Zanahi/Swadesh list

No.	English	Zanahi	Proto-Zanahic	Etymology of Zanahi form (if not directly from the Proto-Zanahic)
1	I	’ammā	*ʔéṣ	*ʔán- "that (over there)" + lengthened variant of *mé "me" (perhaps the ablative *méṭ).
2	you (singular)	’antā (m.); ’antī (f.)	*túʔ	Masculine form from *ʔán- "that (over there)" + lengthened variant of *twé "thee" (perhaps the ablative *twéṭ). The feminine was then formed by analogy with the third person pronoun (supported by the Semitic counterparts).
3	he	hattā (m.); hattī (f.)	*hóh; *tóh	From a combined pronoun *hohtóh in which both parts would have originally been declined.
4	we	’annā	*wéyeh	*ʔán- "that (over there)" + *nōh "us (clitic)" or *noʔ "us two (clitic)".
5	you (plural)	’antān (m.); ’antīn (f.)	*yū́h	From the singular by analogy.
6	they	hattān (m.); hattīn (f.)	*hóy, *híʔah, *háʔ; *tóy, *tíʔah, *táʔ	See the third person singular.
7	this	sā (m.); sī (f.)	*sóh, *síʔ, *sóṭ
8	that	tā (m.); tī (f.)	*tóh, *tíʔ, *tóṭ; *hóh, *híʔ, *hóṭ; *ʔánoh, *ʔániʔ, *ʔánoṭ	*tóh
9	here	sam	*séhmi
10	there	tam	*téhmi; *héhmi
11	who	kī	*kóh, *kíʔ	From the feminine (since the masculine would give an identical form to the neuter).
12	what	kā	*kóh, *kíʔ, *kóṭ	From the neuter.
13	where	kam	*kéhmi
14	when	kaṭā	*kóṭe	Zanahi: From an extended form, perhaps with an instrumental suffix (*-ʔ) or ablative suffix (*-ṭ).
15	how	kayf	*kéy	Zanahi: From *kéypo, a compound of *kéy "how, by what" + postpositional *po "from, due to"
16	not	lā; mā	*nē̆, *meʔ	lā: a modification of earlier *nā due to Semitic influence.
17	all	ḥalw	*holwóh, -áʔ, -óm
18	many	palō	*pélʔuh (oblique stem: *pl̥ʔéw-)
19	some	kiyān
20	few	pawr	*páʔuroh (oblique stem: *pəwr-)
21	other	’antar	*ʔályoh; *ánteroh (of two)
22	one	‘ayn, ‘aynā	*ʔóynoh
23	two	ṭuwā	*ṭwóʔ, *ṭwáʔʔe, *ṭwóʔ
24	three	tirayā, tirē	*tréyeh, *triʔ (oblique stem: *tri-)	From the nominative stem, with an anological -ā and Semitic-influenced reverse polarity.
25	four	kaṯurā, kaṯur	*ketwóreh, *ketwṓr (oblique stem: *ketur-)
26	five	pankā, pank	*pénke
27	big	maṣā	*méṣəh (oblique stem: *m̥ṣʔ-)
28	long	ṭalg	*ṭl̥ʔgóh
29	wide	piltō	*plétuh (oblique stem: *pl̥téw-)
30	thick	binzō	*bénzuh (oblique stem: *bn̥zéw-)
31	heavy	qarō	*ḳráʔus (oblique stem: *ḳr̥ʔéw-)
32	small	šuṭr
33	short
34	narrow	’anzō
35	thin	tanō
36	woman	qān
37	man (adult male)	wīr	*wíʔroh
38	man (human being)	mirt	*mr̥tóh
39	child	ṣant
40	wife	ba‘lā; ḅaṭayā; zawǧā; qān
41	husband	ba‘l; ḅaṭē; zawǧ; wīr
42	mother	māṯar; ammā
43	father	pāṯar; att
44	animal	pas
45	fish	zūḵ
46	bird	’awīḵ
47	dog	sun; kalb
48	louse
49	snake
50	worm	kirm
51	tree	ṭarō
52	forest
53	stick
54	fruit	karp
55	seed	hāmin
56	leaf	ḅarn
57	root
58	bark
59	flower
60	grass
61	rope
62	skin
63	meat	mam
64	blood	dam
65	bone	‘aṭm
66	fat (noun)
67	egg	‘ayy
68	horn	qarn
69	tail
70	feather
71	hair
72	head
73	ear
74	eye	‘aq
75	nose	‘awš
76	mouth
77	tooth
78	tongue	ṭaṣwā
79	fingernail
80	foot	paṭ
81	leg	sāq
82	knee	ṣanō
83	hand	ṭawš; bāzō
84	wing	paṯr
85	belly
86	guts
87	neck
88	back
89	breast
90	heart	sirṭ; libb
91	liver	yaḵar
92	to drink	paḅ-, -piḅ- (root: p-ḅ)
93	to eat	’aṭ-, -’aṭ- (root: ’-ṭ)
94	to bite	ṭanas-, -ṭnis- (root: ṭ-n-s)
95	to suck	day-, -dē- (root: d-y)
96	to spit	rōq-, -rūq- (roor: r-w-q)
97	to vomit	wam-, -wm- (root: w-m)
98	to blow	wā-, -wā- (root: w-A); nafaḫ-, -nfuḫ- (root: n-f-ḫ)
99	to breathe	’an-, -’an- (root: ’-n)
100	to laugh	may-, -mī- (root: m-y)
101	to see	ṭaras-, -ṭris- (root: ṭ-r-s)
102	to hear	salaw-, -slō- (root: s-l-w)
103	to know	wēṭ-, -wīṭ- (root: w-y-ṭ)
104	to think	man-, -min- (root: m-n)
105	to smell	garā-, -grā- (root: g-r-A)
106	to fear	bay-, -bī- (root: b-y)
107	to sleep	hōf-, -hūf- (root: h-w-f)
108	to live	qay-, -qī- (root: q-y)
109	to die	mar-, -mir- (root: m-r)
110	to kill	nasay-, -nsē- (root: n-s-y); qatal-, -qtul- (root: q-t-l)
111	to fight	ganāgan-, -ganāgin-; qātal-, -qātil-
112	to hunt	way-, -wē- (root: w-y)
113	to hit	gan-, -gin- (root: g-n)
114	to cut	kēṭ-, -kīṭ- (root: k-y-ṭ)
115	to split	bēṭ-, -bīṭ- (root: b-y-ṭ)
116	to stab
117	to scratch
118	to dig
119	to swim
120	to fly
121	to walk	qam-, -qum- (root: q-m)
122	to come
123	to lie
124	to sit	haṭ-, -hiṭ- (root: h-ṭ)
125	to stand	tā-, -tā- (root: t-A)
126	to turn
127	to fall
128	to give	ṭā-, -ṭā- (stem: ṭ-A)
129	to hold
130	to squeeze
131	to rub
132	to wash
133	to wipe
134	to pull
135	to push
136	to throw
137	to tie
138	to sew
139	to count
140	to say	waḵ-, -wḵ- (root: w-ḵ)
141	to sing
142	to play
143	to float
144	to flow
145	to freeze
146	to swell
147	sun	ḥāwil
148	moon	mān
149	star	tār
150	water	wār
151	rain	warš
152	river	naṭīḵ
153	lake	waṭr
154	sea	‘āḅ
155	salt	hāl
156	stone	’asman
157	sand
158	dust
159	earth	zam
160	cloud	navah; ’inbar
161	fog	mayḡ
162	sky
163	wind
164	snow	nayḡ
165	ice	nayḡ
166	smoke	dūm
167	fire	pāwir
168	ash
169	burn
170	road
171	mountain
172	red	rawḏ
173	green
174	yellow
175	white	’alb
176	black
177	night	naḵṭ
178	day	ṭayn
179	year	yār
180	warm
181	cold	zim
182	full	pall
183	new	nō
184	old
185	good	ḥant
186	bad	ṭušk
187	rotten
188	dirty
189	straight	raṣṭ
190	round
191	sharp
192	dull
193	smooth
194	wet	waq
195	dry	ḥawš
196	correct	’irṣō
197	near
198	far
199	right	ṭaššin; yamīn
200	left	hayy; šimāl
201	at
202	in	’an
203	with	maḏ; sa-
204	and	wa-
205	if	yaṯ
206	because
207	name	namn