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Kola: Difference between revisions
→Grand master plan
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c, ɟ > t͡ʃ, d͡ʒ / _e(:), _i(:)--> | c, ɟ > t͡ʃ, d͡ʒ / _e(:), _i(:)--> | ||
Dahl's Law: (N)C<sub>U</sub>VC<sub>U</sub> > (N)C<sub>V</sub>VC<sub>U</sub> (where C<sub>U</sub> = unvoiced consonant, C<sub>V</sub> = voiced consonant) | Dahl's Law: (N)C<sub>U</sub>VC<sub>U</sub> > (N)C<sub>V</sub>VC<sub>U</sub> / in roots (where C<sub>U</sub> = unvoiced consonant, C<sub>V</sub> = voiced consonant) | ||
[-voiced +prenasalized +stop/affricate] > [-prenasalized +aspirated] (i.e. mp, nt, etc > pʰ, tʰ, etc for all voiceless stops and affricates) | [-voiced +prenasalized +stop/affricate] > [-prenasalized +aspirated] (i.e. mp, nt, etc > pʰ, tʰ, etc for all voiceless stops and affricates) | ||
[-voiced -aspirated +stop/affricate] > [+voiced] / in grammatical | [-voiced -aspirated +stop/affricate] > [+voiced] / in grammatical affixes | ||
[-voiced -aspirated +stop/affricate] > [+ejective] / otherwise | [-voiced -aspirated +stop/affricate] > [+ejective] / otherwise | ||
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ə > a / after non-labialized guttural consonant<!--, before guttural consonant that is followed by a (including from ä) or ï/Ø--> | ə > a / after non-labialized guttural consonant<!--, before guttural consonant that is followed by a (including from ä) or ï/Ø--> | ||
Kola used to have a pitch accent system with two distinctive tones: high/rising (indicated with an acute accent) and low/falling (indicated with a grave accent). This distinction has been lost in most modern varieties. The general development of tone | Kola used to have a pitch accent system with two distinctive tones: high/rising (indicated with an acute accent) and low/falling (indicated with a grave accent). This distinction has been lost in most modern varieties. The general development of tone was as follows (after taking tone shifts due to vowel reduction into account): | ||
*á, áá, àá > á | *á, áá, àá > á | ||
*à, àà, áà > à | *à, àà, áà > à | ||
*ultimate or penultimate syllable of root accented; other tones dropped | *ultimate or penultimate syllable of root accented; other tones dropped | ||
*distinction between tones lost | |||
====Dialectal features==== | ====Dialectal features==== | ||