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=PART I : GRAMMAR= =====Verbal aspect markers=====

==Grammar== ...e-Accusative alignment and verbs are conjugated for mood, voice, tense and aspect.

| › || direction of [[w:transitivity (grammar)|transitivity]] or [[w:possession (linguistics)|possession]]<br>(2›3 may | A || [[w:agent (grammar)|agent]]-like argument of canonical transitive verb

grammar should be a lot more Austronesian than Talman Häskä verbs are highly inflected; they inflect for tense, aspect, voice, mood, and gender agreement.

2 Grammar ==Grammar==

As predicted, ∅ follows all of the principles of universal grammar that is required upon every language. Verbs conjugate for person (1, 2, 3), number (S, P), tense (PST, FUT), aspect (PFV, IMPF, PROG, SIM), mood (what is this, again?), and probably something

...erbs, is a wonderful system. An ideal reform of Esperanto should leave the grammar almost untouched and focus on the “visual appeal”, instead. *The grammar features of uREd are almost untouched in terms of morphology, but allows a

...ice is triggered. By making use of telicity in conjuncture with tense and aspect, a broad range on nuances may be expressed in Classical Talothic. Some ver ...Transitive verb|transitive verb]] (also occasually called the [[w:Subject (grammar)|subject]]), or the person or thing that does the action of the verb, such

|Aspect = no ==Grammar==

| Aspect = no ==Basic grammar==

==Grammar== Verbs inflect for person and aspect, but not tense (except future) or number. The infinitive is marked by eï-

==Grammar== {{main|Hirathic grammar}}

==Grammar== * Perfect aspect -- uses the word ''''reɾetʉ'''' before the main verb -- ''"have studied"'

| Aspect = <!--Aspect? Insert "yes" or "no"--> ...ended that you make sure that the phonology, constraints, phonotactics and grammar are more or less finished before writing. -->

==Grammar== ...plexity that had developed in Classical Rttirri by this point. However, an aspect and politeness system, which have not existed in any form of Rttirri, devel

...ith the newborn language incurred a few hours of research on some specific aspect of linguistics and/or phonology. ==Grammar==

Spocian grammar is agglutinating, characterized by heavily inflected verbs and almost uninf ====Aspect markers====

I don't know, but I think we should start grammar soon. ...Alright, my schedule is now less busy after this week, so I'll see to this grammar now --'''[[User:OlykoekSlayer|<span style="color:FireBrick;">OlykoekSlayer<

| Aspect = yes ==Basic grammar==

...t [[w:Indo-European languages|Indo-European]] word stock with its very own grammar, which is at times described as highly [[w:Agglutinative language|agglutina ...of [[w:sandhi]] occurring in verbs, when the pronoun is combined with the aspect marker.

==Grammar== ...conjugate only for tense, but active verbs will usually be conjugated for aspect as well.

==Grammar== There are no conjugations for person, but there is verb aspect, tense, and voice.

==Grammar== ...to two verbal moods in Proto-South-Rttirrian and took on various tense and aspect functions in other descendants.

...w:Grammatical aspect|aspect]], [[w:Grammatical mood|mood]], and [[w:Voice (grammar)|voice]]. Each element is marked with an agglutinative [[w:Prefix|prefix]]. #Reanalysis of the definite state marker ''ra-'' as a definite [[w:Article (grammar)|article]] ''la''

''*On this page, it's mainly used the grammar of Modern Standard Kaläämi.''<!-- ...variety spoken mainly in Riogran and everywhere on the Aurora Planet. Its grammar is largely agglutinative. The Peruuta Kaläämi is the purest variety of Ka

...Thus Chiresh is the most distinctive of the Plains languages, however its grammar stays quite similar to other languages of this branch. Some scholars tend t ==Grammar==

** prefixed to verbs for the progressive aspect, like Aramaic ''qa'' ==Grammar==

==Grammar== Nouns are a highly used aspect of Jalaia, and are used as both nouns and adjectives. There are two grammat

...[[User:Praimhín]] for noticing my errors, to [[User:Chrysophylax]] for his grammar input, and to [[User:IlL]] for letting me join late'' <!-- and to Blust & R == Grammar notes ==

| Aspect = ...only in some religious books and rituals, and has many inflections in its grammar, thus it is said that the Nevotak language is developed from a pidginized a

| issue = is partially quoted from the book '''Descriptive Grammar of uREd''' by ''Serena Innocenti'', hosted [https://www.smashwords.com/book * Ex. ''Viv''~ [Aspect of life]

| Aspect = yes ==Grammar==

==Grammar== * Perfect aspect -- uses the word ''''reletʉ'''' before the main verb -- ''"have studied"''

| Aspect = yes ==Grammar==

'''Differences between the Matrix Model and Extended Case Grammar''' ...Range. It must be noted here that both the Matrix Model and Extended Case Grammar use semantic case rather than syntactic case. I know of no natural languag

...some Bantu languages. Conlanging has been my hobby for many years. Kaidu’s grammar is simple for English speakers; the hardest parts are the verbs and adjecti ==Grammar==

== Grammar == ...ction). Verbs are inflected for person and number, tense, voice, mood, and aspect. There are 6 person and number prefixes. There are 5 tenses, 8 voices, 14 m

==Grammar== <p>Older Kraliy grammar would be best classified as fusional, although earlier agglutinative compon

==Grammar== Kiitra grammar follows a basic subject-verb-object typology. Additionally, many words may

==Grammar== Brittainese grammar has evolved greatly from that of Latin, and is much more similar to that of

==Grammar and features== ...in Proto-Ash as well as modern Ish. In the latter it forms the continuous aspect whereas in Ash the reduplicated forms seem to simply have become separate w

== Some grammar notes == <aspect>-VERB-<tense>-<mood>-<evidentiality>-<subject>-<voice>-<object>-<other argu

== Grammar == ...[[Verb]]s and [[adjective]]s are interchangeable. There are no [[article (grammar)|articles]], and the object is marked by the ''-th'' or ''-eth'' [[suffix]]

...nguages, Kootayi is relatively divergent in phonology and lexicon, yet its grammar is very similar to other neighbouring languages. Unlike Kalyah and its anot | particles || Ind. Obj. || 1,2 Subj. sg. || Dir. Obj. sg. || Aspect || Modality || Root || DIR/INV || Mood || 3sg. Subj. || Obj. du./pl. || Sub

==Grammar== * '''Perfect aspect''' -- uses the word '''shiple''' after the main verb -- ''"have talked"'' o

...age|artlang]] that follows the design principle of "simple sounds, complex grammar". In principle, the language is heavily influenced by [[Toki Pona]], though Tũka puts the adjective after the noun, an aspect of the language borrowed from [[Toki Pona]].

...nguage when it comes to adding affixes to a word, that is, case, tense and aspect markers. Most words with more than two syllables place a secondary stress i Verbs use plenty of affixes to express person, number, tense, aspect and object. Depending on the position of the verb inside the phrase and als

.... Similarly to Indo-European languages, Czecklish conflates both tense and aspect. Therefore, it is not entirely appropriate to describe the inflections in C ...occurred in the past time. The Imperfect is conflation of the imperfective aspect and the preterite tense.

...Semitic style, and from the author's investigations into tense, mood, and aspect systems of world languages during his undergraduate career in linguistics. * '''α''' is a verb in the perfective aspect construction

...o be a "perfect" language; that is, a language with completely regularized grammar, syntax designed to make the meaning of the sentence as clear as possible, ...a copula must be at the end of a sentence. Verbs are conjugated for tense, aspect, mood, and voice, but not for person or number.

| Aspect = no ==Grammar==

...//dict-navi.com| access-date = 30 June 2020 }}</ref> and has published the grammar, thus making Naʼvi a relatively complete, learnable and serviceable langua ...i, where he regularly posts additions to the lexicon and clarifications on grammar. Naʼviteri has been the source of the vast majority of Naʼvi growth indep

| Aspect = No ==Basic grammar==

...ect", because the *θ is still distinct in most cases as a phoneme /ð/. The grammar and the examples used here are from Teimyois, but data on other dialects wi Verbs mark aspect, mood, subject and object and have two categories: '''independent''' (in a

...Nolan was commission to created phrases for the movies, but not an entire grammar or lexicon. This language represents an attempt to take all of his notes a ...s, magical ability to speak to snakes). He never learned any vocabulary or grammar, but was able to produce novel utterance, even with derived morphologies. H

...<ref>https://sites.google.com/site/uropivordar/uropi-gramatik/small-uropi-grammar-rn/1---en</ref> ==Grammar ==

| Aspect = Yes ...numbers and conjugations occur according to voice, mood, number, tense and aspect using various affixes.

==Grammar== ===Tense-aspect-mood===

=Grammar and Syntax= ===Aspect & Tense===

...h-Rttirrian [[w:evidentiality|evidential]] particles as a fused politeness-aspect system. ...than Rttirri. However, differences exist in pronunciation, vocabulary, and grammar.

| Aspect = Yes ==Grammar overview==

== Grammar == {{Main|Dhannuán grammar}}

====Tense and Aspect==== Tense and aspect are directly reliant on one another in Marêngil, which is why they are com

IE clone; I'm not gonna work too hard on making Thensarian grammar original, as the purpose of Thensarian is just to be a loan source for Renc * Ca- reduplicant for the progressive aspect

|Aspect = Yes The Qulmian language started, like many of my languages, as an experiment in grammar and writing. I put to use some rather unusual grammatical ideas that I had

==Grammar== ...to fixed stems of verbs, to denote person, number, tense, voice, mood, and aspect.

==Grammar== Tulvan verbs inflect for tense, aspect and voice, usually by a suffix or prefix that expresses all of them. Tenses

...last three usually being combined into a single category, called [[w:Tense–aspect–mood|TAM]]. In addition to finite verbs, non-finite forms such as [[w:Par |+[[w:Perfect (grammar)|Perfect]]

Its grammar is not directly derived from any one language, instead is a mix of grammati The affix positions are the following: <tt>tense-aspect.VERB.mood.negation</tt>

*to preserve old Germanic grammar ...aspects are simple, perfect, progressive, habitual, and inchoative. Simple aspect is used for:

...major revision due to a better understanding of Latin and Slavic sound and grammar changes. In the process, the author was assisted by the Polish linguist Grz == Grammar ==

...and number. In addition, they make use of certain auxiliary verbs to show aspect, and one of two moods: indicative and subjunctive. Verbs also have both a p ...ended that you make sure that the phonology, constraints, phonotactics and grammar are more or less finished before writing. -->

...ffixes, however different dialects use them to mark different things tense/aspect/evidentiality. The grammar is fairly typical for the region, secundative ditransitive alighment, postp

...ermined either by the phonology or the morphology. Verbs are inflected for aspect, time, valency, and mood. Some particles are inflected for number and case. ...es in '''Ahāmatya''', and indicates the '''object''' of an '''imperfective aspect verb''', and the '''object''' of some prepositions. The accusative<sub>1</s

...n was accepted by the few speakers of the language. De Jong simplified the grammar, eliminating some rarely used verb forms, and eliminated some gendered pron The author Alfred A. Post mentions in his ''Comprehensive Volapük Grammar'' some additional letters created by Schleyer:

==Grammar== ...se inflections used to support are now handled by verb conjugation of mood/aspect/etc.

...), and "gert" derives from ''goirid'' (short). A few aspects of Cân Gert's grammar are also inspired by it. ===Tense, aspect and mood===

...bgroup, called adjectival verbs, can act similarly to finite verbs in this aspect. ...orms can be quite complex, their structure takes up a major portion of its grammar. The make-up of the verbal stem itself is quite simple, the vital step is t

==Grammar== =====''Grammatical Aspect''=====

| Aspect = No ==Grammar==

The many examples from the original grammar book<ref name="intro"/> show that a message, like a meaningful phrase or a ...cal linguistics|theoretical linguistics]], [[w:cognitive grammar|cognitive grammar]], [[w:psycholinguistics|psycholinguistics]], [[w:language acquisition|lang

== Grammar == ...''ng'' ([[Present continuous|present progressive]]), ''lá'' ([[perfective aspect]]), and ''kà'' ([[Volitive modality|volitive]]). There are no articles. Ad

...ers understanding Yrkyr more than vice versa), it differ in vocabulary and grammar from the inland language. It shares some more lexical similarity with Yhkag ...rivational affixes are added. The stem itself is composed of a root and an aspect marker. Sometimes there is also a thematic suffix fused to the stem. The af

...country of Sukkistanas. The language has a limited vocabulary, however in grammar and etymologically it is closely related to [[Latirdo]], the relation can b ...is a very agglutinative language, attaching concepts such as case, tense, aspect, mood, person, number, diminutives, definiteness, and possession onto nouns

==Grammar== ...jugated at least according to number, person, tense (present and past) and aspect(perfective and imperfective, which can be found in all the modern descendan

...a single suffix), and can have other inflectional suffixes such as tense, aspect, modality, and various suffixes carrying adverbial functions. ====Aspect====

==Grammar== ...lists the affixes that each form takes to mark subject, object, and tense-aspect-mood.

...ing the early medieval period there were Turkic writings too. An important aspect of the language is differentiating between labialized and non-labialized co ==Grammar==

...the Carpathian phonology, such as pleophony and consonant gemination, and grammar (absence of the passive voice, polypersonal agreement of verbs) are associa ==Grammar==

...fective aspect, as in Romance, no perfect as in English, and no continuous aspect, as in English and some Romance languages. Except for ''esser'' 'to be', th ...ience' sake, this section often uses the term tense to also cover mood and aspect, though this is not strict grammatical terminology.

The grammar of Lingua Franca Nova is inspired by the Romance creole languages. As most ...ers various teaching supports (such as word lists for travellers, complete grammar guides) available in several languages, and hosts a wiki and the searchable

==Grammar== ====Aspect====

...'lingua franca'' of the Triband, a non-humanoid alien species. While TCL's grammar is within the bounds of human language (using patterns and synctactic struc ==Grammar==

== Grammar == | colspan="2" style="text-align:center" | Tense/Aspect

=GRAMMAR= ...a pronominal form lets the agent unspecified, which conveys a grammatical aspect of the ''gnomic'' and ''habitual'' types. E.g. if the actor is mentioned (b

...[[w:Grammatical genders|genders]], nearly no irregularity and a systematic grammar and an orthography with no digraphs, dipthongs or anything of the like, mak ...age date as far back as the year 334, with a much different vocabulary and grammar as that of the modern descandant, sub-dividing the Natalician language's hi

...al means, although there are several coverbs1 that serve to express verbal aspect, and some moods. Every word of rōŋo·ŋo Pāru — except grammar particles — can be any part of speech. This is why grammatical particles

Similarly, nouns / adjectives (they are not distinguished in the grammar) can become verbs meaning "to make X" by shifting the stress to the right e If a noun is possessed by a pronoun, possessive grammar is relatively simple. But if the possessor is another noun in the sentence,

== Grammar == Because the Almsaundean language is a greatly inflected language, grammar in its dialects can be very complex, most parts of speech declining to fit

...form. Aggluginative and fusional features appear in various areas of the grammar. ...our parts of speech, nouns and verbs exhibit the most complex parts of the grammar of the language.

...class'' of the verb, which indicates the vowel used in person-number-tense/aspect conjugation ([[#Thematic anaptyxis|&rarr;Thematic anaptyxis]]). Because the ...onjugate by apophony to express voice, and by suffixation to express tense-aspect. Verbs do not conjugate for mood, which is instead expressed through modal

*łiðúþ = grammar (Classical Wdm. 'instruction') * lloþol = finite (of a verb); lit. initial (this is because of Tigol grammar which required verb-initial syntax)

=Grammar= Verbal roots are marked for tense, aspect and subject (animacy, gender, number and person). Mood is marked through po

|Aspect = no ...avily of Irish Gaelic influence for spelling, phonetics and to some degree grammar, Cwengâr serves as a Bythronic equivalent, drawing heavily on Welsh and Br

...tige language, forming the superstrate. Most of Seggeynni's vocabulary and grammar come from Kämpya. On the other hand, Kämpya speakers intermarried extensi Many verbs have completely different meanings when their aspect changes from atelic to telic. For example:

==Grammar== ...y, the singular pronoun came to mark both antipassive voice and perfective aspect.

| Aspect = No ==Grammar==

|[[w:Object_(grammar)#Types|IO.Pl]]-entertain-[[w:Abstract and concrete|ABST]]-[[w:Transitive ve | begin ([[w:Inchoative aspect|inchoative]])

...n a priori, possibly non-terrestrial language whose phonology, morphology, grammar, and really whose entire weltanschauung is inextricably tied to sets of thr ====Aspect====

...end in a vowel, but a few feminine nouns were considered to have a neuter aspect (fish being among these) and so would end in ''n'' resulting in the need fo ...the subjunctive mood in the present was often used to demonstrate a future aspect. Furthermore, the subjunctive in the past would often be used for present i

...umlauted vowels &lt;ä ï ö ü ÿ&gt; for the purposes of this dictionary and grammar only) changes to a clear or a dark realization matching the harmony class o <h1>Grammar</h1>

...ity is that pagan connotations might be "true", but not the most important aspect of something. == Grammar ==

All the vocabulary (including grammar) comes, through sortition, from the sky, hence the name Daman (or taman) "f == Grammar / kiwon nije ==

...n event, a state, or a change in state. It is heavily conjugated to tense, aspect and mood. There exists two grammatical classes of verbs, namely t-class and ====Aspect====

...sentially dead. Harākti is more constructive and follows both phonetic and grammar rules a bit more precisely. The language area was shifted too. Thaṣṙiv� ==Grammar==

<span style="color:red;">'''Update update (27/8/2019): A brand new grammar sketch is currently in the works. Soon after that gets written, I plan for Like the lexicon and grammar, the Wistanian script has been redesigned multiple times - three, to be exa

...intonation to quite an extent in morphology, though it is rarely found in grammar(e.g. particles, noun declension suffixes, verb conjugations) and even less ...njugation, and thus require a pronoun preceding the verb to understand the aspect of the verb. Most weak verbs are verbs relating to everyday things, e.g. ''

...to French liaison and is called such by linguists studying Oscanez. In the grammar it is called ''Yajón'', a cognate of English and French "liaison". = Grammar =

...the Moran culture and language and was the first to do a research on Moran grammar. | <small>aspect</small>

* omo = similar; same in some aspect * GRAMMAR:

==Grammar== ...affected by the conjugation‎, and their meaning with respect to tense and aspect is a matter of debate.

==Grammar and Syntax== In Rinap, all verbs conjugate according to person, number, tense, aspect, mood and voice. Various affixes can be added and vowels change mostly acco

...tive in its phonology and lexicon, Shoundavish didn't preserve the complex grammar of Proto-Germanic, and the medieval case system has been reduced to scatter ...main dialectal groups are further divided into subdialects that differ in grammar, phonology, vocabulary and syntax, but are still mutually intelligible to a

...cal Gender|genders]], nine [[w:Gramatical Case|cases]], two [[w:Gramatical Aspect|aspects]], four [[w:Gramatical Mood|moods]], three [[w:Gramatical Person|pe ...Transitive verb|transitive verb]] (also occasually called the [[w:Subject (grammar)|subject]]), or the person or thing that does the action of the verb, such

...group of words after which silence seems good.” From this vantage point of grammar, the constituent elements in the sentence are words disposed to express sub ==Grammar==

...guage]]. However, it turned out that a simple grammar is not necessarily a grammar that is easy to learn: the more ways of simplification I found, the further ...ots tried to revive their old language, which failed spectacularly for the grammar but reintroduced many Lemizh words of the core vocabulary.

...taking notes for [[wikipedia:Andrew Sihler|Andrew Sihler]]'s "Comparative Grammar: Indo-European Phonology," in fall of 1997. It was first committed to compu * The tense/aspect system is a bit confused.

=====Tense/Aspect===== ...ended that you make sure that the phonology, constraints, phonotactics and grammar are more or less finished before writing. -->

|Aspect = no ...ish while falling back on my stronger knowledge of English and French. The grammar was largely completed before I had much experience with linguistic theory o

...ok''" - the direct object may be left unmentioned, granted that the gnomic aspect is used. This implies the cooking of something, instead of directly mention ...ion of this number into the language was meant to tie in with the genereic aspect of the verbs. In [[w:English language|English]], nouns of this kind most of

=Grammar= ...with a touch of Oligosynthetic. Lots of particles and adpositions used for aspect, mood, mode, and cases but verbs conjugate for tense (mostly) and nouns dec

* No case, Welsh grammar There is no aspect distinction.

Avalonian grammar and morphology are strongly modelled on those of the Inuit and Yupik langua ...ocesses or states of being. Verbs are inflected for A, S, and O arguments, aspect and mood.

...an is a priori language, meaning that it is not connected in vocabulary or grammar to any living language. This does not mean, however, that there have not be ...t speakers voice b, d, g and do not aspirate p, t, k. For this reason, the grammar sometimes displays Northern pronunciations and sometimes South. There is no

TODO: change some of the verbs to use aspect affixes *răchim = (biology) male; (grammar) masculine

...nd inanimates at the bottom governs certain parts of the grammar. The main aspect of this hierarchy is that inanimate referents cannot act as agents which af An important part of Ash grammar is an extensive set of so called locative verbs which are used almost like

'''Aspect''' ==Grammar==

...y appears in negative and imperative sentences. Neutral tense has a gnotic aspect, using this tense normally refers to a absence of time. ...ended that you make sure that the phonology, constraints, phonotactics and grammar are more or less finished before writing. -->

...[[artistic language|artlang]] strongly inspired by Estonian phonology. The grammar is a mash up between agglutinative trends, weird case retention, a half-bro ...the many options available for interpretation is one of the more confusing aspect of Valian to the beginner.

The participles themselves only conjugated for aspect: ...ended that you make sure that the phonology, constraints, phonotactics and grammar are more or less finished before writing. -->

==Grammar== ! Aspect

...] and [[Talmic languages]], as well as Hebrew and Irish, Classical Netagin grammar is meant to have some alien features even to speakers of these languages. H ...from a consonantal root; encodes variables such as transitivity, volition, aspect and manner of action.

...ed for grammatical purposes (mainly number, genitive case and imperfective aspect). In the native script the following are marked on the vowel. *''soi'' (on) to emphasize the surface aspect

...d regardless of their position in the the syllable/word. The agglutinating aspect of the language was largely influence by both Hungarian and Finnish. The or ...ation; however, there are slight fusional changes that occur when denoting aspect.

...avidson didn't have a full grasp on what he was doing when he created this aspect of Common.[https://www.designerlanguages.com/article/common/114/] It does n ...mon. Low Common has huge geographic variation in phonology, vocabulary and grammar, and typically strong substratum language influences.

#Aspect ...ker ''ta='' cliticizing to the coverb ''yam'' (accompany) in the Imperfect aspect, followed by the main verb ''yayak'' (go up a mountain) with the Hearsay Ev

Verbs do not inflect for agreement, tense or aspect, however there is an elaborate system of particles that indicate mood / evi The lack of marking for number and tense / aspect is common in Antarctican languages from areas where a large portion of the

=Grammar= Verbs are marked for person, number, tense, aspect, mood and voice. The marking of the verbs happens according to the followin

*having primarily imperfect/perfect [[#Aspect|aspect]] instead of [[#Tense|tense]], as reflected in the vowel structure of the a ...did, wanting to steal liberally from both Uralic and Slavic semantics and grammar without having to justify himself to anyone. The community is surrounded by

=Basic Grammar= Cha has a very simple and regular grammar.

...able for its mixed-logographic and featural orthography, its agglutinative grammar, and its organic mixture of native and Sinitic vocabulary. =Grammar=

=Basic Grammar= Da has a very simple and regular grammar.

...h are not strictly perfective are not imperfective, but do not distinguish aspect at all - in fact, they can (and, as for the past, very frequently) have per ...e intentional is a perfective future while the simple future does not mark aspect by itself.

==Basic Grammar== Verbs are conjugated according to person, number, tense, aspect, mood which are indicated by suffixes, prefixes and reduplication.

==Grammar== ...re is a continuous particle that indicates that the verb has a continuous "aspect". The particle "aklá" is placed before the verb, for example:

...g and interpretive traditions, and some scholars believe that Modern Naeng grammar doesn't directly continue that of Classical Naeng. An even more unorthodox ==== Aspect? ====

; Aspect : begin, finish, intend to do, habitually do === Grammar ===

...and Third kind. The vowel table tells which vowel is used while the Voice-Aspect-Tense, VAT, table tells which set to use on which VAT combination along wit ...ixis}}, anaphora or pro-forms, are numerous and quite sensitive to alot of grammar and pragmatic situations.

...d with certain Western European languages. This readability and simplified grammar along with the regular appearance of the magazine Cosmoglotta made Occident ...ting it right from the other end. I do not begin with the alphabet and the grammar and then have to adopt the vocabulary to it, but just the other way around:

...Welsh poetry that is capable of yielding clues about Cumbric's phonology, grammar and lexis. By comparing this to the related Medieval languages of Welsh, Br ...cation of the first ''Geryadour'' (Dictionary) and the first comprehensive grammar, both in 2015. It also has an online presence with its own [http://www.cumb

...lly animate or inanimate, something that has a notable effect on the whole grammar – inanimate nouns do not exist in the ergative case. There are participles and gerundives (distinguishing aspect only) and an analytic antipassive voice, formed with the gerundive plus the

...l and archaic. Meanwhile, personal pronouns are the only aspect of Dogrish grammar where across the five standard varieties the vocative is still commonly use

...tive manner - even if there are fusional elements for what concerns tense, aspect, and subject agreement. ...rent combinations of stems and endings are used to form a variety of tense-aspect combinations.<br/>A few irregular verbs have suppletive stems, and a smalle

Proto-Mǎng Tì itself had a notable influence on the grammar of Laceyiam: the origin of the exterior and interior verb forms. This featu Laceyiam grammar is heavily inflected, with many different inflecting categories for nouns,

The issue of stress, as in most areas of Vadi phonology and grammar, is another area of contentious dispute between the Traditionalist and Šib ...mutations exist in the language, but they played a prominent role in Vadi grammar.

...attestation, the great influence of these languages on the vocabulary and grammar of Modern Luthic is widely acknowledged. Most specialists in [[w:Language c ...this, the legacy of Rome, both social-cultural and genetic pervaded every aspect of Mediaeval society – this was of course greatly assisted by the mediaev

...ubjects such as law, war, and politics tend to be of Latin derivation. The grammar preserves to an extent ancient Semitic verb paradigms, and has changed alon ...dant of the Biblical prefixing conjugation, which previously conveyed only aspect.

...fic: some languages display nominative-accusative alignment based on tense-aspect features, others in the semantics of the NP (particularly along animacy lin <li>Compared to nominal and verbal roots, inflectional morphemes (e.g. theme, aspect, tense, person, etc) are resistant to syncope because this may lead to the

...h to Efenol) and synchronically (within the modern language as part of its grammar). For the most part, the same changes are involved in both cases (dia- and ...an an approximant [β̞] as it's typically the case in Spanish. Under Efenol grammar, this /b/ may undergo lenition or rhotic mutation to become ⟨bh⟩ /v/ or

! Aspect ! scope="row" rowspan="8" | [[w:Perfect (grammar)|Perfect]]

...a lot of word roots from other, otherwise unattested languages: while the grammar of Chlouvānem is unmistakeably Lahob, a lot of its vocabulary isn't, and a ...he Chlouvānem is mostly limited to their language, with nearly every other aspect of their culture, and most of their genetic stock, being markedly different