Kola: Difference between revisions

328 bytes added ,  30 January 2018
Line 688: Line 688:
**/ħ/ > /χ/ (actually a merger of earlier /χ/ & /x/)
**/ħ/ > /χ/ (actually a merger of earlier /χ/ & /x/)
**/ħ/, /χ/ > /h/
**/ħ/, /χ/ > /h/
**/ħ/, /χ/ > /f/ (due to alternative pathway of spirantization)
**/ʕ/, /ʁ/ > Ø
**/ʕ/, /ʁ/ > Ø
**/ʕ/ > /ʁ/ (actually a merger of earlier /ɣ/ & /ʁ/)
**/ʕ/ > /ʁ/ (actually a merger of earlier /ɣ/ & /ʁ/)
Line 693: Line 694:
**/ʕ/, /ʁ/ > /ʔ/
**/ʕ/, /ʁ/ > /ʔ/
**/ʕ/, /ʁ/ > /ɦ/
**/ʕ/, /ʁ/ > /ɦ/
**/ʕ/, /ʁ/ > /v/ (due to alternative pathway of spirantization)
**/ħ/, /χ/, /ʕ/, /ʁ/ > Ø
**/ħ/, /χ/, /ʕ/, /ʁ/ > Ø
**Gutturals replaced by labiovelar or sibilant fricatives. In these dialects, gutturals never developed in the first place (spirantized velars became labiovelar or sibilant fricatives).
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*Alternative pathways of spirantization. For example:
**Velar and/or labial stops become sibilants before *i (instead of postalveolar/labiodental fricatives).
**Velar and/or labial stops become sibilants before *u (instead of guttural/labiodental fricatives).
**Alveolar and/or velar stops become labiodental fricatives before *u (instead of sibilant/guttural fricatives).
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==Morphology==
==Morphology==
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