Aol/Nouns: Difference between revisions

From Linguifex
< Aol
Jump to navigation Jump to search
(Blanked the page)
 
(5 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
=Gender=
Gender in Aol pertains to how nouns are declined and gender agreement for articles. Gender of a noun is defined by the vowel of the final syllable.
{| {{Table/bluetable}} style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle"
! Neuter !! Feminine !! Masculine
|-
| i, y, o || e || a, u
|}


=Root Form=
The definition of the Aol "root form" is the nominative singular form.
=Plural Forms=
==Regular Plurals==
Regular plural formation is used for the majority of words in Aol and is used for all words who have multiple syllables in their root form. The -c suffix is used for nouns ending in vowels and the -Vc suffix is used for nouns ending in consonants. For the -Vc suffix, the vowel depends on the gender of the noun.
'''-Vc Vowels:'''<br/>
*Feminine "y, e"
*Masculine "a"
''Examples:''<br/>
fjag "animal" > fjagec "animals"<br/>
aryn "star" > arynyc "stars"<br/>
anad "gift" > anadac "gifts"<br/>
aga "eye" > agac "eyes"<br/>
esk "cube" > eskyc "cubes"<br/>
==Ablaut Plurals==
Ablaut plurals are a much smaller subset of nouns. All ablaut plurals have a single syllable in their root form but not all single syllable root nouns are ablaut plurals.
*o > e
*a > y
*e > ei, ai
''Examples:''<br/>
sar "island" > syr "islands"<br/>
ðeg "book" > ðeig "books"<br/>
ghoþ "scripture" > gheþ "scriptures"<br/>
kek "place" > kaik "places"<br/>
'''Article Agreement'''<br/>
Note that the gender of the plural form is the same as the root form.
==Mass Plurals==
Mass plurals are formed by adding the ''-fen'' suffix to the root form of the noun.
''Examples:''<br/>
vadas "body of water" -> vadasfen "waters"<br/>
del "wind gust" -> delfen "wind"<br/>
=Pronouns=
{| {{Table/bluetable}} style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle"
!colspan="4"|Pronouns
|-
!Person !! Neuter !! Common
|-
!First Person
|jan || jana
|-
!Second Person
|gas || gasa
|-
!Third Person
|eð || eða
|}
=Cases=
==Basic Cases==
{| {{Table/bluetable}} style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle"
!rowspan="2"|'''Class of Case'''
!rowspan="2"|'''Case'''
!rowspan="2"|'''English Approximation'''
!colspan="4"|'''Neuter'''
!colspan="2"|'''Common'''
|-
!'''Neuter I'''
!'''Neuter II'''
!'''Neuter III'''
!'''Neuter IV'''
!'''Common I'''
!'''Common II'''
|-
!rowspan="2"|'''Grammatical'''
|Nominative
|''cat''
| ao || dor || ðel || ges || elð || vadas
|-
|Accusative
|''cat''
| aor || doror || ðeleir || geser || elður || vadaser
|-
!rowspan="6"|'''Non-Grammatical'''
|Dative
|''for/because of the cat''
| aos || doros || ðeleis || geses|| elðus || vadases
|-
|Malefactive
|''against/opposed to the cat''
| aomo || dormo || ðelem || gesm || elðem || vadasm
|-
|Adverbial
|''cattily''
| aogo || dorgo || ðeleg || gesk || elðk || vadask
|-
|Vocative
|''O Cat''
| aogho || dorgho || ðelegh || gesgh || elðgh || vadasgh
|-
|Contrastive
|''as compared to the cat''
| aodo || dordo || ðeled || gest || elðt || vadast
|-
|Genitive
|''of cat/about cat/cat's''
| aoð || doroð || ðeleið || geseð || elðuð || vadaseð
|-
|}
==Oblique==
{| {{Table/bluetable}} style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle"
!rowspan="2"|'''Class of Case'''
!rowspan="2"|'''Case'''
!rowspan="2"|'''English Approximation'''
!colspan="4"|'''Neuter'''
!colspan="2"|'''Common'''
|-
!'''Neuter I'''
!'''Neuter II'''
!'''Neuter III'''
!'''Neuter IV'''
!'''Common I'''
!'''Common II'''
|-
!rowspan="5"|'''Oblique'''
|Translative
|''to being a cat''
| aodos || dordos || ðeledes || gesdes || elðedes || vadasdes
|-
|Exessive
|''from being a cat''
| aodoso || dordoso || ðeledese || gesdes || elðedes ||vadasdes
|-
|Essive
|''as being a cat/like a cat''
| aodosso || dordosso || ðeledess || gesdess || elðedess || vadasdess
|-
|Instrumental
|''by use of the cat/with cat''
| aogho || dorgho || ðelegh || gesgh || elðegh || vadasgh
|-
|Prolative
|''by way of the cat''
| aologh || dorlogh || ðelelegh || geslegh || elðelegh || vadaslegh
|-
|}
==Locative==
{| {{Table/bluetable}} style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle"
!'''Class of Case'''
!'''Case'''
!'''English Approximation'''
!colspan="4"|'''Neuter'''
!colspan="2"|'''Common'''
|-
!rowspan="8"|'''Internal Locative'''
|Inessive
|''inside the cat''
| aolo || dorolo || ðeleil || gesel || elðul || vadasel
|-
|Hyperessive
|''deep inside the cat''
| aollo || dorollo || ðeleill || gesell || elðull || vadasell
|-
|Illative
|''into the cat''
| aono || dorono || ðelein || gesen || elðun || vadasen
|-
|Hyperlative
|''deep into the cat''
| aonno || doronno || ðeleinn || gesenn || elðunn || vadasenn
|-
|Elative
|''from inside the cat''
| aolon || dorolon || ðeleilen || geselen || elðulen || vadaselen
|-
|Hyper-elative
|''from deep inside the cat''
| aollon || dorollon || ðeleillen || gesellen || elðullen || vadasellen
|-
|Hyperlative
|''all throughout the cat''
| aopo || doropo || ðeleip || gesep || elðup || vadasep
|-
|Perlative
|''through the cat''
| aobo || dorbo || ðelep || gesp || elðeb || vatasp
|-
!rowspan="4"|'''Traversal Locative'''
|Lative
|''towards the cat, catbound''
| aofon || dorfon || ðelefen || gesfen || elðefen || vadasfen
|-
|Superlative
|''onto the cat''
| aojo || dorjo || ðelei || gesi || elðei || vadasi
|-
|Prosecutive
|''along the cat''
| aovon || dorvon || ðeleven || gesven || elðeven || vadasven
|-
|Terminative
|''until the cat (is reached)''
| aoþo || dorþo || ðeleþ || gesþ || elðeþ || vadasþ
|-
!rowspan="4"|'''Exodal Locative'''
|Ablative
|''away from the cat''
| aoðoþ || dorðoþ || ðeleðeþ || gesðeþ || elðeðeþ || vadasðeþ
|-
|Antessive
|''far from the cat''
| aogo || dorgo || ðelen || gesn || elðen || vadasn
|-
|Delative
|''off/down from the cat''
| aoco || dorco || ðelec || gesc || elðec || vadasc
|-
|Eblative
|''(sourced) from the cat''
| aovod || dorvod || ðeleved || gesved || elðeved || vadasved
|-
!rowspan="15"|'''Relational Locative'''
|Superessive
|''on (top of) the cat''
| aojo || dorjo || ðelei || kesi || eldei || vatasi
|-
|Supraessive
|''above/over the cat''
| aonod || dornod || ðelened || gesned || elðened || vadasned
|-
|Comitative
|''(together) with the cat''
| aosod || dorsod || ðelesed || gessed || elðesed || vadassed
|-
|Pertingent
|''touching/adjacent to the cat''
| aobo || dorbo || ðeleb || gesp || elðeb || vadasp
|-
|Apudessive
|''next to/beside the cat''
| aoðoð || dorðoð || ðeleðeð || gesðeð || elðeðeð || vadasðeð
|-
|Enclosive
|''on either side of the cat''
| aoþor || dorþor || ðeleþer || gesþer || elðeþer || vadasþer
|-
|Forbative
|''in front of the cat''
| aoþo || dorþo || ðeleþ || gesþ || elðeþ || vadasþ
|-
|Locative
|''nearby/not far from the cat''
| aonoþ || dornoþ || ðeleneþ || gesneþ || elðeneþ || vadasneþ
|-
|Bative
|''behind the cat''
| aovog || dorvog || ðeleveg || gesveg || elðeveg || vadasveg
|-
|Transversive
|''beyond the cat''
| aovoj || dorvoj || ðelevei || gesvei || elðevi || vadasvi
|-
|Circumfrentive
|''surrounded by cat''
| aojor || dorjor || ðelejer || gesjer || elðejer || vadasjer
|-
|Situative
|''wrapped in cat''
| aorog || dorrog || ðelereg || gesreg || elðereg || vadasreg
|-
|Abessive
|''without the cat''
| aolor || dorlor || ðeleler || gesler || elðeler || vadasler
|-
|Intrative
|''between the cat''
| aocog || dorcog || ðeleceg || gesceg || elðeceg || vadasceg
|-
|Subessive
|''under the cat''
| aolom || dorlom || ðelelem || geslem || elðelem || vadaslem
|}

Latest revision as of 15:11, 16 October 2018

Retrieved from "https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Aol/Nouns&oldid=131957"