
=== Differences between Quqqaäan, Philopolitan, and Alliance Quququqquq ===
Modern-day spoken Quqqaän Quququqquq can totally ditch the second person singular and use the plural for the new singular, and the plural with -uqqaqq for the actual plural (c.f. "y'all" and "all y'all")
so, i'm thinking that Quqqaäans may not even get into poetry that doesn't serve the ecofascist purpose so the 2nd person singular form is completely obsolete, and the -uqqaqq suffix carries political connotations of communality
but the people of Aqqaüqüququq really love their art, and they kept the T-V distinction in their dialect, so there are even spontaneous movements to generalize the old 2nd person singular to all formality levels like the Quakers
the association of the 2nd person singular with art rather than disrespect makes people want to prop it up
The pragmatics of the plural verb suffix ''-uqqaqq'' in Philopolitan Quququqquq are:
* inclusive when used with 1st person
* plural (rather than respectful) when used with 2nd person
* distanced/obviative/"the crowd" when used with 3rd person
the Alliance dialect of Quququqquq is closer to Quqqaäan Quququqquq but without some of the Quqqaäan pragmatics (-uqqaqq follows the Philopolitan standard)


== History ==
== History ==
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# '''allative''': 'towards; recipient of an act of giving'
# '''allative''': 'towards; recipient of an act of giving'
# '''adessive''': 'at, by, next to'
# '''adessive''': 'at, by, next to'
#* ''X-ADE qaü Y-NOM'' is used for 'X has Y': ''Qauaqqüqua qaü qüqququqau'' 'Qauaqquq has a cuckoo'
#* ''X-ADE qau Y-NOM'' is used for 'X has Y': ''Qauaqqüqua qau qüqququqau'' 'Qauaqquq has a cuckoo'
# '''ablative''': 'from; a person from whom something is taken, stolen, etc. from'
# '''ablative''': 'from; a person who something is taken, stolen, etc. from'
# '''translative''': 'becoming X'
# '''terminative''': 'as far as a location, until/by a certain point in time' (Korean -까지)
# '''durative''': 'at (temporal), during'
# '''essive''': 'being X'
# '''exessive''': 'becoming something else than X'
# '''comitative''': 'together with X'
# '''abessive''': 'without X'
# '''instructive''': 'using X'


==== Inflection ====
==== Inflection ====
Line 66: Line 66:
* II: genitive singular (never ends in -q)
* II: genitive singular (never ends in -q)
* III: genitive plural (often but not always ends in ''-qa''; never ends in -q)
* III: genitive plural (often but not always ends in ''-qa''; never ends in -q)
* IV: partitive plural (always ends in -q; sometimes III+q but not always)
* IV: partitive plural (often III+q but not always)
 
Some partitive plurals have vowel alternations:
-a -> -ü
-ä -> -u
-u -> -ä
-ü -> -a


Given principal parts nouns are declined as follows:
Given principal parts nouns are declined as follows:
Line 306: Line 312:
Unlike nouns and adjectives, most verbs have an unchanging stem. There are only two irregular verbs in the language: ''qaüqa'' 'to be' and ''quüqquqa'' 'to go'.
Unlike nouns and adjectives, most verbs have an unchanging stem. There are only two irregular verbs in the language: ''qaüqa'' 'to be' and ''quüqquqa'' 'to go'.


Quququqquq verbs have several differences from Standard Average European:
Quququqquq verbs have several differences from those of Standard Average European:
* negative verb that marks TAM
* verbs are negated using a negative verb that marks TAM
* emphatic forms are used to emphasize the subject, instead of subject pronouns (cf. Old Irish)
* emphatic forms are used to emphasize the subject, instead of subject pronouns (cf. Old Irish)
* impersonal forms
* impersonal forms are used instead of the passive voice


Infinitives end in ''-uqa'' or ''-üqa'' depending on the verb. The connegative form (the form used after the negative verb) is always identical to the 2sg imperative except in irregular verbs.
Infinitives end in ''-uqa'' or ''-üqa'' depending on the verb. The connegative form (the form used after the negative verb) is always identical to the 2sg imperative except in irregular verbs.
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|-
|-
! 1st || rowspan="3" | pl.
! 1st || rowspan="3" | pl.
| qauaüq || äqaüq qaua || qauäaüq || äqqauq qaua || qauaüquqq || äqaüquqq qaua || qauäaüquqq || äqqaüquqq qaua || qüuaüq || äuqaüq qüu  
| qauaüq || äqaüq qaua || qauäaüq || äqqauq qaua || qauaüquqq || äqaüquqq qaua || qauäaüquqq || äqqaüquqq qaua || qüuqaüq || äuqaüq qüu  
|-
|-
! 2nd
! 2nd
| qaüquq || äququq qaua || qauäuquq || äqququq qaua || qaüququqq || äquququqq qaua || qauäuququqq || äqquququqq qaua || qüuü || äuqü qüu  
| qaüquq || äququq qaua || qauäuquq || äqququq qaua || qaüququqq || äquququqq qaua || qauäuququqq || äqquququqq qaua || qüuqü || äuqü qüu  
|-
|-
! 3rd
! 3rd

Latest revision as of 05:23, 24 June 2025

In this versespace:

Verse talk:
Quququqquq
quququqquq qaqqaäa
Pronunciation[kʰùvūvūkūɰˀ kʰàkǣǽǣ]
SettingVerse:Mwail
Native speakers1.5 billion (2025)
Irenesian
This article contains IPA phonetic symbols. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA.

Quququqquq (/ku:ku:'kʊkkʊk/, natively quququqquq qaqqaäa /kùkùkùkːùk kàkːàáà/ [kʰùvūvūkūɰˀ kʰàkǣǽǣ]) is the most phonologically minimalistic Kawenic language, with just one consonant /k/, two vowels /u a/, and two tones (high, Romanized ä ü and low, Romanized a u).

Quququqquq grammar is mainly inspired by Finnic languages. Like Estonian, Quququqquq is a partially fusionalized agglutinative language with a large noun case system.

Todo

auääuauüuauüq - a word like õueaiaäär

History

Old Quququqquq had two consonants /t k/. After an epidemic hit, speakers could only communicate in a whistled form of the language, which didn't distinguish between the two consonants. When they later developed a written language based on this, the distinction was thus lost. Words that became homophonous were distinguished by compounding and derivation.

Phonology

Allophony

Phonotactics

Initial q must be followed by a vowel

Geminate q may occur after a vowel, including word-finally

Any sequence of vowels/tones are allowed, except äää/aaa/üüü/uuu

Morphology

Nouns and adjectives

Quququqquq nouns and adjectives have 17 cases:

  1. nominative: the syntactic subject of any verb, intransitive or transitive
  2. genitive: the possessor of a noun, or the semantic patient of a verb (the noun that undergoes change as a result of a transitive verb)
  3. partitive: an object of a transitive verb that is not semantically a patient
  4. illative: 'into'
  5. inessive: 'in, inside'
  6. elative: 'out of'
  7. allative: 'towards; recipient of an act of giving'
  8. adessive: 'at, by, next to'
    • X-ADE qau Y-NOM is used for 'X has Y': Qauaqqüqua qau qüqququqau 'Qauaqquq has a cuckoo'
  9. ablative: 'from; a person who something is taken, stolen, etc. from'
  10. translative: 'becoming X'
  11. terminative: 'as far as a location, until/by a certain point in time' (Korean -까지)
  12. durative: 'at (temporal), during'
  13. essive: 'being X'
  14. exessive: 'becoming something else than X'
  15. comitative: 'together with X'
  16. abessive: 'without X'
  17. instructive: 'using X'

Inflection

Nouns and adjectives have four principal parts:

  • I: nominative singular (never ends in -qq)
  • II: genitive singular (never ends in -q)
  • III: genitive plural (often but not always ends in -qa; never ends in -q)
  • IV: partitive plural (often III+q but not always)

Some partitive plurals have vowel alternations: -a -> -ü -ä -> -u -u -> -ä -ü -> -a

Given principal parts nouns are declined as follows:

singular plural
nominative I II-q
genitive II III
partitive I-q IV
illative II-ü III-ü
inessive II-qqu III-qqu
elative II-qqüq III-qqüq
allative II-qua III-qua
adessive II-qqa III-qqa
ablative II-qqäq III-qqäq
translative II-ququ III-ququ
terminative II-quaä III-quaä
durative II-quqqü III-quqqü
essive II-qaua III-qaua
exessive II-qauäq III-qauäq
comitative II-qqäqu III-qqäqu
abessive II-uqqau III-uqqau
instructive II-qqaqqu III-qqaqqu

Examples:

aqua, aqü, aquaqa, aquauq 'water'
singular plural
nominative aqua aqüq
genitive aqü aquaqa
partitive aquaq aquauq
illative aqüü aquaqaü
inessive aqüqqu aquaqaqqu
elative aqüqqüq aquaqaqqüq
allative aqüqua aquaqaqua
adessive aqüqqa aquaqaqqa
ablative aqüqqäq aquaqaqqäq
translative aqüququ aquaqaququ
terminative aqüquaä aquaqaquaä
durative aqüquqqü aquaqaquqqü
essive aqüqaua aquaqaqaua
exessive aqüqauäq aquaqaqauäq
comitative aqüqqäqu aquaqaqqäqu
abessive aqüuqqau aquaqauqqau
instructive aqüqqaqqu aquaqaqqaqqu

quququqquq, quququqququ, quququqquqa, quququqquqq 'Quququqquq (adjective)'
singular plural
nominative quququqquq quququqququq
genitive quququqququ quququqquqa
partitive quququqquqq quququqquqq
illative quququqququü quququqquqaü
inessive quququqququqqu quququqquqaqqu
elative quququqququqqüq quququqquqaqqüq
allative quququqquququa quququqquqaqua
adessive quququqququqqa quququqquqaqqa
ablative quququqququqqäq quququqquqaqqäq
translative quququqququququ quququqquqaququ
terminative quququqquququaä quququqquqaquaä
durative quququqquququqqü quququqquqaquqqü
essive quququqququqaua quququqquqaqaua
exessive quququqququqauäq quququqquqaqauäq
comitative quququqququqqäqu quququqquqaqqäqu
abessive quququqququuqqau quququqquqauqqau
instructive quququqququqqaqqu quququqquqaqqaqqu

qaqqaäa, qaqqaäa, qaqqaäqa, qaqqaäaq 'tongue, language'
singular plural
nominative qaqqaäa qaqqaäaq
genitive qaqqaäa qaqqaäqa
partitive qaqqaäaq qaqqaäaq
illative qaqqaäaü qaqqaäqaü
inessive qaqqaäaqqu qaqqaäqaqqu
elative qaqqaäaqqüq qaqqaäqaqqüq
allative qaqqaäaqua qaqqaäqaqua
adessive qaqqaäaqqa qaqqaäqaqqa
ablative qaqqaäaqqäq qaqqaäqaqqäq
translative qaqqaäaququ qaqqaäqaququ
terminative qaqqaäaquaä qaqqaäqaquaä
durative qaqqaäaquqqü qaqqaäqaquqqü
essive qaqqaäaqaua qaqqaäqaqaua
exessive qaqqaäaqauäq qaqqaäqaqauäq
comitative qaqqaäaqqäqu qaqqaäqaqqäqu
abessive qaqqaäauqqau qaqqaäqauqqau
instructive qaqqaäaqqaqqu qaqqaäqaqqaqqu


Verbs

Unlike nouns and adjectives, most verbs have an unchanging stem. There are only two irregular verbs in the language: qaüqa 'to be' and quüqquqa 'to go'.

Quququqquq verbs have several differences from those of Standard Average European:

  • verbs are negated using a negative verb that marks TAM
  • emphatic forms are used to emphasize the subject, instead of subject pronouns (cf. Old Irish)
  • impersonal forms are used instead of the passive voice

Infinitives end in -uqa or -üqa depending on the verb. The connegative form (the form used after the negative verb) is always identical to the 2sg imperative except in irregular verbs.

The suffix -uqqaqq can optionally be added to plural verb forms. The pragmatics of -uqqaqq varies by dialect.

Regular -uqa verbs

quqüäq-uqa 'to write'
indicative mood imperative mood
nonpast past nonpast emphatic past emphatic
per. no. affirmative negative affirmative negative affirmative negative affirmative negative affirmative negative
1st sg. quqüäqau äau quqüäqa quqüäqää äqqau quqüäqa quqüäqauqqa äqauqqa quqüäqa quqüäqääuqqa äqqauqqa quqüäqa - -
2nd quqüäqu äu quqüäqa quqüäqäqu äqqu quqüäqa quqüäqqä äqäqqä quqüäqa quqüäqäqqä äqqäqqä quqüäqa quqüäqa äua quqüäqa
3rd quqüäquq äa quqüäqa quqüäqä äqq quqüäqa quqüäquqqa äqaquqqa quqüäqa quqüäqäqqa äqqaqqa quqüäqa quqüäqqaq äuqaq quqüäqa
1st pl. quqüäqaüq äqaüq quqüäqa quqüäqäaüq äqqauq quqüäqa quqüäqaüquqq äqaüquqq quqüäqa quqüäqäaüquqq äqqaüquqq quqüäqa quqüäqqaüq äuqaüq quqüäqa
2nd quqüäququq äququq quqüäqa quqüäqäuquq äqququq quqüäqa quqüäquququqq äquququqq quqüäqa quqüäqäuququqq äqquququqq quqüäqa quqüäqqü äuqü quqüäqa
3rd quqüäqüüq äqüüq quqüäqa quqüäqäüüq äqqüüq quqüäqa quqüäqüüquqq äqauqq quqüäqa quqüäqäüüquqq äqqauqq quqüäqa quqüäqqaq äuqaq quqüäqa
impersonal quqüäqua äqua quqüäqa quqüäqäua äqqua quqüäqa - - - - quqüäqqua äuqua quqüäqa

Regular -üqa verbs

-üqa results from assimilation of a stem ending in -u- + -uqa. The rule u-u -> ü is applied whenever a suffix begins with u.

auäqq-üqa 'to dig'
indicative mood imperative mood
nonpast past nonpast emphatic past emphatic
per. no. affirmative negative affirmative negative affirmative negative affirmative negative affirmative negative
1st sg. auäqquau äau auäqqua auäqquää äqqau auäqqua auäqquauqqa äqauqqa auäqqua auäqquääuqqa äqqauqqa auäqqua - -
2nd auäqqü äu auäqqua auäqquäqu äqqu auäqqua auäqquqä äqäqqä auäqqua auäqquäqqä äqqäqqä auäqqua auäqqua äua auäqqua
3rd auäqqüq äa auäqqua auäqquä äqq auäqqua auäqqüqqa äqaquqqa auäqqua auäqquäqqa äqqaqqa auäqqua auäqquqaq äuqaq auäqqua
1st pl. auäqquaüq äqaüq auäqqua auäqquäaüq äqqauq auäqqua auäqquaüquqq äqaüquqq auäqqua auäqquäaüquqq äqqaüquqq auäqqua auäqquqaüq äuqaüq auäqqua
2nd auäqqüquq äququq auäqqua auäqquäuquq äqququq auäqqua auäqqüququqq äquququqq auäqqua auäqquäuququqq äqquququqq auäqqua auäqquü äuqü auäqqua
3rd auäqquüüq äqüüq auäqqua auäqquäüüq äqqüüq auäqqua auäqquüüquqq äqauqq auäqqua auäqquäüüquqq äqqauqq auäqqua auäqquqaq äuqaq auäqqua
impersonal auäqqüa äqua auäqqua auäqquäua äqqua auäqqua - - - - auäqququa äuqaua auäqqua

qaüqa 'to be'

qaüqa 'to be'
indicative mood imperative mood
nonpast past nonpast emphatic past emphatic
per. no. affirmative negative affirmative negative affirmative negative affirmative negative affirmative negative
1st sg. qauau äau qaua qauää äqqau qaua qauauqqa äqauqqa qaua qauääuqqa äqqauqqa qaua - -
2nd qaü äu qaua qauäqu äqqu qaua qauqä äqäqqä qaua qauäqqä äqqäqqä qaua qüu äua qüu
3rd qau äa qaua qauä äqq qaua qaüqqa äqaquqqa qaua qauäqqa äqqaqqa qaua qüuqaq äuqaq qüu
1st pl. qauaüq äqaüq qaua qauäaüq äqqauq qaua qauaüquqq äqaüquqq qaua qauäaüquqq äqqaüquqq qaua qüuqaüq äuqaüq qüu
2nd qaüquq äququq qaua qauäuquq äqququq qaua qaüququqq äquququqq qaua qauäuququqq äqquququqq qaua qüuqü äuqü qüu
3rd qaüüq äqüüq qaua qauäüüq äqqüüq qaua qaüüquqq äqauqq qaua qauäüüquqq äqqauqq qaua qüuqaq äuqaq qüu
impersonal qaüa äqua qaua qauäua äqqua qaua - - - - qüuqua äuqua qüu

quüqquqa 'to go'

This verb uses the stem aqäaq- in the indicative mood and the stem quüqq- in the imperative mood.

quüqquqa 'to go'
indicative mood imperative mood
nonpast past nonpast emphatic past emphatic
per. no. affirmative negative affirmative negative affirmative negative affirmative negative affirmative negative
1st sg. aqäaqau äau aqäaqa aqäaqää äqqau aqäaqa aqäaqauqqa äqauqqa aqäaqa aqäaqääuqqa äqqauqqa aqäaqa - -
2nd aqäaqu äu aqäaqa aqäaqäqu äqqu aqäaqa aqäaqqä äqäqqä aqäaqa aqäaqäqqä äqqäqqä aqäaqa quüqqa äua quüqqa
3rd aqäaquq äa aqäaqa aqäaqä äqq aqäaqa aqäaquqqa äqaquqqa aqäaqa aqäaqäqqa äqqaqqa aqäaqa quüqqaq äuqaq quüqqa
1st pl. aqäaqaüq äqaüq aqäaqa aqäaqäaüq äqqauq aqäaqa aqäaqaüquqq äqaüquqq aqäaqa aqäaqäaüquqq äqqaüquqq aqäaqa quüqqaüq äuqaüq quüqqa
2nd aqäaququq äququq aqäaqa aqäaqäuquq äqququq aqäaqa aqäaquququqq äquququqq aqäaqa aqäaqäuququqq äqquququqq aqäaqa quüqqü äuqü quüqqa
3rd aqäaqüüq äqüüq aqäaqa aqäaqäüüq äqqüüq aqäaqa aqäaqüüquqq äqauqq aqäaqa aqäaqäüüquqq äqqauqq aqäaqa quüqqaq äuqaq quüqqa
impersonal aqäaqua äqua aqäaqa aqäaqäua äqqua aqäaqa - - - - quüqqua äuqua quüqqa

Pronouns

Personal pronouns have no nominative forms; emphatic forms of verbs are used instead to emphasize a pronominal subject.

Pronouns have emphatic forms too.

  • quqüü 'who, what'

Derivation

Phrasebook

  • Uu. 'Yes.'
  • Aäa. 'No.'
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