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Chlouvānem/Morphology: Difference between revisions
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→The verb "to be" (jalle)
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* ''lįke'' "to swim (monodirectional) and ''mųke'' "to jump (monodirectional)" behave before vowels as if their stems were (ablauting) *lis- and *mus-: pres. exterior ''lesu, lesi, lesē''...; past exterior ''lisau, lisei, lįk''. | * ''lįke'' "to swim (monodirectional) and ''mųke'' "to jump (monodirectional)" behave before vowels as if their stems were (ablauting) *lis- and *mus-: pres. exterior ''lesu, lesi, lesē''...; past exterior ''lisau, lisei, lįk''. | ||
====The verb "to be" (jalle)==== | ====The verb "to be" (''jalle'')==== | ||
The verb "to be" is suppletive as it uses various different stems (from Proto-Lahob ''*jaʕʕ'', ''*wi(w)ʕ'', ''*ri'', ''*nī'', and ''*gəna'') and irregularly — for example, the non-singular present forms are morphologically perfect. | The verb "to be" is suppletive as it uses various different stems (from Proto-Lahob ''*jaʕʕ'', ''*wi(w)ʕ'', ''*ri'', ''*nī'', and ''*gəna'') and irregularly — for example, the non-singular present forms are morphologically perfect. | ||
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=====In compound verbs===== | =====In compound verbs===== | ||
There are some compound verbs which are formed by a "meaning stem" + ''jalle''; they conjugate just like ''jalle'' does: | There are some compound verbs which are formed by a "meaning stem" + ''jalle''; they conjugate just like ''jalle'' does: | ||
* ''pṛšcāñjalle'' "to like"<ref>More properly "to be pleasing", e.g. ''lunai lum pṛšcāmvi'' "tea is pleasing to me" → "I like tea".</ref> → present ''pṛšcāmū'', ''pṛšcāmvei'', ''pṛšcāmvi''... past '' | * ''pṛšcāñjalle'' "to like"<ref>More properly "to be pleasing", e.g. ''lunai lum pṛšcāmvi'' "tea is pleasing to me" → "I like tea".</ref> → present ''pṛšcāmū'', ''pṛšcāmvei'', ''pṛšcāmvi''... past ''pṛšcānnīvau'', ''pṛšcānnīvei'', ''pṛšcānnīk''... perfect ''pṛšcāṃrem''... future ''pṛšcāñjalṣyam'' ; the same in other moods, e.g. necessitative present ''pṛšcāñjaluṣyu'', ''pṛšcāñjaluṣyi''...<br/>Note that in colloquial speech the form of ''jalle'' is omitted in the present indicative, e.g. ''pṛšcām'' is "to be pleasing" for all persons. | ||
* ''najalle'' "to happen" morphologically conjugates like ''jalle'' but has some peculiarities: | * ''najalle'' "to happen" morphologically conjugates like ''jalle'' but has some peculiarities: | ||
** Like ''jalle'', there is no agent-, dative-, and instrumental-trigger voice, but the patient-trigger voice has a dative meaning - e.g. ''nañū'' "it happens to me". | ** Like ''jalle'', there is no agent-, dative-, and instrumental-trigger voice, but the patient-trigger voice has a dative meaning - e.g. ''nañū'' "it happens to me". | ||