Introduction
Phonology
Consonants
|
Dental
|
Alveolar
|
Palatal
|
Velar
|
Plosive
|
Fortis
|
p
|
t
|
|
k
|
Lenis
|
b
|
d
|
|
g
|
Nasal
|
|
n
|
|
|
Fricative
|
ɸ
|
s
|
|
x
|
Approximant
|
|
|
j
|
w
|
Lateral Approximant
|
|
l
|
|
|
Tap or Flap
|
|
ɾ
|
|
|
Vowels
|
Front
|
Back
|
Close
|
i
|
u
|
Mid
|
e
|
o
|
Open
|
a
|
ɒ
|
Phonotactics
Syllable structure
C1 (C2) (C3) V (C4) (C5)
Onset
- Any consonant
- Any plosive + /ɾ/
- Any fricative + /l/
- Any consonant except approximants + /j/
- Any plosive + /r/ + /j/
- Any fricative + /l/ + /j/
Nucleus
Coda
- /n ɾ/ except before themselves
- /l/ except before itself or /ɾ/
Allophonic changes
Stress
Stress falls in the first syllable unless the word has a non initial closed syllable (a syllable with coda) in which case it falls on the second syllable
Orthography
Writing system
Romanization
Transcription
|
Dental
|
Alveolar
|
Palatal
|
Velar
|
Plosive
|
Fortis
|
p
|
t
|
|
k
|
Lenis
|
b
|
d
|
|
g
|
Nasal
|
|
n
|
|
|
Fricative
|
f
|
s
|
|
h
|
Approximant
|
|
|
j
|
w
|
Lateral Approximant
|
|
l
|
|
|
Tap or Flap
|
|
r
|
|
|
|
Front
|
Back
|
Close
|
i
|
u
|
Mid
|
e
|
o
|
Open
|
a
|
ä
|
Transliteration
Nouns
Noun structure
Noun phrase
Number
Cases
Types of nouns
Proper
Common
Noun derivation
Diminutives
Augmentatives
Compounding
Denominalization
Adpositions
Adpositional phrase
Determiners
Articles
Demonstratives
Quantifiers
Numerals
Verbs
Verb structure
Verb phrase
Tense
Aspect
Mood
Direction
Causativity
Types of verbs
Lexical verbs
Auxiliary verbs
Verb derivation
Nominalization
Compounding
Adverbs
Manner
Time
Direction/location
Evidential/epistemic
Adjectives
Synatx
Basic sentences
Main clause
Argument dropping
Topicalization
Interrogative
Imperative
Hortative
Reflexive
Reciprocal
Comparative
Causative
Applicative
Advanced sentences
Serial verbs
Relative clause
Adverbial clause
Conditional clause
Complement clauses