Salivian

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Salivian
ܣܵܠܡܵܣ (Salhas)
Pronunciation[säl.läs]
Created bywfosøra, MrEvil
ConWorkShopsalv
This article contains IPA phonetic symbols. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA.

Phonology

Orthography

IPA b ʈ ʈʰ ɖ ɖʰ k s ʂ ʐ ç x l ɬ j ʍ w ɾ
Script ܦ ܦ݂ ܩ ܩ݂ ܩ݀ ܩ݂݀ ܟ ܣ ܫ ܓ ܥ ܚ ܠ ܨ ܝ ܒ݂ ܒ ܪ
Off. roman. b t d k s š z, ž c x l ł j w r
Roman. p b ht hd t d k s 5 z c x l 9 j hw w r
IPA y ɨ u ɛ ɜ o ä
Script ܛܴ ܛܳ ܛܼ ܛܹ ܛܲ ܛܿ ܛܵ
Off. roman. y i u e ɜ o a
Roman. y i u e 3 o a

There are two romanizations, "off. Roman." is the Official romanization, the second romanization is the one most often used as it's ASCII compliant, the ASCII compliant one will be used here.

The letter "ܛ" is soundless, it only appears at an initial position to hold vowels, for example "ܛܵܠܵܫ" (alaš; not an actual word as of now)

The letters "ܡ" and "ܢ" are used to mark length, the former for consonants, the latter for vowels

Consonants

Bilabial Alveolar Retroflex Palatal Labio-
Velar
Velar
Stop p, pʰ b, bʰ ʈ, ʈʰ ɖ, ɖʰ k
Fricative s, ɬ ʂ ʐ ç x
Approximant l j ʍ w
Flap ɾ

Vowels

Front Central Back
Close y ɨ u
Mid ɛ ɜ
Open ä

Prosody

Stress

Intonation

Phonotactics

Morphophonology

Morphology

Nouns

Vowel stems
Nominative Accusative Genitive Ablative Dative
Singular ܒܿܠ
hwol
ܥܵܝܵ
caja
ܫܲܨܵ
539a
ܦܲܣ
b3s
Dual ܩܵܟ
htak
ܫܳܣ
5is
ܫܼܪ
5ur
ܣܿܥܲ
soc3
ܥܵܫ
xa5
Plural ܚܿܩ݂݀
xod
ܓܹܣ
zes
ܓܵܚ
zax
ܒ݂ܵܠ
wal
ܒܼܝܿ
hwujo
Great Plural ܣܹܨ
se9
ܥܿܚ
cox
ܩܵܪ
htar
ܒ݂ܿܣ
wos
ܩܼ݀ܣ
tus
Consonant stems
Nominative Accusative Genitive Ablative Dative
Singular ܛܿܠ
ol
ܛܵܝܵܵ
aja
ܛܲܨܵ
39a
ܛܲܣ
3s
Dual ܛܵܟ
ak
ܛܳܣ
is
ܛܼܪ
ur
ܛܿܥܲ
oc3
ܛܵܫ
a5
Plural ܛܿܩ݂݀
od
ܛܹܣ
es
ܛܵܚ
ax
ܛܵܠ
al
ܛܼܝܿ
ujo
Great Plural ܛܹܨ
e9
ܛܿܚ
ox
ܛܵܪ
ar
ܛܿܣ
os
ܛܼܣ
us

Verbs

An /ɜ/ may be inserted between /ɬ/ and /ʐ/ when the two consonants occur next to each other.

The verbal affix order is voice-participle-pronoun--negative-perfect-tense-mood

To form the participle, take the first person singular form and add the participle affix in the appopriate location

Adjectives and Determiners

Adverbs

Numbers

Syntax

Constituent order

Noun phrase

Verb phrase

Sentence phrase

Dependent clauses

Example texts

Other resources