Chlouvānem/Morphology: Difference between revisions

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Revision as of 10:23, 31 March 2018

976 bytes added , 31 March 2018

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→‎S-nouns - Sasą lā halenī

Lili21

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 ===S-nouns - Sasą lā halenī===
 There are some traits which are common to all nominal declensions: the vocative is only distinct in the singular; in the dual there is also no distinction between translative and dative, essive and locative, and between exessive, ablative, and instrumental.
+{{col-begin}}
-{| class="wikitable"
+{{col-break}}
+{| class="redtable lightredbg" align="center" style="text-align: center;" |
+|+1-s (-as, -ās, -o)
 |-
-! rowspan=2 | Case !! colspan=3 | 1-s nouns !! rowspan=14 | !! colspan=3 | 2-s nouns !! rowspan=14 | !! colspan=3 | 3-s nouns !! rowspan=14 | !! colspan=3 | 4-s nouns
+! Case !! Singular !! Dual !! Plural
 |-
-! Singular !! Dual !! Plural !! Singular !! Dual !! Plural !! Singular !! Dual !! Plural !! Singular !! Dual !! Plural
+! Direct
+| '''prātas'''<br/><small>''"wind"''</small> || rowspan=2 | prātāt || rowspan=2 | prāte
+|-
+! Vocative
+| prātau
+|-
+! Accusative
+| prātu || prātāṣa || prataih
+|-
+! Ergative
+| prātei || prātāya || prātān
+|-
+! Genitive
+| prāti || prāteva || prātumi
+|-
+! Translative
+| prātan || prātaus || prātyoh
+|-
+! Exessive
+| prātat || prātābhan || prātāmān
+|-
+! Essive
+| prātą || prātigin || prātēm
+|-
+! Dative
+| prātom || prātaus || prātasām
+|-
+! Ablative
+| prātų || prātābhan || prātenīs
+|-
+! Locative
+| prāte || prātigin || prātilīm
+|-
+! Instrumental
+| prātap || prātābhan || prātenīka
+|}
+{{col-break}}
+{| class="redtable lightredbg" align="center" style="text-align: center;" |
+|+2-s (-us, -ūs)
+|-
+! Case !! Singular !! Dual !! Plural
+|-
+! Direct
+| '''kældus'''<br/><small>''"wax"''</small> || rowspan=2 | kældūt || rowspan=2 | kældaus
+|-
+! Vocative
+| kældu
+|-
+! Accusative
+| kældavu || kældūṣa || kældavih
+|-
+! Ergative
+| kældave || kældūya || kældūn
+|-
+! Genitive
+| kældavi || kældagva || kældǣmi
+|-
+! Translative
+| kældun || kældugus || kælduyoh
+|-
+! Exessive
+| kældut || kældobhan || kældomān
+|-
+! Essive
+| kældą || kældugin || kældavēm
+|-
+! Dative
+| kældavom || kældugus || kældusām
+|-
+! Ablative
+| kældų || kældobhan || kældunīs
+|-
+! Locative
+| kældave || kældugin || kældulīm
+|-
+! Instrumental
+| kældup || kældobhan || kældunīka
+|}
+{{col-break}}
+{| class="redtable lightredbg" align="center" style="text-align: center;" |
+|+3-s (-is, -īs)
+|-
+! Case !! Singular !! Dual !! Plural
+|-
+! Direct
+| '''ḍhogis'''<br/><small>''"monument"''</small> || rowspan=2 | ḍhogīt || rowspan=2 | ḍhogais
+|-
+! Vocative
+| ḍhogi
+|-
+! Accusative
+| ḍhogayu || ḍhogīṣa || ḍhogaih
+|-
+! Ergative
+| ḍhogaye || ḍhogīya || ḍhogīn
+|-
+! Genitive
+| ḍhogayi || ḍhogajña || ḍhogyumi<sup>1</sup>
+|-
+! Translative
+| ḍhogin || ḍhogigus || ḍhogyoh
+|-
+! Exessive
+| ḍhogit || ḍhogebhan || ḍhogemān
+|-
+! Essive
+| ḍhogę || ḍhogigin || ḍhogayēm
+|-
+! Dative
+| ḍhogayom || ḍhogigus || ḍhogisām
+|-
+! Ablative
+| ḍhogyų || ḍhogebhan || ḍhogenīs
+|-
+! Locative
+| ḍhogaye || ḍhogigin || ḍhogilīm
+|-
+! Instrumental
+| ḍhogip || ḍhogebhan || ḍhoginīka
+|}
+{{col-break}}
+{| class="redtable lightredbg" align="center" style="text-align: center;" |
+|+4-s (-oe)
+|-
+! Case !! Singular !! Dual !! Plural
 |-
 ! Direct
-| '''prātas''' <small>''"wind"''</small> || rowspan=2 | prātāt || rowspan=2 | prāte || '''kældus''' <small>''"wax"''</small> || rowspan=2 | kældūt || rowspan=2 | kældaus || '''kumis''' <small>''"bamboo"''</small> || rowspan=2 | kumīt || rowspan=2 | kumais || rowspan=2 | '''haloe''' <small>''"name"''</small> || rowspan=2 | halenāt || rowspan=2 | halenī
+| rowspan=2 | '''haloe'''<br/><small>''"name"''</small> || rowspan=2 | halenāt || rowspan=2 | halenī
 |-
 ! Vocative
-| prātau || kældu || kumi
 |-
 ! Accusative
-| prātu || prātāṣa || prātaih || kældavu || kældūṣa || kældavih || kumayu || kumīṣa || kumaih || halenu || halenāṣa || halenaih
+| halenu || halenāṣa || halenaih
 |-
 ! Ergative
-| prātei || prātāya || prātān || kældave || kældūya || kældūn || kumaye || kumīya || kumīn || halenei || halenāya || halenān
+| halenei || halenāya || halenān
 |-
 ! Genitive
-| prāti || prāteva || prātumi || kældavi || kældagva || kældǣmi || kumayi || kumajña || kumiumi || halenies || halemva || haloemi
+| halenies || halemva || haloemi
 |-
 ! Translative
-| prātan || prātaus || prātyoh || kældun || kældugus || kælduyoh || kumin || kumigus || kumyoh || halenan || halenaus || halenyoh
+| halenan || halenaus || halenyoh
 |-
 ! Exessive
-| prātat || prātābhan || prātāmān || kældut || kældobhan || kældomān || kumit || kumebhan || kumemān || halenat || haloebhan || haloemān
+| halenat || haloebhan || haloemān
 |-
 ! Essive
-| prātą || prātigin || prātēm || kældą || kældugin || kældavēm || kumę || kumigin || kumayēm || halen || haloegin || haloem
+| halen || haloegin || haloem
 |-
 ! Dative
-| prātom || prātaus || prātasām || kældavom || kældugus || kældusām || kumayom || kumigus || kumisām || halenom || halenaus || haloesām
+| halenom || halenaus || haloesām
 |-
 ! Ablative
-| prātų || prātābhan || prātenīs || kældų || kældobhan || kældunīs || kumyų || kumebhan || kuminīs || halenų || haloebhan || haloenīs
+| halenų || haloebhan || haloenīs
 |-
 ! Locative
-| prāte || prātigin || prātilīm || kældave || kældugin || kældulīm || kumaye || kumigin || kumilīm || halenie || haloegin || halenilīm
+| halenie || haloegin || halenilīm
 |-
 ! Instrumental
-| prātap || prātābhan || prātenīka || kældup || kældobhan || kældunīka || kumip || kumebhan || kuminīka || halenap || haloebhan || haloenīka
+| halenap || haloebhan || haloenīka
 |}
+{{col-end}}
-Note that modern borrowings ending in [s] typically add a further case ending, e.g. Skyrdagor ''valtasz'' (nunatak) becomes Chlouvānem ''valtasas'' (same meaning), declining as ''valtasau'', ''valtasu'', ''valtasei''...
+Notes:
+# These forms begin with ''-ь'', not ''-y''.
+Also note that modern borrowings ending in [s] typically add a further case ending, e.g. Skyrdagor ''valtasz'' (nunatak) becomes Chlouvānem ''valtasas'' (same meaning), declining as ''valtasau'', ''valtasu'', ''valtasei''...
 ===M-nouns - Mamą lā halenī===