Koǧan

Where?

Aspect	Details
Name	*Caudia*, from Latin *cauda* "tail" — a metaphor for “tail-end” of Latinity
Location	Southeast of the Balearics, equidistant from Ibiza, Algiers, and Cagliari
Size	Roughly 120 km long, mountainous interior, coastal plains
Geological Origin	Volcanic + limestone; freshwater aquifers, arable valleys
Climate	Mediterranean; olive, fig, almond, and cereal agriculture
Historical Timeline	Phoenician colony, Muslim conquest, Cordoban/Andalusian territory, later than Reconquista,

Kawdzja was part of the Caliphate of Córdoba from early on and developed as an exceptionally tolerant multicultural haven, offering the greatest protection and coexistence for Jews and Christians anywhere in the empire. Extended exposure to Classical Arabic, not merely rural dialects. Jewish linguistic influence (e.g., Hebrew calques, Semitic syntax transfers, or Judeo-Romance variants). Christian Latin continuity via protected ecclesiastical communities and monastic scribes. An intellectual center for translation, scientific synthesis, and lexical borrowing in philosophy, agriculture, medicine, and jurisprudence.

Phonology

Kawdzjan Consonant Phonemes

Manner \ Place	Labial	Alveolar	Palatal	Velar
Nasal	/m/	/n	/ɲ/ nj
Stop (voiceless)	/p/	/t~θ/ t		/k/
Stop (voiced)	/b/	/d~ð/		/g/
Fricative (voiceless)	/f/	/s/	/ʃ/ sj	/x~h/ x
Fricative (voiced)	/v/	/z/	/ʒ/ zj
Affricate			/tʃ/ tsj
Affricate			/dʒ/ dzj
Lateral approximant		/l/	/ʎ/ lj
Approximant		/ɾ/ r
Trill		/r/ rr

Kawdzjan Vowel Phonemes

Height \ Backness	Front	Central	Back
High	/i/		/u/
Mid-high (close-mid)	/e/	(/ǝ/)	/o/
Mid-low (open-mid)	/ɛ/ è		/ɔ/ ò
Low	/a/

Nouns

Gender	Markers	Examples	Notes
Masculine	-ò, -e	librò, kwò	Default for most Latin-derived nouns
Feminine	-a, -è	taza, muxada, mira	Inherited from Latin -a and Arabic -ah
Ambiguous/loan	-consonant	saxan, xiber, kativ	Gender marked only via articles/clitics

| **Number** | **Suffix** | **Phonological Notes**                     |
| ---------- | ---------- | ------------------------------------------ |
| Singular   | ∅          | Base form                                  |
| Plural     | -s / -es   | -s after vowels; -es after consonant-final |

Articles

| Gender    | Singular | Plural  | Notes                       |
| --------- | -------- | ------- | --------------------------- |
| Masculine | **al**   | **als** | Arabic *al-* + Romance *-s* |
| Feminine  | **la**   | **las** | Latin-derived, unchanged    |

| Gender    | Singular | Plural   |
| --------- | -------- | -------- |
| Masculine | **un**   | **uns**  |
| Feminine  | **una**  | **unas** |

Pronouns

Number	Person	Politeness	Nom.	Acc.	Dat.	Obl.	Poss.	C.Acc	C.Dat
Singular	1	-	zjè	me		mi	mi/ma/mes/mas	-me	-mi
	2	Informal	tu	te		ti	ti/ta/tes/tas	-te	-ti
	3m	-	èl	so		si	se/sa/ses/sas	-se	-si
	3f	-	èlja	lo		li	le/lua/les/luas	-le	li
Plural	1	-	nos		nov		nòstre/nòstra/nòstres/nòstras	-nos	-ni
	2	Informal	vos		vov		vèstre/vèstra/vèstres/vèstras	-vos	-vi
	3	-	èls	los		lis	lor/lar/lors/lars	-las	lis
Both	2	Formal	ant	-	lèkum	kum	paraph	-kum	-ki

Verbs

• -ar class -> active, from -āre, e.g. kantar 'to sing'
• -er class -> active, from -ēre, e.g. temer 'to fear'
• -ir class -> inchoative, from -īre, e.g. dormir 'to sleep'
• -òr class -> mediopassive, from -or, e.g. moròr 'to die', lavòr 'to bathe (oneself)'

for -ar, s123p123 present indicative active: -o, -as, -a, -am, -atsj, -an. -er is -o, and then all e's instead of a's. -ir is -o, and then all i's instead of a's. -òr is -o, and then all u's instead of a's.

Vocab

• mèdzj - middle
• dzjurn - daily
• odzjo - I hear
• zjamar - to cry out
• rezjina - queen
• ljoria - glory
• lezjer - to read
• exwiber - to write
• espèdzjar - to watch
• mazjòr - bigger
• etsja - road
• pasjènsja - patience
• sotsj - companion
• rasjò - reason
• nojta - night
• anjo - lamb
• axwa - water
• bruvia - rain
• lixwor - liquid
• sjor - flower
• kwo - which
• sjama - flame
• i/j' - and

More Arabic

kadi

major, from القاضي

asjadrez

chess, from الشطرنج

almufada

pillow, from المخدة

zjafran

saffron, from الزعفران

azejtona

olive, from الزيتون

oxalá

hopefully, from ¿إن شاء الله?

mixrab

sanctum, from محراب

zawija

monastery, from زاوية

azjur

blue, from لازورد

tasa

cup, from طاسة

sekwa

irrigation ditch, from سَاقِيَة

alkazar

castle, from اَلْقَصْر

safanòria

carrot, from *سَفُنَّارْيَة

midrasja

seminary, from مدرسة (Heb)

saxan

plate, courtyard, from صحن

kativ

scribe, from كاتب (Heb)

xiber

ink, from حبر

baxarat

seasoning, from بهارات

mira

mirror, from مرآة

diwan

court, from ديوان

gwaf

endowment, from وقف

zit

oil, olive oil, from زيت

Sound Changes

• a,ā -> a
• e -> è
• ē -> e
• o -> ò
• ō -> o
• ī, i -> i
• ū, u -> u

• Latin ct -> jt
• Latin gn -> nj
• Latin pl -> br
• Latin fl -> sj
• Latin cl -> zj
• Latin li -> lj
• Latin di -> dzj
• Latin tiV -> tsjV
• scr -> exw
• sp -> esp
• str -> etsj
• st -> est
• gl -> lj

Passages

North Wind

• La Tramutanja i al Sol kontendègwan kwo de èls era mazjòr.