The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Umbrean pronunciations. English approximations are loose in some cases and are only intended to give a general idea of the pronunciation.
| IPA |
Examples |
nearest English equivalent
|
| Consonants
|
| b
|
|
big
|
| bw
|
|
|
| p
|
|
spiral
|
| pʲ
|
|
|
| t
|
|
Time
|
| tʲ
|
|
|
| tw
|
|
|
| d
|
|
day
|
| dʲ
|
|
|
| dw
|
|
|
| k
|
|
cake
|
| kʲ
|
|
|
| kw
|
|
Aqua (Latin)
|
| g
|
|
grip
|
| gʲ
|
|
|
| gw
|
|
Leguana
|
| f
|
|
fish
|
| fʲ
|
|
|
| v
|
|
vacant
|
| vʲ
|
|
|
| s
|
|
sip
|
| sʲ
|
|
|
| sw
|
|
|
| z
|
|
zoo
|
| zʲ
|
|
|
| t͡s
|
|
cats
|
| t͡sʲ
|
|
|
| t͡sw
|
|
|
| d͡z
|
|
heads
|
| d͡zw
|
|
|
| k͡x
|
|
|
| k͡xw
|
|
|
| ʃ
|
|
ship
|
| ʃw
|
|
|
| ʒ
|
|
measure
|
| x
|
|
loch, själv (Swedish)
|
| xʲ
|
|
|
| xw
|
|
|
| g
|
|
him
|
| m
|
|
|
| mʲ
|
|
|
| n
|
|
|
| nw
|
|
|
| ŋ
|
|
Sing
|
| ŋʲ
|
|
|
| ŋw
|
|
|
| l
|
|
Lever
|
| lʲ
|
|
|
| lw
|
|
Louis (French)
|
|
| IPA |
Examples |
nearest English equivalent
|
| Vowels
|
| a
|
únyámàt
|
stack, carro (Portuguese)
|
| e̞
|
tèt
|
bed, bebé (Spanish)
|
| ə̥
|
nyhë
|
potatoe, lentement (French)
|
| i
|
ghìté
|
key (but shorter), fini (French)
|
| o̞
|
márònh
|
coat, todo (Spanish)
|
| u
|
gbìchú
|
you (but shorter), ou (French)
|
| Tones
|
| ◌́
|
hád
|
High tone
|
| ◌̀
|
kèpár
|
Low tone
|
| Stress
|
| ˈ
|
Primary stress
|
| ˌ
|
Secondary stress
|
|
|